Pharmacology of Shpnxueling(SXL),a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of idiopathicthrombocytopenic purpura,and its hemostatic activity were studied in experimental animals. Results showedthat SXL shortened the time of bleeding and coagulation,raised BPC in mice,increased platelet megakaryocyteproduction in rabbit,prolong the time of swiming of 1oaded mice,increased body liver and kidney weights ofyoung mice, increased p1asma cortisol Ievel. Acute and chronic toxicity tests reveaIed that SXL was nontoxicto mice or rats. These results suggested that hemostasis was associated with effects of SXl, which could faci1i-tate division and maturity of megakaryocyte,increase the BPC,accelerate coagulation and regulate the functionof endocrine. SXL could resist fatigue,endure hypoxia,faciIitate growth. lt is safe and nontoxic in its use of'SXL.

Xixin [Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt Var mandshuricum ( Maxim ) kitag] is a Chinese drug which has a little toxicityas recorded in ancient Chinese medical books. It was demon-strated in this article that the toxicity of Xixin was caused by itsessential oil. When the mice were administered with Xixin oil and its decoction without oil in equal doses separately, the mortality rate for the oil group was 70%, whereas no death was observed in the group of decoction without oil. By synchronous recording the EKG and EEG of cerebral cortex, hippocampus and reticular formation of midbrain in the rabbits, it was revealed that the EKG underwent following changes after the administration of Xixin oil: fast wave of low amplitude→slow wave of high amplitude→slow wave of low amplit ude→burst-suppression pattern→electrical silence. EEG vanished after the electrical silence of cerebral cortex,hippocampus and midbrain reticular formation.The LD50 and ED50 of Xixin oil was calculated 27.0?0.4ml/kg and 18.3?0.8ml/kg respectively,safety coefficient 1.47, being significantly less than control drug sodium amytal.

AIM: To observe the change of Guanxi Suhe Pill(GXSH) in cardiomyocytes suffering from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury due to replacement of Aristolochia debilis sieb.et Zucc by Radix inulae. METHODS: Myocardial cells from neonatal SD rats were cultured in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium(DMEM).The primary culture cardiomyocytes were injured by hydrogen peroxide(1 mmol/L) for 4 h,and serum containing GXSH was added to the medium at the same time.The creatine kinase(CK) activity,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content in culture medium were determined.Intracellular superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity,the activity of Na~+-K~+-ATPase and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATPase in the cardiomyocytes were also observed. RESULTS: GXSH containing Aristolochia debilis sieb.et Zucc,GXSH containing Radix inulae,and GXSH without above both herbs significantly inhibited the release of LDH and CK,decreased the content of MDA and increased SOD activity,increased the volume of Na~+-K~+-ATPase and Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)-ATPase of hydrogen peroxide-injured cardiomyocytes.The effects of TG and BG were stronger significantly than those of QG on some parameters. CONCLUSION: GXSH all has a remarkable protective effect on cardiomyocytes suffering from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury without and with Aristolochia debilis sieb.et Zucc or taking the place of the GXSH containing Radix inulae do not influence its protective effects on cardiomyocytes suffereing from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of the active component in series of Guanxin Suhe Pills including the prescription containing Radix Aristolochiae(QG),the prescription containing Radix Inulae(TG),and the prescription without any of them(BG) in Beagle dogs and to compare the pharmacokinetics among the series of prescription.Methods HPLC Method was developed to determine acid in plasma of Beagle dogs.Blood plasma was collected after series of Guanxin Suhe Pills were ig administrated to Beagle dogs 0—8 h later.The concentration of cinnamic acid in the plasma was determined and DAS 2.1 software was used in calculation of compartment model and pharmacokinetic parameters.Results The standard curve was linear from 0.031 25 to 32 mg/L in plasma of Beagle dogs,the lowest detectable limit was 31.25 ?g/L,the recovery rate of the method was over 90 % with satisfactory relative standard deviations(RSDs) of intra-day and inter-day both lower than 5 %.The metabolism of cinnamic acid in plasma of Beagle dogs after medication of series in QG,TG,and BG all fitted in a first order absorption of two-compartment model.The peak concentration and the area under curve in TG and BG groups had the higher tendency than those in the QG group,but there was no significant difference among the three groups.Conclusion The series of Guanxin Suhe Pills all have a similar pharmacokinetic process.Taking away the Radix Aristolochiae from the previous prescription that including the Radix Aristolochiae or taking the place of the Radix Aristolochiae with Radix Inulae does not influence the pharmacokinetic process of the main active component.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Shenqi Recipe on the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells (MC) and interstitial fibroblasts (FC) in rats. METHODS: The effect of serum containing prepared drugs from normal and chronic renal failure rats treated by Shenqi Recipe on glomerular mesangial cells and intersititial fibroblasts in vitro was observed by MTT colorimetric assay and serophrmacology. RESULTS: Compared with the blank sample normal rats, serum containing Shenqi Recipe inhibited the proliferation of MC and FC (P<0.001), and the serum containing Shenqi Recipe of CRF rats had significantly inhibited the proliferation of MC and FC compared with the model group(P<0.001). Conclusion Shenqi Recipe can postpone CRF progress by this mechanism.

Objective:To observe effects of Sanbaoxin on formation of thrombosis in vivo and in vitro in rats.Methods:After the rats were administrated by high,mid and low doses,i,e,10g crude drug/kg,5g/kg and 1g/kg,respectively,Chandler method was used to form in vitro thrombosis and electrical stimulation of common carotid artery was used to form in vivo thrombosis,and then effects of Sanbaoxin on formation of thrombosis were observed.Results:The high dosage of Sanbaoxin could significantly prolongate the period of in vivo thrombosis(P

Garlic is a bulb from generalized liliaceous plant Alli-um sativum, it plays an essential role in the prevention and treat-ment of cardiovascular diseases, tumors and pathogenic microor-ganisms. Through consulting domestic and foreign references, the main active ingredients of garlic and their pharmacological
effects are reviewed, the problems and achievement in Chinese research are also discussed. It can provide a certain reference for the further study of garlic and new drug development.

Objective To compare effects of the whole prescription of Guanxin Ⅱ(GXⅡ),the hemorheologic agents and the Qi-regulating agents of the whole prescription on acute myocardial infarction in rats.Methods Acute myocardial infarct(AMI)model was established by coronary artery ligation,and then the model rats were treated with intraduodenal administration of different compositions of GXⅡ 5～10 minutes after the artery ligation.Five hours after modeling,blood was collected to determine the levels of endothelin(ET),thromboxane(TXB2),isoenzymes of creatine kinase(CK-MB)and andlactate dehydrogenase(LDH).The heart of rats was cut into five slices and dyed by nitrotetrazolium blue chloride(N-BT)for 5 minutes,and then the infarcted area(non-N-BT staining area)and the noninfarcted area(N-BT staining area)were detected.Results Compared to the model group,both the whole prescription of GXⅡ and the hemorheologic agents significantly reduced infarct size,ameliorated blood ET,TXB2,CK-MB and LDH levels(P

Development of minimally invasive medicine and needs of pharmacology and relevant fields lead to the establishment and expansion of minimally invasive pharmacology and evidence-based pharmacology. Some principal views on the minimally invasive pharmacology and evidence-based pharmacology are discussed in this review.