Objective To investigate the changes of umbilical cord and the vasoactive substance in umbilical vein in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.MethodsBy HE staining method we analyzed the pathologic change of umbilical cord of 25 women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP)and fetal distress(ICP fetal distress group),25 ICP women without fetal distress group(ICP control group)and 27 normal pregnancies(control group).The nitric oxide synthase(NOS)and endothelin-1(ET-1)were detected in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)by immunohistochemistry method.Umbilical vein total bile acid(TBA)and NOS and ET-1 were measured.Resuits(1)A remarkable high TBA level was found in umbilical vein in ICP,and it was higher in ICP fetal distress group(19.0±2.3)μmol/L than in ICP control group(9.0±1.7)μmol/L(P＜0.05);it was higher in ICP control group than the control group(4.4±1.5)μmol/L(P＜0.05).(2)A significant difference was found in the endotheliocytes of umbilical vein in ICP fetal distress group compared with ICP control group.The ratio of cells with pathological changes in ICP fetal distress group(92％,23/25)was higher than ICP control group(68％,17/25;P＜0.05).The occurrence of the pathological changes was associated with TBA.(3)The expression of eNOS in ICP fetal distress group 0.09±0.06 was lower than in ICP control group 0.21±0.08(P＜0.05),and it was lower in ICP control group than in control group 0.47±0.07(P＜0.05).In contrast.the expression of ET-1 in ICP fetal distress group 0.49±0.08 was higher than in ICP control group 0.32±0.07(P＜0.05),and it was higher in ICP control group than control group 0.14±0.06(P＜0.05).The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in ICP fetal distress group 0.20±0.04 and ICP control group 0.21±0.05 was lower than in control group 0.26±0.04(P＜0.05),but no significant difference was found in ICP fetal distress group and ICP control group(P＞0.05).(4)The expression of eNOS,iNOS and ET-1 was correlated with umbilical vein TBA in ICP(r1=-0.88,r2=-0.45,r3=0.79;P＜0.01),respectively.Conclusions High level of TBA in ICP is harmful to the umbilical vein endothelium,which is correlated with the raised expression of ET-1.and the decreased expression of eNOS,and iNOS in human umbilical cord endothelium cells.All these changes of umbilical vein may be associated with the occurrence of fetal distress in ICP.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of bloodletting pricking, cupping and surrounding acupuncture on blood inflammation-related indices in patients with acute herpes zoster (HZ), and to explore the mechanism of pain control and treatment.

METHODSA total of 60 patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. In the observation group, the patients were treated with bloodletting pricking at herpes, followed by cupping treatment; also the surrounding acupuncture was performed at injured skin. The treatment was given once a day and once every other day after the first 3 days; totally one-week treatment was given. In the control group, the patients were treated with intravenous drip of acyclovir and oral administration of vitamin B1 and B12, once a day for total one week. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and percentages of neutrophil, lymphocyte in peripheral and local blood were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the score of VAS was significantly reduced in both groups (both P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the score of VAS and the time of pain relieve were significantly improved in the observation group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared before treatment, the percentages of lymphocyte in peripheral and local blood were reduced after treatment (both P < 0.05) and the percentages of neutrophil in local blood were increased (both P < 0.05). The lymphocyte in local blood was also reduced after treatment in the control group (P < 0.05); compared with peripheral blood in the observation group and local blood in the control group, the percentages of lymphocyte in local blood were reduced (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of bloodletting pricking, cupping and surrounding acupuncture on acute herpes zoster is positive, and it can significantly lower the number of lymphocytes in the local blood and increase the number of neutrophil, which is likely to be one of the anti-virus mechanisms.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bloodletting ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; blood ; immunology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils ; immunology ; Pain Management ; Young Adult

Cholecystokinin(CCK) is one of the first discovered gastrointestinal hormones and one of the most abundant neuropeptides in the brain. CCK , as a neurotransmitter or modulator, is involved in many different biological processes. This review presents an updated overview of the anatomical distribution of CCK in brain, the changes of cerebral CCK gene expression and CCK level during brain injury, the neuroprotective effects of CCK and its underlying mechanisms.

0.05). But there have extremely significant between the normal and abnormal groups.(P0.05) , but the stunting group was extremely significant with the other three groups (P

With the development of higher education reform, cultivating students' practice ability and innovation consciousness has become the key task of experimental teaching . Aimed at training innovative talent, human anatomy department of Mudanjiang Medical University took mea-sures to reform practical contents of human anatomy such as introduction of animal organs, development of scientific research, and by setting the abundant practical teaching content and appraisal method, constructed the anatomy practice teaching system based on cultivating the innovation ability of medical students, which stimulated the enthusiasm of students for anatomy and improved quality of human anatomy teaching.

Objective To explore the variation of insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and glucose and correlation in children with sepsis. Methods Forty-two children with sepsis in pediatric intense care unit were enrolled from January 2009 to January 2010. In the morning (2nd morning) after admission, the blood glucose, serum IGF-I, cortisol, insulin, IL-6, and IGF-binding protein-I (IGFBP-1) were detected. In the 3rd and 5th morning, the serum IGF-1 was detected again. According to the blood glucose level of the 2nd morning, the children with sepsis were divided into hyperglycemia group and normal group. Meanwhile, 60 healthy children were served as control group. The data had been compared among three groups. Results In the 2nd morning, the levels of blood glucose, serum IGF-I, cortisol, insulin, and IL-6 were signiifcantly different among three groups (all P<0.05), but the serum IGFBP-I was not signiifcantly different (P>0.05). Compared with control group, the sepsis children with hyperglycemia and with normal blood glucose all had signiifcantly higher serum levels of cortisol and IL-6, and signiifcantly lower serum level of IGF-I. In the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th morning, the serum levels of IGF-1 were not signiifcantly changed with time in sepsis children with hyperglycemia and with normal blood glucose (all P>0.05). Meanwhile, there were no signiifcant differ-ences in the serum levels of IGF-1 between sepsis children with hyperglycemia and with normal blood glucose in the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th morning (all P>0.05). In children with sepsis, the blood glucose and serum IGF-1 was not correlated in the next morning (r=0.152, P=0.267). Conclusions The serum level of IGF-I decreased but maintain stable in children with sepsis. The change of blood glucose may be not related with IGF-I.

AIM: To examine the effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: By using the suture model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of CCK-8 and proglumide, nonselective CCK receptors antagonist, on the infarct size, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in different brain regions of rats subjected to 1 h focal cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion. RESULTS: (1) pretreatment with different doses of CCK-8 (0.3 ?g,1.0 ?g,2.0 ?g or 4.0 ?g) could attenuate the infarct size, but the statistically significant effects of CCK-8 were obtained only at the doses of 1.0 ?g and 2.0 ?g(P

Early exercise training after stroke is a therapeutic strategy that has been paid w idespread attention. A series of studies found that early exercise training after stroke can increase expression of neurotrophic factors and maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier by inhibiting acute neuroinflammation and apoptosis, and reduce brain damage. This artice reviews the neuroprotective roles of early exercise training after stroke and their possible molecular mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the variation of interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)in children with sepsis and the clinical significance. Methods This was a prospective and control study. Thirty-two children diagnosed as sepsis in PICU from December 2008 to December 2009 served as the sepsis group. According to whether there was a shock, sepsis group were divided into shock subgroup and no shock subgroup. Fifteen healthy children served as control group. The serum levels of IL-6,VEGF,E-selectin and ICAM-1 were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The serum level of IL-6 was 65. 00(30. 49~237. 14) ng/L in shock subgroup and 48. 68(30. 25~75. 00) ng/L in no shock subgroup,which were significantly higher than that in control group[0. 80(0. 60 ~1. 00) ng/L](P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between shock subgroup and no shock subgroup. The serum levels of VEGF and E-selectin showed no significant differences among the three groups. The serum level of ICAM-1 was 998. 72(666. 93~1 526. 44) ng/ml in shock subgroup,and 925. 71(683. 53~1 225. 12) ng/ml in no shok subgroup,which were significantly high-er than that in control group[660. 59(525. 48~685. 47) ng/ml]. Compared with those who survived in sep-sis group,the serum levels of VEGF and E-selectin in the died children with sepsis showed no significant difference,but IL-6 and ICAM-1 significantly increased(P<0. 05). Conclusion IL-6 and ICAM-1 increase greatly and accentuate inflammation in septic patients,the changes of which may help to determine the prog-nosis of sepsis.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of N‐terminal Pro‐Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT‐proBNP) in Kawasaki disease (KD) in children .Methods Ninety one children with KD were collected and 80 patients with acute upper respiratory infec‐tion were used as controls .Plasma NT‐pro BNP concentrations and other laboratory date were collected in the acute of KD .The re‐lationships between NT‐pro BNP values and different clinical and laboratory data in the acute phase were sought .Results The mean plasma NT‐pro BNP concentration in patients with KD in the acute phase was (1 042 .38 ± 528 .7)pg/mL ,significantly higher than those of control group(458 .6 ± 412 .3)pg/mL (P<0 .05) .The results of linear correlation analysis indicated that plasma NT‐pro BNP was positively correlated with CRP (r= 0 .442 ,P< 0 .05) ,and negatively correlated with Hematocrit ,Albumin and Na (r= -0 .216 ,r= -0 .204 ,r= -0 .315 ,respectively ;P<0 .05) .According to ROC analysis ,the AUC of NT‐pro BNP for detection of KD were 0 .881 ,sensitivity and specificity was 70 .1% and 84 .0% respectively for the cut‐off value of 530 pg/mL .Conclusion Our findings showed that NT‐proBNP would elevate in the acute stage of KD and was a reliable marker for the diagnosis of KD .A high level of NT‐pro BNP is associated with systemic inflammatory responses and increased vascular permeability .