Objective To evaluate the rat brain pharmacokinetics of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) after intranasal administration.Methods The pharmacokinetic behavior of TMPP in rat brain was investigated after intranasal or intravenous administration (10mg?kg-1) of TMPP.Brain samples were collected by intracerebral microdialysis.The concentration of TMPP in the sample was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and analyzed by Das 2.0 pharmacokinetic software.Results The results showed that two administration methods were all fitted to one compartment model.The absorption of TMPP from the nasal cavity to brain was rapid.The concentration-time curve showed a prolonged duration of TMPP concentration in the brain after intranasal administration.AUC0-∞values were (698.26?122.59)?g?min?mL-1 in intranasal group and (446.25?107.44)?g?min?mL-1 in intravenous group,and the difference was significant between the two groups (P

Objective To study the characteristic of in-vivo nasal mucosa absorption of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate(TMPP) liposome in rats. Methods Nasal circulatory perfusion method in rats was used to study the effects of different circulatory rates and TMPP concentrations on nasal mucosa absorption of TMPP liposome. Nasal mucosa absorption rate constants of TMPP liposomes and TMPP solutions at the same concentration were also compared. Results The absorption rate constant of TMPP liposomes was increased with the increase of circulatory rates at the range of 1.2～2.4 mL/min and with the increase of TMPP concentrations at the range of 0.245～0.98 mg/mL. Both the absorption rate constant and absorbed amount of TMPP for TMPP liposomes were higher than those for TMPP solutions at the same concentration. Conclusion The nasal mucosa absorption of TMPP liposome was complete as compared with that of TMPP solution.

Objective To study the value of ultrasonographic diagnosis of benign,borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors.Methods In the 203 patients of ovarian epithelial tumors,the substantial tissues′ area of 128 cases with cyst-solid mass was measured through ultrasonography and compared with pathology.Results The area of substantial tissues in ovarian epithelial tumors was benign 5 cm 2 were regarded as optimal threshold values for differentiation of the benign,the borderline and the malignancy,their sensitivities were 94.7% , 80.0% and 90.7% ,their specificities were 96.3% , 92.4% and 97.6% ,accuracies were 96.1% , 90.0% and 92.9% .Conclusions It provides an effective method for diagnosis of benign, borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors.If combined with conditions of color Doppler flow imaging, and comprehensive consideration on greater omentum and lymph node, the accurate diagnostic rate will be increased.

[Objective]To refine operative indications of rotating hinge prostheses and report the medium term results of these implants,and to analyze the reasons for postoperative complications.[Method]From 1999 to 2007,42 Endo-Model(Link) rotating hinge prostheses were used in 34 patients.The cases were all gonarthrosis with severe genu varus,genu valgus or flexion contracture.Bone defect or instability was found in these cases before operation.The mean follow-up was 6.4 years(2.3-10.4 years).[Result]One case of deep infection,and one periprosthetic fracture were noted.And 3 cases of patella subluxation or tilt were detected by postoperative X-ray.All patients had excellent pain relief and restoration of walking capability.The average HSS score improved from 40.5 points to 89 points after surgery.[Conclusion]Besides being used in revision surgery,rotating hinge prostheses are indicated in primary arthroplasties for patients with severe ligament laxity,substantial deformity or bone losses.With appropriate indication selection and accurate operative skill,satisfactory medium term result can be obtained.

Objective To investigate the effects of rolipram on neurofunction and the ultrastructure of the spinal cord in rats with spinal cord contusion.Methods Thirty adult,female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats received spinal cord contusion at the T10 level.They were then randomited into an experimental group and a control group immediately after the operation.Rats in the experimental group received subcutaneous injections of 0.25mg/kg of rolipram twice daily for two weeks.Control rats received the same dosage of 0.9％ sodium chloride solution on the same schedule.The rats'functional recovery was evaluated using the open-field locomotion rating scale of Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB score),once a week within the 1st month after spinal cord injury (SCI),and once every two weeks subsequently.The morphology of the spinal cord tissue around the lesion site was observed under the light microscope with HE staining at the 8th week postoperation,and the ultrastructure of the spinal cord was observed under the transmission electron microscope at the 2nd,4th and 8th week postoperation.Results At the 2nd and 3rd week after SCI the experimental group exhibited significandy greater improvement in average BBB scores than the control group.However,the average BBB scores in the experimental and control groups were not significantly different at 8 weeks after SCI.Under the light microscope,cavities were observed in the posterior dorsal column near the SCI in both the experimental and control groups.However thick,condensed glial scars in the injured area were observed only in the control group.The density of glial cells decreased more in the experimental group than in the control group.Transmission electron microscopy revealed that,compared with the control group,inflammatory edema was attenuated and fewer axons were damaged at the 2nd week postoperation in the experimental group.That group also showed less axon degeneration as well as more angiogenesis at the 4th and 8th week.Conclusion Rolipram can reduce secondary neuron degeneration,inhibit gliosis and the formation of glial scars,and promote angiogenesis.

Objective To detect the in-vitro recovery of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) in microdialysis probe and to study its stability. Methods The recovery of TMPP was detected by concentration difference method (increment method and decrement method ). The effect of flow rates and concentrations on recovery was studied. Results The recovery detected by increment method was as the same as that detected by decrement method; TMPP recovery was independent of TMPP concentration in the external medium. TMPP recovery had good stability. Conclusion Microdialysis sampling can be used for the pharmacokinetic study of TMPP and decrement method (ie. retrodialysis) can be used for the determination of TMPP recovery.

Objective To investigate the role of hybrid bone grafting using autograft and freezedried allograft bone in restoration of acetabular bone defect,as well as to evaluate the clinical results of this grafting technique combined with acetabular scaffold in dealing with massive acetabular deficiency.Methods Between April 1999 to December 2007,18 patients (19 hips) underwent acetabular revision by using a mixture of autograft and allogenic freeze-dried cancellous bone particles plus acetabular scaffold.There were 8males and 10 females,aged from 33 to 76 years (average,64.7 years).The acetabular defects were caused by aseptic loosening of primary total hip arthroplasty in 17 patients and osteoarthritis secondary to osteotomy in 1 case of acetabular dysplasia.There were 5 cases of Paprosky Ⅱ B defect,2 Paprosky Ⅱ C defect,6 Paprosky ⅢA defect and 6 Paprosky ⅢB defect.Results All patients were followed up for 3.6 to 12.3 years (average,6.5 years).Harris hip score improved from preoperative 38.7±9.6 to 87.6±7.8 at final follow-up.According to X-rays,bone incorporation evidenced by trabecular bridging of the host-donor interface was found at 3to 6 months postoperatively,and effective bone incorporation was achieved in all cases one year postoperatively.Polyethylene wear occurred in one case.Acetabular component loosening was not found at final follow up.Conclusion Impacted bone grafting using a mixture of autograft and freeze-dried allograft bone can efficiently restore acetabular bone defect.Adding autograft bone to freeze-dried allograft bone is a highly effective way of achieving graft incorporation.Hybrid bone grafting technique with acetabulum scaffold is an attractive option for the treatment of extensive acetabular deficiency.

OBJECTIVETo explore the impacts on the life quality and the effect mechanism in the patients of allergic rhinitis (AR) treated with warm acupuncture in winter and summer.

METHODSTwo hundred and forty patients of AR were randomized into a summer and winter acupuncture group, a non-summer and winter acupuncture group and a western medication group, 80 cases in each one. In the two acupuncture groups, Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12), Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) were selected. In the summer and winter acupuncture group, the warm acupuncture started at the first day of the three periods of hot season and the first day of the third nine-day period after the winter solstice. The treatment was given once every two days, continuously for 15 times. Totally, 30 treatments were required a year. In the non-summer and winter acupuncture group, the warm acupuncture was applied out of the three periods of the hot season and the third nine-day period after the winter solstice. The treatment was given once every two days and 30 treatments for a year. In the western medication group, cetirizine was taken orally, continuously for 30 days as one session. In the three groups, the treatment for 1 year was taken as one session. The second session started in the next year. Totally, 2 sessions were required. The score of rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) and the level of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) were compared in the patients' of each group before treatment and in 1 and 2 sessions of treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the scores of 7 domains, named activities, common complaints, practical problems, sleep, ocular symptoms, nasal symptoms and emotions were all improved as compared with those before treatment, in the patients of the three groups (all P < 0.05). After 2 sessions treatment, the results in the summer and winter acupuncture group were better than those in the other two groups (all P < 0.05), and the results in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group were better than those in the western medication group (all P < 0.05). After treatment, serum IgE level was lower averagely than that before treatment in the three groups (all P < 0.05). After 2 sessions treatment, the result in the summer and winter acupuncture group was lower than that in the other two groups (both P < 0.05), and the result in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group was lower than that in the western medication group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate was 92.3% (72/78) in the summer and winter acupuncture group, better than 80.5% (62/77) in the non-summer and winter acupuncture group and 69.7% (53/76) in the western medication group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe warm acupuncture in both summer and winter achieves the definite efficacy on AR and the effect mechanism is relevant with reducing serum IgE level.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Seasons ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of direct and remedial rotational atherectomy in the treatment of heavily calcified coronary artery lesions.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 58 patients admitted in the Shanghai Chest Hospital and Liaocheng People Hospital from May 2012 to July 2015 who had received stent implantation and rotational atherectomy.The 58 patients were divided into two groups which were the direct atherectomy group (n =27) and the remedial atherectomy group (n =31).General clinical date,lesion and procedural characteristics,intraoperative complications,in-hospital and follow-up MACCE were compared between the two groups.Results There were no differences between the two groups in general clinical date intraoperative complications,amount of contrast agent used,proceduraltime,rates of in-hospital and follow-up MACCE.Nevertheless,compared with the direct artherectomy group,the remedial group had more number of balloon dilations during procedure [3 (1,5) vs.2 (1,2),P ＜ 0.001] and higher peak cardiac troponin levels [1.1 (0.3,3.0) μg/L vs.0.5 (0.1,2.3) μg/L,P =0.032].Conclusions Remedial rotational atherectomy with drug-eluting stent had the same safety and efficacy as direct atheretomy with drug-eluting stent in treating patients with heavily calcified coronary lesions.It is reasonable and safe to transform routine PCI to remedial rotational atherectomy when the 2.0 mm semi compliant balloon or/and 2.5 mm non-compliant balloon cannot pass through or dilate the lesions.

Objective:To investigate impacts of a deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm on image quality of lower extremity CTA with low kVp and reverse flow direction scanning.Methods:From January 2021 to March 2021, fifty patients with suspected lower extremities diseases and received lower extremity CTA with low kVp and reverse flow direction scanning in Union Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University were retrospectively collected in this study. Six groups of CT images were reconstructed at the thickness of 0.625 mm using two algorithms including ASIR-V of three blending ratios (ASIR-V 20%, ASIR-V 50% and ASIR-V 80%) and DLIR of three strengths (DLIR-H, DLIR-M and DLIR-L). Regions of interest (ROIs) were placed on proximal abdominal aorta (AA), distal AA, left and right common iliac arteries, left and right femoral arteries (upper segment), left and right superficial femoral arteries (middle segment), left and right popliteal arteries. The CT value and SD value were measured for each group; the signal-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. The lower extremity CTA was divided into four segments, and the subjective evaluation was independently performed on noise and sharpness using 4 points scales by two radiologists. One-way analysis of variance was utilized to evaluate the differences in subjective scoring and objective parameters among the six groups.Results:For all arteries segments, with the increase of blending ratios for ASIR-V and reconstruction strength of DLIR, the SD values were reduced while SNR and CNR were increased (all P<0.05). Among the six groups, DLIR-H and ASIR-V80% images had lowest SD as well as highest SNR and CNR (all P<0.05). In comparison to ASIR-V20% and ASIR-V50% images, DLIR-H images showed lower SD, higher SNR and CNR values (all P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between ASIR-V80% and DLIR-H images in SD, SNR and CNR values (all P>0.05). Subjective scoring results showed that the DLIR-H images displayed the best noise performance for the entire lower extremity arteries from AA to the foot artery, and the sharpness scores of DLIR-H images were also significantly higher than ASIR-V80% (all P<0.05). Conclusion:DLIR can significantly reduce the image noise and improve the image quality in CTA for abdominal aorta to lower extremity arteries. DLIR-H showed the greatest noise reduction ability and the best effect balancing noise and sharpness, providing highest image quality.