Objective To investigate value of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) and Doppler power imaging(CDPI) in the diagnosis of choroidal detachment(CD). Methods Color Doppler ultrasound was performed in 30 cases with choroidal detachment. At the base of eyeball shape, lens, vitreous and retina examined by ultrasound, intraocular band-shaped echo was examined by CDFI and CDPI, to understand its blood flow. The observation was compared with that of surgical results. Results Of 30 cases with choroidal detachment, the diagnostic positive correspondonce of ultrasound was 80.0%, while ultrasound combined with CDFI and CDPI, the correspondence increased up to 96.7%. The sonographic features of CDFI and CDPI in choroidal detachment patients were abundant blood flow in band-shape or short stick-like. In 3 cases out of 4 cases with retinal detachment, blood flow was not abundant,their blood flow showed a sparked pattern. In addition, 14 cases combined with vitreous hemorrhage, 8 cases had vitreous opacity and 4 cases vitreous proliferation. Ultrasound diagnosis corresponded with that of clinical surgery in 27 choroidal detachment cases. Conclusions Ultrasound combined with CDFI and CDPI provide valuable references for diagnosis and treatment of choroidal detachment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of ultrasound on the diagnosis of posterior dislocation of the lens. MethodsThe eyes of 38 patients with different kinds of posterior dislocation of the lens were examined by color Doppler ultrasound to understand location, forms, and echogram of the lens and relation with their environmental tissues. ResultsOf 38 cases, 13 cases with complete posterior dislocation of the lens, 3 cases with posterior dislocation of intraocular lens, and 22 cases with incomplete posterior dislocation of the lens were proved. Also, 4 cases with vitreous hemorrhage, 13 cases with vitreous opacity and fibrous membrane, 15 cases with posterior detachment of the vitreous, 3 cases with retinal detachment were found. In addition, 33 cases underwent vitrectomy combining lensectomy or removal of the lens, among them, diagnostic ratio of ultrasound was 100%. ConclusionsHigh practical value is shown in posterior dislocation of the lens by ultrasound as one of the important methods on the diagnosis. At the same time, it provides valuable references for choosing surgical methods of posterior dislocation of the lens.

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is one of invasive behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), related with the prognosis and post-treatment recurrence of HCC. Preoperative noninvasive and accurate prediction of MVI is of vital importance to select reasonable clinical treatment and improve patient's prognosis. At present, there are no recognized criteria for preoperative diagnosis of MVI in clinical practice. Preoperative imaging prediction of MVI has become a current research focus, and the relative research progresses were reviewed in this article.

Objective:In this study,a series of experiments were conducted to research the mechanism of anticancer and preliminary molecular effects of PAMs on the HEPG-2 cancer cells.Methods:Morphological observation and MTT assay were used to explore the inhibition and killing effect of PAMs acting on HEPG-2.AO/EB staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining were employed to observe the apoptosis of HEPG-2 treated with PAMs.The expression level of Foxm1,bcl-2 and others genes in HEPG-2 cells were detected by using qRT-PCR and western blot.Wound healing and transwell experiments determined if PAMs can inhibit the migration of HEPG-2.Results:PAMs can inhibit and kill HEPG-2 cells in time and dose-dependent manners,and the cytotoxic effects were closely related to the cell apoptosis.The mRNA expression of foxm1,bcl-2 and surviving gene were remarkably decreased in HEPG-2 cells after the treatment of PAMs.PAMs decreased the FoXM1 protein expression in HEPG-2 cells,while up-regulating thep53 protein expression.,and it could also inhibit the migration of cancer cells.Conclusions:The possible molecular mechanism for the killing of HEPG-2 cancer cells by PAMs was proposed.By down-regulating the expression of foxm1 and up-regulating the expression of p53,the transcriptional expression of their downstream target genes survivin and bcl-2 was inhibited or reduced,hence enhancing the cancer cell apoptosis.This study provides an important foundation for the development of anti-cancer Chinese folk medicine based on PAMs.

Objective To research the effect of alkylation of glycerol phosphate synthase (AGPS) in isoproterenol (ISO) induced rat cardiac hypertrophy. Methods The pathological cardiac hypertrophy rat model was constructed by ISO intraperitoneal injection. Twelve healthy Sprague-Dawley rats (120～150 g) were divided into ISO group and control group randomly. In the ISO group, rats were injected with ISO (3 mg/kg) per day for two consecutive weeks. In the control group, rats were injected with normal saline (3 mg/kg) per day for two consecutive weeks. Changes of left ventricular diastolic diameter, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular short-axis shortening rate and left ventricular mass were detected by echocardiography. The cross-sectional area of myocardial cells in rats was measured by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of hypertrophic factors [atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), myosin light chain-2V (MLC-2V), α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC)] and AGPS were detected by Western Blot and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results The results of echocardiography showed that the cardiac hypertrophy rat model was successfully constructed. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the myocardial cross-sectional area in the ISO group was significantly larger than that of the control group. The Western Blot and qPCR results indicated that the relative expression of protein and mRNA of hypertrophic factor and AGPS in the ISO group were both up-regulated comparing with that of the control group, and the differences were statistical significance (all P<0.05). Conclusions The rat model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy with up-regulated AGPS expression was successfully constructed providing a theoretical basis for further study on the role of AGPS in pathogenesis of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Objective To investigate the value of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS ) in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasia ( SPN ) before operation . Methods Forty‐six cases of SPN confirmed by operation and histopathological results from January 2012 to June 2018 were enrolled in the study . According to the European Ultrasound Association ( EFSUMB) guidelines for CEUS in 2018 ,the enhancement pattern of pancreatic lesion with normal surrounding pancreatic parenchyma was used for reference . T he enhancement pattern of SPN were observed during the arterial phase ,venous phase and delayed phase . CEUS pattern of 16 cases with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( PDAC ) with cystic changes proved by histopathology were observed and compared with SPN . Results T he mean size of 46 cases of SPN was ( 32 .72 ± 25 .51) mm . Fifteen SPN lesions located in the head of pancreas ,31 cases located in the body and tail of the pancreas . Most of SPN were solidcystic lesions with thin separation on conventional B mode ultrasoud ,without communication with the main pancreatic duct . Color flow signals could be detected in 78 .3% ( 36/46) SPN lesions . After the injection of 2 .4 ml ultrasound contrast agent , the substantial part of all SPN showed hyperenhancement ( n＝ 44 ,99 .7% ) or isoenhancement ( n ＝ 2 , 4 .3% ) during the arterial phase ,venous phase and late phase . However ,93 .8% ( 15/16 ) of the PDAC lesion with cystic changes showed consistent hypo enhancement throughout the arterial ,venous and late phase ( P ＜0 .05) . T he accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of CEUS was 95 .6% . Conclusions Depending on its unique advantages such as real‐time observation ,high‐resolution imaging ,and no radiation ,CEUS is helpful for early detection ,accurate localization and preoperative diagnosis of SPN . CEUS has potential role for clinical decision‐making before treatment .

Objective To investigate the initial clinical value of shear wave elastography ( SWE ) combined with shear wave dispersion ( SWD) in preoperatively differentiating diagnosis of focal liver lesions ( FLLs) . Methods Eighty‐three patients diagnosed as FLLs were prospectively enrolled from January to April 2018 in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University . M easurements of SWD and SWE both inner FLLs and surrounding liver parenchyma 2 cm away from the board lines of lesions were performed . ROIs were placed within the lesions and surrounding parenchyma 2 cm away from the lesions . In each ROI , measurements were performed 13 times . Histopathological results after operation were regarded as gold standard ,and the values of viscoelasticity in differentiating diagnosis of FLLs were analyzed . Results The final histopathological results showed that of all 83 cases ,20 cases were diagnosed as benign lesions ( 5 cases of focal nodular hyperplasia ,15 cases of hemangioma) ,and 63 cases as malignant lesions ( 12 cases of liver metastases ,51 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma) . T he SWE of benign lesions and malignant lesions were ( 9 .94 ± 8 .22) kPa ,and ( 13 .68 ± 7 .80) kPa( P ＜0 .05 ) . T he SWD of benign lesions and malignant lesions were ( 13 .47 ± 2 .76 ) ( m/s)/kHz ,and ( 15 .00 ± 3 .82 ) ( m/s)/kHz ( P ＜0 .05 ) . T he SWE ratio and SWD ratio of benign lesions to surrounding liver parenchyma were higher than those of malignant lesions( all P ＜

Objective:To evaluate the value of Sonazoid contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in preoperative prediction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen 67 (Ki-67) level of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by establishing predictive model based on radiomics features of Kupffer phase.Methods:From October 2020 to August 2021, patients with histologically confirmed HCC lesion and who underwent Sonazoid CEUS examination 1 week before surgery were prospectively enrolled. The radiomics signatures were extracted from the whole tumor region on gray scale images and Kupffer phase images. Two predictive radiomics models were constructed using radiomic method. The predictive performance of 2 models was compared.Results:A total of 50 patients with histologically confirmed single HCC lesions were prospectively enrolled in this study. Among them, histological results revealed 24 HCC lesions with high level representation of Ki-67 (>20%) and 26 HCC lesions with low level representation of Ki-67 (≤20%). Two radiomics predictive models were established based on gray scale images and Kupffer phase images respectively. While compared with model based on B-mode ultrasound images, model based on Kupffer phase images showed significantly higher area under receiver operating characteristic curve (0.753 vs 0.535, P=0.017), accuracy (0.720 vs 0.580, P=0.023) and sensitivity (0.458 vs 0.250, P=0.043). Calibration plot indicated that Kupffer phase model showed better consistency with the actual Ki-67 level than gray scale model. Conclusions:The radiomics model based on Kupffer phase features of Sonazoid CEUS is a preoperative and noninvasive prediction the presentation level of Ki-67 in HCC lesions.

In this study, the leukemia K562 cell line was used as a model to elucidate the anticancer effects and preliminary mechanisms of PAMs. MTT assay showed that PAMs could cause cytotoxicities in K562 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. AO-EB, Annexin-FITC/PI staining showed that the killing effects of PAMs in K562 cells were related to apoptosis, which was further confirmed by the following molecular and enzymatic assay. The mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic genes caspase-3, caspase-9 and bax were remarkably increased while the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 was significantly decreased determined by fluorescent quantitative PCR. Western blotting disclosed that PAMs could up-regulate caspase-3 and down-regulate anti-apoptotic survivin protein expression. The latter was also consistent with the results that PAMs could increase the enzymatic activities of both caspase-3 and caspase-9. All these results suggested that PAMs could effectively inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells and the mechanisms may be closely related to apoptosis induction. The work provides evidence basis for PAMs to be potentially developed as anti-cancer leukemia Chinese medicine.