We have made an investigation on medica1 college students' thinking about the teaching of human parasitology,and put forward a preliminary tentative plan and suggestion to the teaching goal,teaching content,method and so on to human parasitology teaching.

Objective To discuss the nursing for the different postoperative residual urine of patient with pelvic floor dysfunction.Method To evaluate the nursing for the postoperative residual urine of patient with pelvic floor dysfunction and the time of urinary catheters inserted,We completed a retrospective review of 138 adult patients.Results ①Toally 138 participants were categorized into 3 groups:74 (53.6％) patients carried a residual volume ＜ 100ml,53 (38.4％) patient did 100～300ml,11 (8.0％)did ＞300ml.②About11 patients who were able to void but carried a residual volume ＞300ml required indwelling catheterization.In these cases,100％ carried a residual volume ＜ 100ml after indwelling urinary catheter extraction (IUCE) after 4～5 days.③About 53 patients who were able to void but carried a residual volume between 100ml to 300ml received urine nursing,phychological nursing and bladder function exercise.Two days after IUCE 41 (77.4％) patients' residual volume was ＜100ml;three days after IUCE 11 (20.7％) patients' residul volume was ＜100ml;five days 1 patiens' residul volum was ＜100ml.Conclusion When a postvoid residual＞300ml,the patient should be performed catheterization,When a postvoid residual between 100ml to 300ml,the nurse should give the patient mental easing and teach them to perform pelvic floor muscle exercise.This can reduce the suffering of patients.

BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can induce endogenous protection mechanism, which effectively prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury following organ transplantation. Cold and warm ischemia may induce ischemia/reperfusion injury of pancreas transplantation, and apoptosis of pancreatic acinar cells is one of the important reasons of pancreas graft functional defect after transplantation. Mitochondrial DNA has repair system, and its balance with mitochondrial DNA injury influences disease occurrence and outcome.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of IPC on apoptosis of transplanted pancreatic acinar cells, and the possible role of reactive oxygen (ROS) and mitochondrial DNA repair enzyme.METHODS: A total of 50 health, male, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operated (n = 10), donors (n = 20) and recipients (n = 20). The recipients were randomly divided into ischemia/reperfusion group (IR, n = 10) and IPC group (n = 10). The sham operated group was subjected to abdominal open and close operation. IR group and IPC group received establishment of diabetic model by streptozotocin injection. IR rats received whole pancreatic-duodenal transplantation alone. IPC rats received whole pancreatic-duodenal transplantation exposed ischemic preconditioning with 5 minutes ischemia and 5 minutes reperfusion twice. All grafts were keep with warm ischemia time 15 minutes and cold ischemia (in 4 ℃ UW preservation solution) time 180 minutes. Twelve hours after reperfusion, serum amylase, blood glucose, Caspase-3, -9 activity were detected. Pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial cross-membrane potential (Δψ) was measured by monitoring the fluorescence spectrum of rhodamine 123. Mitochondrial H2O2 generation was determined using dichlorofluorescein as a probe. 8-oxodG in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was measured with HPLC system. Release of cytochrome C, phosphorylation of Akt and mitochondrial OGG1 protein expression were determined by Western-blotting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ischemia preconditioning can relieve the pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis in pancreas graft and relieve IR injury by decreasing mitochondrial oxidative stress, mtDNA injury, and increasing phosphorylation of Akt and mitochondrial OGG1 expression.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of quantitative tissue velocity imaging (QTVI) in assessing left ventricular(LV) global and regional myocardial function in patients with mitral valve replacement(MVR).Methods Eighty patients having their implantations for more than six months were examined by echocardiography.QTVI-derived parameters such as peak systolic velocity(Sa,Sm) and early diastolic velocity(Ea,Em) of mitral annulus and LV wall were measured from the apical four-chamber,two-chamber and long axis corresponding myocardial segments in MVR groups decreased and LV ejection fraction but negative correlation between Ea' and isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT') in patients(P<0.01).Conclusions QTVI plays an important role in determining LV function of patients after MVR accurately.

Objective To investigate the resistance status of different integrons of Shigella sonnei (S.sonnei) and to analyze the distribution of resistant genes in integrons in Jiangsu Province.Methods A total of 32 strains of S.sonnei isolated from six cities of Jiangsu Province in 2011 were collected.The antibiotic susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion method.The molecular homology was analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).The detection and classification of integrons were achieved by analyzing the positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).RFLP and DNA sequencing were used to analyze the resistance genes in integrons.Results Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 28 (87.5％) S.sonnei strains.The resistant rates to ampicillin,nalidixic acid and tetracycline were highest (87.5％,respectively).However,it was sensitive to norfloxacin.PFGE analysis showed that there were 3 kinds of homologous clones involving 31 strains of the 32 S.sonnei strains.Among them,2,5 and 24 strains had the same clones,respectively.Accordingly,they spread within one,two and five different cities.The detection rates of class 1,class 2 and the atypical class 1 integrons in S.sonnei were 62.5％ (20/32),81.3％ (26/32) and 21.9％ (7/32),respectively,and no class 3 integron was detected.Sequence analysis of class 1 integron variable area revealed that it contained multiple resistant genes (aacA4-cmlA1 and dfrA1-aadA 1) ; dfrA1-sat 1-aadA 1 from class 2 integron and blara-30-aadA 1 from atypical class 1 integron were also identified.Conclusions In 2011,homologous S.sonnei strains spread among different cities in Jiangsu Province.MDR strains are prevalent and integrons are widespread which mediated the emergence of MDR strains.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of syndromes caused by the disorder of metabolism of various substances in the body. The main clinical manifestations are dyslipidemia, central obesity, hypertension, abnormal glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. With the changes of diet structure and habits, the incidence rate of MS is increasing, and the patients are younger. It is an important factor in many diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, cirrhosis and some cancers. MS has seriously affected people's lives and health. Central obesity and insulin resistance are recognized as important pathogenic factors. At present, the pathogenesis of MS and its components has not been fully understood. The clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome are complex and diverse. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that the occurrence of metabolic syndrome is related to such factors as proper diet, emotional disorders, excessive escape and little movement, old age and physical deficiency. TCM scholars have studied the pathogenesis of MS in such pathological factors as phlegm and blood stasis, such visceral functions as liver, spleen and kidney, roles of Qi and blood, and emotional factors. As the basic substance of organism, Qi is closely related to the process of metabolism. The occurrence of MS is closely related to the rise and fall of Qi moving to and from the body as well as the abnormal gasification function of the transformation of Qi. Qi is derived from the five internal organs, which are respectively called Heart Qi, liver Qi, spleen Qi, lung Qi and kidney Qi. The "Qi of the five internal organs" is involved in the whole process of the generation, transportation and excretion of the essence of the body. Based on the "Qi of five internal organs", this paper discusses the pathogenesis of MS with phlegm, blood stasis and water drink as pathological factors.

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of warming needle moxibustion combined with medicine on myasthenia gravis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-eight patients were treated with warming needle moxibustion combined with oral administration of serial preparations of Zhongjiling and intravenous drip of Jiweiling Injectio for one month.

RESULTSEighty-one cases were cured, 17 cases were basically cured, 12 cases were markedly effective, 11 cases improved and 7 cases were ineffective, with a total effective rate of 94.5%.

CONCLUSIONWarming needle moxibustion combined with oral administration of serial preparations of Zhongjiling and intravenous drip of Jiweiling Injectio has a definite therapeutic effect on myasthenia gravis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Myasthenia Gravis ; classification ; therapy

Objective To explore the symptoms and clusters of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to discuss the correlation between their symptom clusters and quality of life. Methods A total of 150 patients who were diagnosed of advanced NSCLC in Nanjing Chest Hospital between January 2015 and December 2016 were selected by convenience sampling. The patients' basic information was collected, and their symptoms and quality of life were evaluated with M. D. Anderson symptom inventory (MDASI) and functional assessment of cancer therapy-lung (FACT-L). The symptom clusters were extracted by principal component analysis, and the correlation between symptom clusters and the quality of life were then explored through correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis.Results The top 3 symptoms in terms of severity in the 150 advanced NSCLC patients were fatigue, poor appetite and shortness of breath, while the top 3 symptoms in terms of frequency were fatigue, poor appetite and distress. Totally 4 symptom clusters were extracted by principal component analysis, including the emotional symptom cluster, the fatigue cluster, the illness perception cluster and the gastrointestinal tract cluster. The 4 symptom clusters were negatively correlated with the quality of life (r=-0.359--0.721,P<0.05). According to the multivariate regression analysis, the gastrointestinal tract and fatigue clusters were the main factors contributing to the life quality in advanced NSCLC patients (R2=0.522,P<0.05).Conclusions Advanced NSCLC patients were plagued with multiple symptom clusters. Therefore, nursing staff should build an efficient symptom management pattern to improve their quality of life.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine pretreatment on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma radical surgery (HCRS).METHODS:A total of 40 patients underwent elective HCRS were randomly divided into control group (20 cases) and observation group (20 cases).Before operation,observation group was given Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection with loading dose of 0.7 μg/kg within 10 min,maintained at 0.4 μg/(kg.h) until the end of surgery.Control group was given constant volume of 0.9％ Sodium chloride injection as observation group and same anesthetic scheme.The levels ofALT,AST,IL-1,IL-6,CRP and TNF-α,the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups before surgery,4 h,24 h,72 h after surgery.RESULTS:Before surgery,there was no statistical significance in the levels ofAST,ALT,IL-1,IL-6,CRP and TNF-α between 2 groups at different time points (P＞0.05).After surgery,the levels of AST and ALT in 2 groups were significantly higher than before surgery,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statisti-cal significance (P＜0.05).The levels of AST and ALT in 2 groups were decreasing gradually as time.4,24,72 h after surgery,the levels of IL-1 and IL-6 in 2 groups,TNF-α levels 4,24 h after surgery and CRP levels 24,72 h after surgery were significantly higher than before surgery,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group;the levels of TNF-α in 2 groups 72 h after surgery were significantly lower than before surgery,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).The levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α were decreasing gradually as time.There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Dexmedeptomidine pretreatment can relieve hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in HCRS patients,reduce the level of inflammatory cells without increasing the occurrence of ADR.

Objective:To assess the value of serum tumor specific protein 70 (SP70) for prognostic stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods:A cohort study design was adopted. 129 newly diagnosed AML patients from September 2022 to January 2024 at the Hematology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were included, as well as a control group consisted of 120 healthy individuals and 7 cases with benign hematologic diseases during the same period (total 127 cases). Clinical data were collected from Electronic Medical Records. According to the 2023 edition of the Chinese Leukemia Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines, AML patients with good or moderate prognosis were categorized as low-to-intermediate risk, while those with poor prognosis were high-risk group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables significantly associated with AML prognostic risk. ROC analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic performance. A nomogram for predicting patient prognostic risk was constructed by R 4.0.2 software, and the internal validation was performed using bootstrapping.Results:Among 129 AML patients, there were 71 males (55.0%) and 58 females (45.0%), with 42 (32.6%) classified as high-risk and 87 (67.4%) as low-intermediate risk. The high-risk group had a significantly higher median age [62 (48, 67) years] compared to the low-intermediate risk group [50 (35, 63) years, Z=-2.381, P=0.017], and a significantly higher proportion of males (30 patients, 71.4%) compared to the low-intermediate risk group (41 patients, 47.1%, χ 2=6.760, P=0.009). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that serum SP70 ( OR=2.54, 95% CI: 1.68-3.84, P<0.001), hemoglobin (HB) ( OR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, P<0.05), and bone marrow blast (BM blast) ( OR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.13, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for high-risk prognosis in AML patients. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for SP70 predicting high-risk patients was 0.908 (cut-off value of 5.74 ng/ml, 95% CI: 0.845-0.952, sensitivity 90.5%, specificity 82.8%). The combined model of serum SP70, HB, and BM blasts had an AUC of 0.931 (95% CI: 0.890-0.973); C-index=0.925 (95% CI: 0.876-0.963),with no statistically significant difference compared to serum SP70 alone ( Z=1.693, P>0.05). Conclusion:Serum SP70 may be a promising non-invasive molecular biomarker for prognostic stratification in AML.