Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis,and is common in older gallstones patients.It lacks the typical clinical presentation,so preoperative diagnosis is very difficult.The best diagnostic modality now is abdominal CT scan.Surgery is the most important and useful treatment.According to patient' s own situation,choose individualized surgical approach.Endoscopic,laparoscopic and other minimally invasive treatment are promising.With the development of related technologies,it maybe increased of the gollstone ileus treatment.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 )analogue combined with isulin for treating obese or overweight type 2 diabetes.Methods 40 cases with obese or overweight type 2 diabetic patients( body mass index(BMI) ≥24) who have previously used human insulin,and experienced poor glycemic control( ≥7.5％ ) were selected.They were randomly divided into two groups.A group treated by GLP-1 analogue liraglutide plus insulin,and B group by continuous adjustment of insulin.12 weeks later,fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG),hemoglobin A 1 C (HbA1c),body weight were observed and the incidence of hypoglycemia,insulin dosage were recorded.Results Weight and insulin dosage of group A was significantly lower than those of group B after treatment 12 week( t =2.738,2.865,all P ＜ 0.01 ).Numbers of hypoglycemia events were 6 in group A(30％ ),and 9 in group B(45％ ),but there was no statistical significance between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The addition of liraglutide to insulin in patients with obese or overweight type 2 diabetes is associated with reductions in weight and insulin dosage,without increase risk of hypoglycemia.This treatment proved effective and safe.

To obtain fusion protein of Mycobacterium bovis with high purity, the recombinant prokaryotic expression vector for Mb2277 gene was constructed and the immunogenicity of its products was initially investigated in the present study.A pair of primer was designed according the gene sequence Mb2277 from the genomic DNA of M.Bovis in GenBank. and was amplified by PCR using DNA of M.Bovis 93006 strain as template. The PCR product and pET-28a(+) was then digested by BamHⅠ and EcoR Ⅰdouble enzyme. To constructed a prokaryotic expression plasmid, the purified Mb2277 was cloned to pET28a(+). Then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into competent cell of E.coli BL21(DE3).The bacteria were induced by IPTG and its lysates were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting. In this way, the prokaryotic expression plasmid for M. bovis Mb 2277 protin was obtained, and a expression band with molecular of 25 ku could be found in SDS-PAGE analysis. As demonstrated by Western blotting this expression product showed excellent reactivity with rabbit immune sera against M. bovis.

Ulnar styloid fractures are commonly associated with distal radius fractures.It remains a surgical dilemma whether to fix the ulnar styloid or not.Some surgeons believe that management of the ulnar styloid fractures is imperative while others feel that they should be managed conservatively.Several clinical studies have concluded that the ulnar styloid fractures have no impact on the anatomic,radiographic,or functional results when accompanied with a distal radius fracture.Others have found they are associated with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability,concomitant triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear,decreased range of motion,or decreased grip strength in the affected wrist.The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effect of associated ulnar styloid fractures on the distal radius fractures and to discuss the treatment of ulnar styloid fractures.

Objective To establish a human HepG2 cell growth model under the low oxygen environment induced by cobalt chloride in order to observe the impacts of human HepG2 cell proliferation,cellular cycles and apoptosis,namely cellular growth conditions,under the low oxygen environment induced by cobalt chloride with different concentrations and to study the HepG2 cell growth mechanism under the low oxygen environment induced by cobalt chloride.Methods The human HepG2 cells in the logarithmic phase were randomized grouping as control group and CoCl2 experimental group with different concentrations (50 μm/L,100 μm/L,150 μm/L and 200 μm/L).① HepG2 cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay to calculate cell's suppression rate and draw HepG2 cell growth inhibition curves.② The move ability of HepG2 cells was observed by scratch test.③ The cellular apoptosis and periodic changes were detected using the flow cytometer Annexin-V FITC/PI double-staining and PI single staining methods.④HepG2 cell's Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and Bcl-2 protein expression were detected by Western Blot.Results ① The test results obtained via MTT assay showed that CoCl2 suppressed the human HepG2 cell proliferation within a certain amount of time and concentration and presented a time-dose dependent relation.② Scratch damage trial suggested that the cobalt chloride suppressed the HepG2 cell migration and wound repair capacity and presented a concentration dependent relation.③ Flow cytometer' s test results revealed that the apoptosis rates (％) in control group and experimental group with different concentrations (50 μm/L,100 μm/L,150 μm/L and 200 μm/L) were 3.42,7.74,13.07,20.56,28.53 and 44.45 (P ＜0.05),respectively.The apoptosis rate of the experimental group was significantly increased compared with the control group,as well as showing a concentration dependency.The results of cellular cycles revealed that the cobalt chloride significantly suppressed the HepG2 cell's periodic changes along with increases of concentration,as well as blocked the cell cycle staying in phase G1,thereby suppressing cell proliferation.④Western Blot test:Compared with the control group,the Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly decreased in the experimental group after treatment of cobalt chloride with different concentrations.Conclusion Within a certain range,CoC12-indiuced low oxygen environment can suppress the human HepG2 cell proliferation and healing migration capacity,induce apoptosis and present a time-dose dependent relation.The mechanism is likely associated with decreases of Bcl-2 protein expression.

Objective Decline in cognitive function caused by diabetes has become a research hotpots.The article aims to explore the relationship between serums regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted(RANTES) and cognitive dysfunction of newly diognosed T2DM patients, and provide a new way of prevention and treatment for newly diagnosed T2DM patients with cognitive dysfunction.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the general information and clinical biochemical indexes of the 123 patients who were first diagnosed of T2DM from March 2015 to September 2016 in Tangshan Worker''s Hospital.The levels of serum RANTES were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the cognitive function of all patients was assessed by Mini-mental State Examinatlon(MMSE)and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsyehologic Status(RBANS).Finally, newly diognosed T2DM patients were divided into T2DM non-cognitive disorder group and T2DM cognitive disorder group according to the MMSE score.We analyzed whether there are differences among general information,serum RANTES level and RBANS cognitive function score of two group patients.The correlations of RANTES with general information and cognitive scores were analyzed by single factor correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results ①The level of serum RANTESin T2DM cognitive disorder group[(2.62±0.37)mmol/L] was significantly higher compared to that in T2DM noncognitive disorder group[(2.29±0.36)mmol/L], and there was significant difference(P<0.001).②The instant memory,visual span,attention,delayed memory score and RBANS score of T2DM cognitive disorder group were(70.90±14.71)、(92.90±15.50)、(87.80±16.45)、(88.02±14.28)、(82.92±11.07), which were significant declined compared to those of T2DM non-cognitive disorder group [(85.28±13.97),(104.18±12.69),(101.51±12.94),(96.42±10.30),(95.84±9.94)], and there was significant difference (P≤0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups′ verbal function score [(96.08±7.87),(99.31±9.83)] (P=0.056).③The RANTES was negatively correlated with the total score of instant memory, visual span, verbal function, delayed memory score and RBANS score in T2DM patients(the valuue of r were-3.48、-2.35、-2.01、-3.02、-4.17).Conclusion There was a significant correlation between serum RANTES level and cognitive dysfunction, and elevated serum RANTES level could be used as an important indicator for monitoring newly diognosed T2DM patients with cognitive dysfunction.

Objective:To meet the individualized needs of residents in standardized residency training of cardiac intervention specialty for cardiac ultrasound teaching, to construct a bionic 3D printing model of ultrasound source, and to discuss its application value in ultrasound teaching and simulation exercises.Methods:Sixty residents majored in cardiovascular medicine receiving standardized residency training of ultrasound in ultrasound imaging department of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were randomized into experimental group and control group in average. The experimental group adopted ultrasound bionic 3D printing heart model combined with problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional multimedia PPT combined with PBL teaching method. At the end of teaching activities, theoretical examination, operation assessment and questionnaire survey were conducted to evaluate and compare the teaching effect between the two groups. SPSS 21.0 software was performed for t test. Results:The theoretical examination scores of the experimental group and the control group were (81.4±8.2) points and (74.8±9.4) points, respectively, P=0.002, and the operation assessment scores were (89.1±5.6) points and (71.5±8.8) points, respectively, P<0.001. The questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group had better feedbacks than the control group in the aspects of mastery of heart anatomy knowledge, learning experience, learning interest, learning efficiency, understanding of interventional heart disease, clinical skills of interventional operation and overall satisfaction (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound bionic 3D printing combined with PBL teaching method can help strengthen the mastery of cardiac anatomy knowledge, promote the learning experience of cardiac ultrasound and improve the skills of interventional operation. The teaching effect is significant and the students' satisfaction is high.

Objective To observe clinical efficacy and safety on the treatment of moderate-severe cancer pain by Fluvoxamine combined with Oxycodone. Methods 120 cancer patients with moderate pain and 120 cases with severe pain were selected, randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group were given oxycodone alone , and experimental group given fluvoxamine combined with oxycodone , till the pain relieved, then the degree of pain relief, oxycodone dosage, life quality and side effects were evaluated. Results The degree of pain relief in experimental group were much better than control group (P < 0.05). Oxycodone consumption were lower in experimental group than control group , and the difference was no significant difference in controlling moderate pain (P = 0.065), while statistically significant in controlling severe pain (P = 0.035). The general status, daily activity, mood, and sleep affected by cancer pain were released after treatment, especially in experimental group (P < 0.05). The most common side effects were approximative, and the incidence of constipation, nausea/vomiting, lethargy were lower in experimental group than control group (P =0.026). Conclusion Fluvoxamine combined with Oxycodone can effectively control moderate-severe cancer pain, and reduce the oxycodone dosage and some side effects, and therefore, improve the quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the anti-human CEM lymphoma cell activities induced by TCR idiotypic DNA vaccine containing different antigen determinants in BALB/c mice.

METHODSThe specific rearranged gene fragment encoding TCRVbeta region of CEM cell line was obtained by RT-PCR technique. The PCR product was cloned into eukaryocytic expression vector pcDNA3, which was used as DNA vaccine and template for PCR amplifying different antigen determinant. Gene fragments encoding different antigen determinant were amplified and cloned into pcDNA3, separately. The experimental mice were immunized by intramuscular injection of the DNA vaccines. The specific anti-idiotype antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay.

RESULTSTCRbetaV of CEM cell line contains five antigen determinants. Specific anti-idiotype antibody was detected in all of the six mice immunized with DNA vaccine containing all the five determinants (the highest titer was 1:480). Although the antibody could also be detected in four of the six mice immunized with DNA vaccine containing four of the five antigen determinants, the antibody titer was lower (the highest titer was 1:80). DNA vaccine containing two of the five determinants could not induce the specific antibody.

CONCLUSIONThe idiotypic DNA vaccine containing the whole TCRbetaV five antigen determinants could induce the specific anti-lymphoma idiotypic antibody in BALB/c mice.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic ; blood ; immunology ; Base Sequence ; Complementarity Determining Regions ; genetics ; immunology ; Epitopes ; genetics ; immunology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Vaccines, DNA ; genetics ; immunology

Recent studies have highlighted spatially resolved multi-omics technologies,including spatial genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,as powerful tools to decipher the spatial heterogeneity of the brain.Here,we focus on two major approaches in spatial transcriptomics(next-generation sequencing-based technologies and image-based technologies),and mass spectrometry imaging tech-nologies used in spatial proteomics and spatial metabolomics.Furthermore,we discuss their applications in neuroscience,including building the brain atlas,uncovering gene expression patterns of neurons for special behaviors,deciphering the molecular basis of neuronal communication,and providing a more comprehensive explanation of the molecular mechanisms underlying central nervous system disorders.However,further efforts are still needed toward the integrative application of multi-omics technologies,including the real-time spatial multi-omics analysis in living cells,the detailed gene profile in a whole-brain view,and the combination of functional verification.