Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 306 patients with coronary heart disease in four third-grade and A-level hospitals extacted by convenient sampling method were surveyed.Project analysis,exploratory factor analysis,correlation analysis and so on were applied to analyze and select items.Then the Cronbach's alpha coefficient,test-retest reliability,and content validity of the scale were tested.Then the original system was modified and the eventual system was formed.Results The scale was consisted of 8 first-dimensions and 35 indexes.The Cronbach's α of the total system was 0.832,and the α of subscales were from 0.629 to 0.882.The test-retest reliability of the total system was 0.966,and the testretest reliability of subscales were from 0.848 to 0.942.The S-CVI/Ave of system was 0.99,and the S-CVI/UA of indexes was 0.91.The Pearson correlation coefficient of the indexes with their dimensions were from 0.574 to 0.916,which were higher than the coefficient of the indexes with other dimensions.Factor analysis supported the eight-factor structure of the system,which could explain 65.61％ of the total variance and the factor loading of each index were from 0.430 to 0.938.Conclusions The system is reliable and valid,and can provide a unified reference standard for effect evaluation of health education of coronary heart disease.

Objective To establish a scientific,standard and comprehensive effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease.Methods Based on KABP (knowledge,attitude,belief,practice,KABP) model of health education,the effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease was formulated by documentary analysis,qualitative research,questionnaire survey,Delphi method,and analytic hierarchy process.Results The authoritative coefficient,determination coefficient and familiarity coefficient was 0.89,0.91,0.86,respectively.The coordination coefficients of the first-dimension and the second-dimension were 0.295 and 0.302,respectively.The index system consisted of 6 first-dimensions,45 second-dimensions.The weight coefficient of health knowledge,health belief,health behavior,physical signs,quality of life,and satisfaction degree of health education was 0.153 8,0.153 8,0.366 1,0.086 3,0.153 8,0.086 3,respectively.Conclusions The effect evaluation index system for health education of coronary heart disease is reliable and valid,which can provide a quantitative basis for effect evaluation of health education.

Objective To assess the effect of aortic valve replacement (AVR) on left ventricular (LV) twist function in severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by speckle tracking imaging (STI).Methods Twenty-eight severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients (17 male,age 64.1 ± 10.4 years) with normal LVEF (≥50％) were examined by STI before and six months after AVR.The standard mitral valve and apical short-axis views were obtained to analyze LV basal and apical peak systolic rotation.LV peak systolic twist was calculated as the different between apical rotation and basal rotation.LV fractional shortening (LVFS) was calculated as the percentage fall of LV systolic dimension with respect to diastolic dimension.The data were compared with 28 age and sex-matched normal controls.Results In patients,LVEF remained unchanged after AVR.LV twist increased before (19.7° ± 5.7° vs 12.9° ± 3.2°,P ＜0.001) because of increased apical rotation (13.0° ± 5.8° vs 7.6° ± 2.6°,P ＜0.001),and normalized after AVR (14.4°± 5.2°,P ＜0.001).In controls,LV twist correlated with LVFS (r =0.81,P ＜ 0.001),this relationship was reversed in patients before (r =0.52,P ＜0.01) and after AVR (r =0.34,P ＞0.05).Conclusions In patients with severe AS and normal LVEF,LV twist is exaggerated suggesting potential compensation for reduced long axis function.These disturbances normalize within six months of AVR but lose their relationship with basal LV function.

Objective To study the changes of life span and pathology in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-G93A mice after intracardiac transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).Methods hMSCs were isolated from bone marrow cells obtained from healthy donors and cultured.The purity and morphology were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM).hMSCs (3×10~6) resuspended in 0.2 ml DMEM was injected into the heart of 8 week-old SOD1-G93A mice.In non-transplantion control SOD1-G93A mice, only DMEM was injected.The mice were evaluated for signs of motor deficit with 4-point scoring system previously described by Weydt et al.The age of onset and life span in mice were assessed.The pathological change including number of motor neurons was investigated by Nissl staining.Immunofluorescence staining with specific human nuclear antibody was used to confirm the transplant of hMSCs in mice.Results The onset symptoms in untreated SOD1-G93A mice appeared at (156.56±3.60) days of age and the average life span was (188.32±3.51) days.hMSCs transplantation delayed the onset of ALS type symptoms about 16 days (x~2=10.888, P=0.001) and prolonged the life span about 14 days compared to the untreated SOD1-G93A littermates((202.19±4.09) days vs (188.32±3.51) days, x~2=3.917, P=0.04).The loss of motor neurons in untreated mice was earlier and more severe than in hMSCs transplanted mice.At 20 weeks, the number of motor neurons in transplanted mice was significantly higher than those in untreated mice.Human specific nuclear antigen in brain and spinal cord was detected in transplanted SOD1-G93A mice.Conclusion hMSCs can be implanted for a long-term into central nervous system by intracardiac transplantation and the transplantation can prolong life span, and delay the onset of the disease and motor neuron loss in SOD1-G93A mice.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of human soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) after heart valve replacement.Methods 78 cases of patients with heart valve replacement in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2005 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects,who were divided into embolic group and control group,38 cases in embolic group and 40 cases in control group,the index of two groups 1 d preoperative,while dynamic monitoring international standardization ratio (INR) and embolism,were detected,of which INR and sEPCR were examined.The INR and sEPCR oftwo groups was compared with t test.Results The INR and sEPCR of two groups 1 d preoperative had no significant difference (1.24±0.32 vs 1.23±0.19,34.91±9.14 μg/L vs 35.56±10.22 μg/L;t=0.17,P =0.868;t=0.30,P=0.768,respectively).The average value of dynamic monitoring INR in control group had no significant difference when compared with the results of embolism (1.86±0.95 vs 1.93±0.97,t=0.32,P=0.748).But the sEPCR had significant difference (101.33±27.15 μg/L vs 41.67±11.82 μg/L,t=12.69,P=0.000).Conclusion The important indexes of sEPCR could effectively guide the anticoagulant treatment,especially those who with the sEPCR value too high,the embolic threatening should be paid attention to.

Objective To report a pedigree with late-onset Pompe' s disease complicated with cerebral vascular diseases as to summarize their clinical,pathological and molecular genetic characteristics.Methods We investigated the clinical and pathological data of the two affected siblings with late-onset Pompe' s disease complicated with cerebral vascular diseases.All the 5 members of this pedigree accepted the GAA gene analysis.ResultsBoth affected siblings had progressive pelvic girdle muscle weakness from young adult age,and recently developed vertigo and ataxia.Brain imaging of them revealed multiple cerebral hemorrhage,infarction and diffuse ischemic white matter lesions.The brother had multiple aneurysms and stenoses of cerebral arteries revealed by brain CTA.However,his sister was only found to have multi-beaded stenoses of cerebral arteries.The muscle pathology of the brother showed typical vacuolar degeneration and glycogen storage in muscle fibers. The GAA enzyme activity of 2 siblings were dramatically lower than normal.A heterozygous 19 bp-deletion (c.1388-c.1406,exon 9) were found in GAA gene in the 2 siblings and their healthy mother. Conclusions Cerebrovascular involvement should be a special phenotype of Pompe' s disease.A novel heterozygous mutation c.1388del19 in GAA gene was found in this pedigree,but the relationship between the mutation and the rare clinical phenotype needs further study.

Objective To explore the current status of radiation protection in interventional procedure and to analyze the existent problems.Methods Using the random sampling,70 interventional radiology workplaces were selected from Hangzhou,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Shaoxing and Jinhua.Information on personal radiation protective products and equipment was collected by filling out the form by hospital and the radiation dose was monitored at various body parts of the workers and at the outside of the operating room.Results All hospitals have been equipped with personal radiation protective products and equipment,22 of which were not with these products and equipment as required.Chest,abdomen and lower limb of interventional radiology workers are easy to receive higher radiation dose than in head (F =4.85,4.92,P ＜ 0.05).The acceptance rates among different body parts of the workers were difference significantly (x2 =35.14,14.92,P ＜ 0.05).Using protective curtain can reduce the radiation dose significantly (t =11.61-68.28,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,it also can improve the acceptance rates significantly (x2 =6.09-28.45,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the use of radiation protection equipment among interventional radiology workers to reduce the levels of the individual doses to them.Hospitals must enhance the routine monitoring for improved radiaton protection.

Objective To explore whether the use of spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) can supply additional information with respect to conventional fetal echocardiography in the prenatal diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection(TAPVC).Methods Twenty-five cases diagnosed as TAPVC received fetal echocardiography examination.Four-dimensional volumes from 19 cases of suspected TAPVC were compared to conventional echocardiography.Echocardiographic characteristics were compared with the results of postnatal work-up and pathology.Results TAPVC was found in 25 cases by fetal echocardiography,four cases were isolated TAPVC,21 TAPVC had associated cardiac anomalies.Among them,nine cases were supracardiac types,six cases were infracardiac types,nine cases were intracardiac types and one was indefinite.Three true positivecases of TAPVC were confirmed after birth.Twenty-two choose to terminate pregnancy,9 of which refused to autopsy,and 10 true positive cases of TAPVC were confirmed at autopsy while 3 were considered false-positive cases.4D ultrasound with STIC clearly visualized the anomalous PV confluence and/or the draining vertical vein in all nineteen cases examined.Conclusions STIC may be proposed to identify abnormal venous drainage at the screening level,thus supplying additional information over that provided by 2D fetal echocardiography.

Objective To evaluate the value of echocardiography on the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC),and to improve the diagnositic accuracy of ARVC by echocardiography.Methods According to the 2010 European Heart Association guideline,twenty-one patients with ARVC were diagnosed from September 2003 to June 2014.The patients were divided into four groups (confirmed,suspiciously diagnosis,miss diagonisis,misdiagnosis) and the echocardiographic features were retrospectively analyzed including the right ventricular (RV) movement,the diameter of RV outflow tract (RVOTd),fractional area change of RV (RVFAC),the severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and peak pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).Results Of 21 patients,15 (71.4％) were confirmed by echocardiography,which had the typical ARVC echocardiographic features including the hypokinetic,akinetic or aneurysm of RV,dilation of RVOTd [mean RVOTd (40 ± 3)mm],and RV FAC＜33 ％ [mean (21 ± 7)％].TR were noticed in all the 15 patients but the PASP were normal [mean (27 ± 9)mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa].Three (14.3％) were suspiciously diagnosed which had the RV wall hypoakinetic,1 with pure RVOTd dilation and 2 with RV and RVOTd dilation,all 3 patients had mild TR,33％＜RVFAC ≤40％ and PASP were in normal range.Two patients had normal echocardiography which was miss diagnosed,one patient was misdiagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy.Conclusions The different stages of ARVC patients had different echocardiographic features,the patients were easily diagnosed when the ARVC patients in RV failure stage.But for the early and late stage,the diagnosis should combine the clinical manifestation and other imaging facilities to avoid miss diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between syndrome differentiation types and the objective indexes of fatty liver.MethodsA cross-sectional study was adopted. Clinical observation table of fatty liver for TCM diagnostic performance was used to collect the data of patients and cluster analysis was adopted for syndrome differentiation. The difference of the objective indexes among different syndromes was studied.ResultsFatty liver showed more severity in spleen Qi deficiency and dampness group compared with heart and liver yin deficiency group(χ2=8.218,P=0.041). Patients in the spleen and stomach Qi deficiency group had less smoking history(χ2=8.416,P=0.038). Patients in the spleen Qi deficiency and dampness group had higher AST, TP, ALP and WHR indexes and lower Alb.ConclusionsDifferences of objective indexes in different fatty liver syndromes can be used for enriching syndrome differentiation contents, and provide the basis for microcosmic syndrome differentiation of fatty liver.