Objective:To understand the prevalence of caries in the children aged 12 years in Fujian Province and to compare the influence of two kinds of dental probes examinations on caries detect rate.Methods:Based on oral health investigation of WHO and national oral health survey standards,multi-stage stratified sampling was used to randomly select 792 children in Fujian province to accept examination separately by two dental probes.Results:The prevalence of dental caries of youth aged 12 years in Fujian province has no statistical significance in different gender or between city and countryside.But the caries prevalence of female was higher than that of male when used by sharp dental probe.About 23.23% was found in different detection rates when using two dental probes.Compared to the sampling investigation of Fujian province in 2000 year,the caries prevalence has no obvious increase.Conclusion:The sharp probe has higher detection rate than CPI probe.

Objective: To compare the influence of two explorers on the enamel of artificial initial caries. Methods: Built an artificial initial caries model in vitro. Compared the influence of two explorers on the enamel of artificial initial caries. Results: 1.The holes probed by sharp explorer were deep and narrow. The holes probed by CPI explorer were shallow and wide. 2. The average strain energy produced by CPI explorer was larger than sharp explorer(Z=-2.021,P=0.043), But there was no significant difference because the strain energy produced by two explorers were in the same rate range. Conclusion: The damage on the enamel of artificial initial caries caused by sharp explorer is not larger than that caused by CPI explorer. So we suggest that the sharp explorer can still be used in sampling survey and clinical examination. But a gentle probing action is strongly recommended.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of a new drug for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), ticagrelor in treating the patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and to compare the effect between ticagrelor and clopidogrel in order to obtain the prospective information of ticagrelor in clinical practice.
Methods: A total of 307 STEMI patients were divided into 2 groups, Treatment group, the patients received ticagrelor with aspirin, n=157 and Control group, the patients received clopidogrel with aspirin, n=150. With a period of treatment, the major adverse cardiac events (MACE), rate of thrombosis re-formation and routine blood test result were compared between 2 groups.
Results: Treatment group presented the better LVDD, LVEF, platelet level and ST-segment recovery than those in Control group, P<0.05 or P<0.01. Treatment group showed slightly higher rate of side effect such as dififcult breathing and bleeding, while those reaction did not affect the treatment or special management for the patients.
Conclusion: The clinical effect of ticagrelor is similar to clopidogre for improving the platelet level and cardiac function in STEMI patients, while the clinical advantage reported in abroad should be further studied.

Objective To explore the characteristics of attenuated plaque (AP) in culprit lesions for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in elderly patients.Methods This study included 166 ACS patients meeting the conditions from Jan.1, 2013 to Sep.31, 2014.Clinical data, vascular lesions determined by coronary angiography and intravenous ultrasound (IVUS)-demonstrated characteristics of culprit plaque, which included presence of AP, maximum attenuation arc, extravascular elastic membrane area, lumen area, plaque area, plaque burden and remodeling index, were recorded.Results Compared with non-elderly group, elderly group had a higher proportion of multiple coronary-artery lesions (50.0％ vs.35.1％, x2=6.525, P =0.038), more attenuation plaques (62.0 ％ vs.45.9％, x2 =4.245, P=0.039), a larger maximum attenuation arc[(142±80)° vs.(115±54)°, t=5.254, P=0.000], larger plaque area[(14.2±3.9)mm2 vs.(12.3 ± 4.1) mm2, t=2.325, P=0.022], more plaque burden [(81.1±14.2)％ vs.(76.4±13.5)％, t=2.025, P=0.042] and higher remodeling index [(1.19±0.17) vs.(1.09±0.13), t=4.245, P=0.031].Conclusions The onset of ACS is more closely related with the unstable plaque in elderly patients, and strengthening the measures for plaque stabilization will be helpful in the prevention and treatment of ACS in the elderly.

Objective To explore the value of minute ventilation recovery time (VERT) as a weaning predictor in mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A prospective study was performed from March 2008 to July 2012.Fifty-two COPD patients under mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours in our RICU tolerated a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and were ready for planned extubation.After SBT,these patients were placed back on their pre-SBT ventilator settings for up to 25 minutes,during which VERT was obtained.VERT was defined as the time for minute ventilation to return to baseline measured before SBT.Respiratory rate,tidal volume,minute ventilation and respiratory rate/tidal volume ratio were also obtained before SBT and just after SBT.Arterial blood gas data were measured and recorded before weaning.According to the weaning outcome,the patients were classified as successful group (40 cases) or failed group (12 cases).VERT and other quantitative variables were compared using t test.A multiple logistic regression was performed to explore possible factors associated with the weaning outcome.The sensitivity and specificity of VERT for predictive capacity in weaning were assessed using ROC cure.Results VERT and respiratory rate after SBT were significantly different between two groups.Multiple logistic regression revealed that VERT was the only predictor associated with weaning outcome (b =0.282,P ＜0.001).The area under ROC curve for VERT was 0.957 (95％ CI:O.907-1.008).With a cut-off value of 10.5 minutes,the sensitivity and specificity of VERT for predicting weaning failure were 1.0 and 0.85,respectively.Conclusions VERT may be a new predictor for extubation and determination of mechanical ventilation weaning in patients with COPD.VERT is a variable to be easily measured thereby being conveniently used in clinical practice.

Objective To observe the effect of renal denervation (RDN) on the cardiac oxidative stress and sympathetic nerve remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) in canine. Methods Canine (n=18) were randomly divided into three groups: Sham operation group (SHAM group, n=6), MI group (n=6), MI+RDN group (n=6). Anterior myocardial infarction was gained by gelatin sponge embolization of the left anterior descending artery. At four weeks post-MI, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were examined using echocardiography. Immunohistochemical assay was used to analyze the distribution and density of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) stained nerve fibers at peri-infarct zone. Myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialde?hyde (MDA) were also assessed. Results Compared with dogs in SHAM group, LVEF and SOD expression were decreased in MI group and MI+RDN group (P<0.05), but Left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LVEDV, LVESV, MDA and rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers were increased (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers and SOD level (rs=-0.818,P<0.05) and a positive correlation between rate of TH positive stain?ing nerve fibers with MDA level (rs=0.900,P<0.05). By contract, compared with MI group, LVEF and SOD in MI +RDN group were increased (P<0.05), while LVEDV, LVESV, MDA and rate of TH positive staining nerve fibers were significant?ly lowered (P<0.05). Conclusion RDN is effective to decrease the level of cardiac oxidative stress and improve cardiac sympathetic nerve remodeling and heart function after myocardial infarction in canine.

Objective To explore the effects of renal denervation (RDN) on hypothalamus angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ) and oxidative stress in myocardial infarction (MI) dogs. Methods Eighteen mongrel dogs were randomly divided into MI group (n=6), RDN group (n=6) and sham operation group (n=6). Myocardial infarction model was made in the former two groups by gelatin sponge embolization of the left anterior descending artery. One week after MI, RDN was given to dogs in RDN group. Levels of AngⅡ, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and expression of gp91phox protein were detected four weeks after MI. Results Compared with control group, hypothalamus AngⅡ, MDA and expression of gp91phox protein were increased in MI group (P<0.01), but SOD was decreased (P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between AngⅡand SOD activity in MI group (r=-0.849, P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between AngⅡ and expression of gp91phox protein in MI group (r=0.950, P<0.01). Compared with MI group, hypothalamus AngⅡ, MDA and expression of gp91phox protein were decreased in RDN group (P<0.01), but SOD was increased (P<0.01). Conclusion RDN can de?crease the level of hypothalamus AngⅡand the level of hypothalamus oxidative stress, and improve heart function of MI dogs.

Objective To investigate the ability of different standards on the evaluation of vascular invasion of pancreatic carcinoma. Methods The MSCT imagings of 56 cases of pancreatic carcinoma confirmed by surgery were analyzed retrospectively. The vascular invasion degrees of 5 large vessels around the pancreas were evaluated according to Loyer classification standard, Lu classification standard and the Changhai standard, the surgical result was used as the gold standard. The accuracy of different standards was evaluated, and the Kappa coefficient were calculated. Results The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Loyer classification standard were 86.79%, 86.27%, 86.90%, 59.46% and 96.60%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.623. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Lu classification standard were 93.21%, 84.31%, 95.20%, 79.63% and 96.46%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.777. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Changhai standard were 95.36%, 84.31%, 97.82%, 89.58% and 96.55%, respectively. The Kappa coefficient was 0.841. Conclusions The Changhai standard was feasible to evaluate the vascular invasion of pancreatic carcinoma.

There is autonomic nerve dysfunction after cervical spinal cord injury. Fluctuation of blood pressure and heart rate was found as orthostatic hypotension and bradycardia.

Objective To investigate the value of electronic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of children respiratory diseases. Methods The electronic bronchoscopy results in 400 children with respiratory disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 400 children, there were 246 cases with simple endobronchial inflammation, 67 cases with bronchial malacia, 38 cases with bronchial stenosis, 23 cases with bronchial foreign , 4 cases with tracheal bronchus, 4 cases with epiglottic cyst, 3 cases with bronchiectasis, 3 cases with endobronchial granulation, 3 cases with laryngomalacia, 2 cases with vascular ring compression of the trachea, 2 cases with laryngeal web, 1 case with subglottic cyst, 1 case with subglottic neoplasm, 1 case with tracheoesophageal fistula, 1 case with bronchial atresia (left) and 1 case with trachea cyst. All the children had no serious complications. Conclusions Electronic bronchoscopy can effectively improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of children' s respiratory system disease, and it is worth of clinical promotion.