Objective To explore the pathological and imaging features of adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of pancreas.Methods Both clinical data and imaging findings in seven cases with pathologically proved ASC of pancreas were analyzed retrospectively.Imaging features were compared with pathological results.Results 1 )The disease mainly occurred in people around 55 years, among the 7 cases ,5 located in the pancreatic head, 2 in the body and tail, with abdominal pain and jaundice as the chief complaint.2)Pathologically, the solid part of the tumor was made up of ductal adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma components, with a different rate, while the cystic part was made up of necrosis, liquefaction.3) the imaging of 5 cases with ASC of pancreas in which squamous carcinoma components predominate shows solid and cystic tumors of pancreas, furthermore the ratio of central cystic diameter and the whole tumor diameter increase with the the volum of the tumor.4) There is no partitioning in the cystic part of the tumor, with a few irregular microcyst around it.5 ) The tumor shows a pattern of infiltrative growth, associated dilatation of the common bileduct or pancreatic duct in all cases, pancreatic atrophy in part.6) Squamous carcinoma components of the tumor was the pathologic basis for the formation of the solid and cystic structure in imaging.Conclusions ASC of pancreas is a rare aggressive subtype of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a worse prognosis than the usual type of ductal adenocarcinoma, although symptoms similar to pancreatic ductal carcinoma.Cases of ASC of pancreas in which squamous carcinoma components predominate have certain characteristic imaging and pathologic features,which is important to early diagnosis.

Periodical assessment over the actual situation of physician work in a Class One Grade A hospital in Beijing is performed, and some ideas to improve the work are proposed in view of the problems existing in the work.

Objective To study the value of ultrasonographic diagnosis of benign,borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors.Methods In the 203 patients of ovarian epithelial tumors,the substantial tissues′ area of 128 cases with cyst-solid mass was measured through ultrasonography and compared with pathology.Results The area of substantial tissues in ovarian epithelial tumors was benign 5 cm 2 were regarded as optimal threshold values for differentiation of the benign,the borderline and the malignancy,their sensitivities were 94.7% , 80.0% and 90.7% ,their specificities were 96.3% , 92.4% and 97.6% ,accuracies were 96.1% , 90.0% and 92.9% .Conclusions It provides an effective method for diagnosis of benign, borderline and malignant ovarian epithelial tumors.If combined with conditions of color Doppler flow imaging, and comprehensive consideration on greater omentum and lymph node, the accurate diagnostic rate will be increased.

Cerebellar Neoplasms ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; ultrastructure

BACKGROUND: There are plentful studies about bioreactor of tissue engineering of blood vessel, tendon, cartilage, heart valve,trachea, bladder and stern cell. OBJECTIVE: To construct small-sized tissue-engineerad blood vessels with human bone marrow stromal stem cells (hBMSCs) in improved bioreactor system.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The single sample observation stuay was performed at the School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science&Technology, and Shanghai Tissue Engineering Research & Development Center from June 2005 to March 2008.MATERIALS: Vessel bioreactor was self-made by East China University of Science&Technology. hBMSCs were harvested from healthy volunteers. METHODS: A set of support bracket constructing tissue engineered blood vessels with the diameter of 2 mm was designed with the application of Finite Element Methods as an analysis method analyzing support bracket of tissue engineered small-sized blood vessel. Primary hBMSCs were first Collected and further cultivated exvivo. The third passage cultured cells were then seeded on the polyglycolic acid (PGA) to fabricate the cell-scaffold composite. Subsequently, this composite was subjected to dynamical culture in the blood vessel bioreactor. After cultured for 4 weeks, the composite was removed from the bioreactor.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following mentioned references were measured: composite growth; other correlation detection of the hBMSCs-PGA composite, RESULTS: Gross observation and scanning electron microscope were used at4 weeks after hBMSCs-PGA composite culture. It was observed that the tissue-engineered blood vessel had a bright color and certain elasticity. The blood vessel could rebound to its odginal shape after repeated press by the forceps.The secreted collagen matrix arrayed orderly around the cells and smooth muscle elastic acttn could also be detected in the formed tissues using immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: The in vivo mechanics conditions of blood vessels can be simulated using the current blood vessel bioreactor system. Using hBMSCs, the construction of tissue engineered small-sized blood vessels can be successfully achieved.

Objective To apply iTRAQ technology to observe changes in protein expression group in the process of inducing C2C12 cells differentiation towards osteoblast by BMP-2.Methods The myoblast C2C12 cells were seeded in BMP-2 induced differentiation system for differentiation induction.In the 7th day,differentiation protein was extracted and labeled with iTRAQ reagent.Then,mass spectrometric detection,data analysis of differentially expressed proteins,and analysis of biological information were carried out.Results 23 significantly differentially expressed protein spots were screened by BMP-2-induced myoblast C2C12 differentiated cell protein expression profile analysis,where the protein was labeled with iTRAQ reagent.8 protein points were up-regulated,and 15 protein points were down-regulated.Trend classification found that the above differential protein had differential expression in each period of C2C12 cell osteogenic differentiation (1-7 days).Part of up-regulated protein in the early differentiation period showed high expression level;part of up-regulated protein in the late differentiation period showed high expression level;similarly,part of down-regulated protein in the early differentiation period presented low expression level;part of down-regulated protein in the late differentiation period showed low expression level.Preliminary identification showed SERCA3,Cytochrome bS,S100A4,ATPase inhibitor and ATPIF1 presented dynamic changes,which suggests that these proteins may be related to inducing osteogenic differentiation mechanism.Conclusion The results of differential protein expression trend show the necessity of full monitoring of C2C 12 cells osteogenic differentiation and indicate that iTRAQ technology is an effective method of studying protein changes of cellular molecule.Five proteins including SERCA3,Cytochrome b5,S100A4,ATPase inhibitor and ATPIF1 can be used as candidate targets for osteogenic differentiation mechanism research.

Background and purpose: With the application of laparoscopy in the liver surgery increasingly widely used, the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic liver resection is gaining recognition gradually. This study aimed to explore the laparoscopic liver resection for the tumor and the feasibility of open liver tumor resection and clinical curative effect. Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical data from 37 cases of laparoscopic hepatectomy and 74 patients with open liver resection from Mar. 2015 to Mar. 2016. Measurement data by covariance analysis were obtained, and comparison between groups were made using independent sample with Wilcoxon rank test and statistical value of Z. We collected data including operation time, intra-operative blood loss, post-operative recovery time of gastrointestinal tract, surgical drainage tube after extubation time, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, hospitalization expenses and other clinical data. Laparoscopic group had 20 males and 17 female aged 18 to 76 (median age 55). Open group had 42 males and 32 females aged 26 to 74 (median age 54). The hepatectomy included ultrasonic knife + unipolar electric coagulation, combined with laparoscopic incision suture. Surgery procedures included 13 cases of local excision in laparoscopic group and 24 cases of liver segment or lobe anatomical resection. Open group had 33 cases of local excision and 41 cases of liver segment or lobe anatomical resection. Results: The average duration of laparoscopic hepatectomy was 149 min (40-204 min). The average duration of open hepatectomy was 142 min (45-190 min). The average intra-operative blood loss was 220 mL (30-570 mL) in laparoscopic group and 360 mL (90-970 mL) in open group. The average length of hospital stay was 4.9 d (3-6 d) in laparoscopic group and 6.8 d (5-9 d) in open group. Gastrointestinal average recovery time was 1.1 days in laparoscopic group and 2.3 days in open group. The average hospitalization expenses were 38760 yuan in laparoscopic group and 39145 yuan in open group. Conclusion:Laparoscopic hepatectomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive surgery, can be safely used in local, liver segment and half liver resection, worthy of promotion.

OBJECTIVE To study the audiological and etiological characteristics of infants failed to pass hearing screening. METHODS 126 infants received audiological diagnostic tests,including auditory brainstem response(ABR),40 Hz auditory event related potential(40 Hz AERP),distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE),tympanometry and acoustic reflex. The degrees and types of the hearing loss,and etiological characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Among 126 infants (252 ears),61 were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss(48.41%),48 were conductive hearing loss(38.09%),and 17 were found to have normal ABR thresholds(13.49%). The hearing loss was associated with various factors,including history of infection during pregnancy(21 cases),threatened abortion(9 cases),pregnancy with age at or over 35(6 cases),extension of pregnancy(7 cases),history of systematic diseases(10 cases),history of neonatal jaundice(13 cases),history of asphyxia and hypoxia(18 cases),premature and low birth weight neonates(8 cases),neonatal diseases (8 cases),family history of deafness(5 cases),craniofacial deformity(3 cases),central nervous system disorder(6 cases),and 9 cases were second child. CONCLUSION The infants who failed to pass hearing screening have various etiology characteristics in hearing loss. The infants associated with risk factors were mostly found to have sensorineural hearing loss.

Objective: To investigate the ultrastructural features of muscle in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods: The clinical data of 27 mitochondrial encephalomyopathy patients who underwent left or right biceps brachii muscle biopsy at Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from July 2006 to August 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The muscle biopsy specimens were examined underlight microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results: There were 27 patients (17 males, 10 females) with an age range of 12 to 62 years (mean 29 years). The age of onset ranged from 3 to 38 years. The course of disease ranged from 1 month to 24 years. Twenty-two cases presented with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, four with myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF) syndrome, and one with chronic progressive paralysis of extraocular muscle (CPEO) syndrome. Skeletal muscle biopsy showed abundant ragged red fibers and strongly SDH-reactive vessel. Genetic studies showed 17 of 22 cases of MELAS syndrome had A3243G mutation, and the other 5 cases had no abnormality. A8344G mutation was found in 3 of 4 cases of MERRF syndrome. No single or multiple mtDNA mutations were found in the single case of CPEO. Transmission electron microscopy of all 27 cases showed diffuse proliferation of mitochondria between the myofibrils and beneath the sarcolemma, with increased spacing between muscle cells. Seven cases showed numerous glycogen and four showed subsarcolemmal lipid droplets, 13 cases showed unusual mitochondrial morphology, including mitochondrial electron-dense substances and paracrystal line inclusions ("parking lot" change)in eight cases. Conclusions Transmission electron microscopy shows significant differences in ultrastructural pathological changes among different patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Some patients with mild clinical symptoms have increased mitochondrial number, increased metabolism of glycogen and lipid droplets, while others with severe clinical symptoms have abnormal mitochondrial morphology. Typical crystalloid inclusions are found in mitochondria, which are of great value in the diagnosis of this disease.

Objective To analyse and compare the effects and safety of early use (in emergency room, intravenous loading followed by infusion) with bolus injection during primary PCI of tirofiban, on post-procedural TIMI flow and 30d clinical outcomes. Methods Seven hundred and seven patients with acute STEMI treated by primary PCI in Ruijin hospital were retrospectively and enrolled screened. Among them, 86 patients with single bolus intra-coronary injection of tirofiban (25 μg/kg) during the procedure were served as observation group. Baseline, angiographic, PCI features and rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 d follow-up were compared with those received early intravenous infusion of tirofiban (10ug/kg bolus followed by 0.15μg/(kg·min) intravenous infusion)(control group, n=239). Results Compared with control group, patients in observation group were older[(63.8±11.4) vs. (57.9±8.8), P=0.01], had higher prevalence of hypertension (58.6%vs. 51.0%, P=0.005), multivessel disease (57.0%vs. 34.3%, P<0.001), and female in gender (40.7%vs. 25.1%, P=0.006). Post-procedural TIMI flow in culprit vessel and TMP grade were comparable between the two groups (P=0.66 and P=0.48, respectively). Reduction in TIMI minimal bleeding events were found in the observation group (2.3%vs. 9.6%, P=0.03). MACE free survival rate at 30d clinical follow-up was similar between the two groups (P=0.48). Conclusions Single bolus intra-coronary injection of tirofiban exerts similar effects in post-procedural TIMI flow, TMP grade in culprit vessel and 30d clinical outcomes compared with early use in emergency room with intra-venous loading and infusion, nevertheless, intra-coronary injection resulted in significantly reduced TIMI minimal bleeding events. Prospective, randomized clinical study is mandatory to prove our current results.