Objective To establish the rat overlap syndrome (OS) model of intermittent hypoxia (IH) combined with pulmonary emphysema and to explore its connection with hepatic oxidative stress, inflammatory status in the live and coagu?lation profile. Methods Male Wistar rats (n=60) were randomly divided into four groups:control group (A), IH group (B), pulmonary emphysema group (C) and OS group (D). The rat model of pulmonary emphysema was established by exposing rats in smoke for 16 weeks. From the 13th week, pre-programmed intermittent hypoxia/re-oxygenation (IH/ROX) exposure was given in the meantime of smoke exposure in OS group. Liver tissues were sectioned or triturated for pathological scoring or for detecting expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) respectively. Se?rum levels of coagulant/anticoagulant factors such as antithrombin (AT), fibrinogen (FIB), von Willebrand factor(vWF) and FactorⅧ(FⅧ) were also evaluated using biochemistry analysis. Results The levels of pathological scores and coagulant factors(FIB, FⅧ:C and vWF:Ag)were significantly higher in group D than those in group A, B and C. The values of SOD, CAT and AT were significantly lower in group D than those in other three groups. Serum levels of FIB, vWF:Ag, FⅧ:C and AT:A correlated with SOD(r equal to-0.905、-0.941、-0.946 and 0.817 respective,P<0.01). Conclusion In rat overlap syndrome when IH combined with pulmonary emphysema, hepatic inflammation and coagulability present mutual promotion effect and produce a more significant liver-derivative inflammatory and prothrombotic status.

Objective To find out the physical state of the human papillomavirus ( HPV) genome in hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells and the regulation of HPV late capsid protein 1 ( L1) expression and to explore the nature of the cytoryctes in HepG2 cells.Methods E2 and E6 in HPV18 were detected by PCR to evaluate the physical state of HPV18 genome .HepG2 L1 expression was detected by ELISA , light microscropy and electron microscrope immu-nohistochemistry assays , Western blot assay using HPV L 1 mice monoclonal antibody .L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells was detected by reverse transcriptional PCR ( RT-PCR) .Results PCR assay displayed that HPV DNA was inte-grated with HepG2 genome.ELISA assay showed that HPV L1 was present in lysate of HepG2 cells.Light micros-cropy demonstrated strong positive reaction in HepG2 cells.In microscopy, in the cytoplasm of partial HepG2 cells, there were lumpish cytorrhyctes materials which consists of very small and uniform particles and these parti -cles were marked by HPV L1 antibody labeled by colloidal gold .Western blot analysis showed a band at 56 ku dis-trict and it was L1 specific strap which demonstrated HPV 18 L1 was present in HepG2 cells.RT-PCR assay demon-strated the presence of L1 mRNA in HepG2 cells.Conclusions HepG2 cells are HPV18-positive HPV DNA ge-nome is integrated with HepG2 cells.HepG2 cells can express L1.The cytorrhyctes in HepG2 cells are composed of HPV18 L1 indicating that L1 can be expressed in HepG2.

Objective To evaluate two different MRI techniques , enhanced 3D STIR SPACE and unidirectionally-encoded DWIBS MR Neurography in visualizing the brachial plexus.Methods Twenty healthy volunteers underwent MR scanning by the procedures of unidirectionally -encoded DWIBS and enhanced 3D STIR SPACE sequence of the brachial plexus.Original images were reconstructed with coronal maximum intensity projection ( MIP ).The image quality was assessed by comparing the visualization of various parts of the brachial plexus and the suppression ratio of image background.The degree of visualization was compared via χ2-test of paired data , and comparison of background suppression scores was performed using a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank sum test.Results The successful rate of visualizing the brachial plexus supraclavicular section ( C5-T1 ) was 84% ( 167/200 ) and 99% ( 198/200 ) , respectively, for the DWIBS and enhanced 3D STIR SPACE, and the rate for the infraclavicular section was 33%( 13/40 ) and 95% ( 38/40 ).The differences between these two techniques were statistically significant (χ2 value was 28.18 and 31.15 respectively, P <0.01).In all images, the scores of grade (Ⅰ-Ⅳ) of background suppression were 0, 0, 4 and 16 for unidirectionally-encoded DWIBS, respectively;while they were 15, 4, 1 and 0 for enhanced 3D STIR SPACE.There was significant difference between the two techniques ( Z =3.96,P <0.01).Conclusions High-quality MR neurography of the brachial plexus can be obtained using the enhanced 3D STIR SPACE sequence.It offers a complete anatomical coverage of the brachial plexus , and thus demonstrates a better capacity in depicting the anatomy of brachial plexus as compared with the unidirectionally-encoded DWIBS.

Objective To assess the relationship between gastric carcinoma perfusion imaging parameters with the multislice spi-ral CT (MSCT)and the tumor angiogenesis(MVD,VEGF).Methods (1)33 patients with gastric cancer were carried on perfusion CT scanning in the suspected lesions,and compared with operation and histological result.MSCT perfusion parameters tumor,such as local blood flow (BF),blood volume (BV),mean transit time of contrast agent (MTT),permeability surface (PS),were recor-ded,and compared with clinical pathological data.(2)27 patients of 33 cases which CT perfusion plane matching with operation pa-thology specimens performed with tumor microvessel density (MVD),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)monoclonal anti-body immunohistochemical examination of MVD,the most intensive areas of high power (×200 HP)field counted,and VEGF stai-ning positive judged.Results Achievement ratio of gastric carcinoma MSCT perfusion imaging was 84.85% (28/33).The average value of BF,BV,MTT and PS were 63.658 ± 18.305,7.5 1 1 ± 2.427,1 1.952 ± 4.325 and 31.81 7 ± 13.533,respectively,and MVD was 37.7 ± 11.1/200 HP (range:13-60).VEGF was positive in 16 cases,negative in 11 cases.Gastric carcinoma undifferentiated group perfusion parameter PS value (35.1 5 ± 12.74 )and MVD (40.53 ± 10.66 )were higher than the differentiation group (23.90 ± 12.71 and 31.13 ± 9.82 )(P < 0.05 ),but BF,BV,MTT not statistically significant;Differences of CT perfusion parameters and MVD were not significant statistically between invasive serosa and noninvasive ;PS value (36.65± 12.80)of lymph node metastasis was greater than without metastasis(22.70 ± 1 1.1 5 )(P <0.01 ),the other was no significant difference;TNM staging Ⅲ,Ⅳ phase group of BF value (69.56 ± 1 6.49),PS value (34.90 ± 12.80)and MVD value (40.74 ± 10.53)were higher than Ⅰ,Ⅱ Group (49.63 ± 1 5.04),(24.50 ± 13.13)and (30.63 ± 9.61)(P <0.01).Spearman correla-tion analysis in confidence (two tails)of 0.01 was statistically significant between MVD in tumor tissues and gastric cancer MSCT perfusion parameters of BF (r=0.404)and MTT (r=0.371),whereas BV and PS were no significance.The regression equation of MVD with BF and MTT:MVD =1 6.602+0.1 50XBF +0.967XMTT,model checking of F values was 6.62,P =0.003.Conclusion The gastric carcinoma multi-slice CT perfusion imaging parameters BF,MTT and MVD,VEGF(+)was positive correlation, MSCT perfusion imaging parameters reflects tumor VEGF positive expression of gastric carcinoma.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical feasibility and image quality of three-dimensional breath-hold gradient and spin-echo (3D BH-GRASE) sequence in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).Methods:In this prospective study, 59 patients with clinically suspected pancreaticobiliary duct disease performed MRCP with both 3D BH-GRASE and 3D respiration-triggered turbo spin-echo (3D RT-TSE) sequences on 3.0 T scanner in the Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University from November 2017 to December 2018. The overall image quality was scored independently by 3 experienced radiologists based on the visibility of different anatomical features of the pancreaticobiliary duct. For comparing the 2 sequences, the statistical difference in scan time was assessed with a paired t test; while subjective scores, signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), contrast ratios (CR) and contrast noise ratios (CNR) were compared with Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results:The scan time of 3D BH-GRASE sequence was 16.4 s while that of 3D RT-TSE was (258.6±42.2) s. Their difference was statistically significant ( t=44.073, P<0.001), with the scan time for 3D BH-GRASE shortened by 94%. The overall quality scores of 3D BH-GRASE images were better than those of 3D RT-TSE ( Z=-6.595, P<0.001). There was no statistical difference ( P>0.05) in the scores regarding the visibility of the upper, middle and lower parts of common bile duct and the first and second branches of left and right hepatic ducts. For visualizing the bottom, body, neck and duct of gallbladder, the 3D BH-GRASE sequence received a higher score than the 3D RT-TSE sequence ( P<0.001). For displaying the proximal, middle and distal segments of main pancreatic duct, the 3D RT-TSE sequence was scored higher than the 3D BH-GRASE sequence ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference of SNR between the two sequences ( Z=0.403, P=0.687), whereas CR and CNR of 3D RT-TSE MRCP were better than those of 3D BH-GRASE MRCP ( Z=6.215, P<0.001 and Z=3.046, P=0.002, respectively). Conclusion:Under the prerequisite of ensuring image quality, a proper use of 3D BH-GRASE sequence can significantly shorten the scan time and thus greatly improve the working efficiency of MRCP examination.

PURPOSE: Details of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in mainland China are lacking. To improve disease control and reduce economic burden, a large sample survey among this patient population is indispensable. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of such patients.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation in 29 hospitals of 29 regions in mainland China during the period 2013 to 2014. Demographic features, pre-admission conditions, exacerbation details, and outcomes were summarized. Risk factors for exacerbation severity were analyzed.RESULTS: There were 3,240 asthmatic patients included in this study (57.7% females, 42.3% males). Only 28.0% used daily controller medications; 1,287 (39.7%) patients were not currently on inhaled corticosteroids. Acute upper airway infection was the most common trigger of exacerbation (42.3%). Patients with severe to life-threatening exacerbation tended to have a longer disease course, a smoking history, and had comorbidities such as hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and food allergy. The multivariate analysis showed that smoking history, comorbidities of hypertension, COPD, and food allergy were independent risk factors for more severe exacerbation. The number of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation varied with seasons, peaking in March and September. Eight patients died during the study period (mortality 0.25%).CONCLUSIONS: Despite enhanced education on asthma self-management in China during recent years, few patients were using daily controller medications before the onset of their exacerbation, indicating that more educational efforts and considerations are needed. The findings of this study may improve our understanding of hospital admission for asthma exacerbation in mainland China and provide evidence for decision-making.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Asthma ; China ; Comorbidity ; Disease Progression ; Education ; Female ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Inpatients ; Medication Adherence ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seasons ; Self Care ; Smoke ; Smoking