The technique of lentivirus-based RNAi ( RNA interference) is a combination of the effective infec-tion and integrating characteristics of lentivirus vector and the specificity of RNAi to silence a homologous gene expression. It caused the post-transcriptional gene silencing ( PTGS) by a specific target sequence of mRNA degradation.As a kind of commonly used target cells in gene therapy, T lymphocytes play an important role in graft-versus-host disease ( GVHD) and other diseases.It is of great significance for increasing the infection efficiency of the target gene to T lymphocytes on this kind of disease for gene therapy.In this paper, we summarize the application of lentivirus-based RNAi in T lymphocytes.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of treatment?resistant depression ( TRD) and of its relevance with thyroid hormones. Methods 43 patients with TRD and 48 patients with non?TRD were as?sessed with 17?item Hamilton depression scale ( HAMD?17) and Hamilton anxiety scale ( HAMA) . The serum lev?el of thyroid?stimulating hormone ( TSH) ,total triodothgronine ( TT3) ,total thyroxine ( TT4) ,free triodothgronine ( FT3) and free thyroxine ( FT4) were determined by radioimmunoassay. χ2 test and t test were used for statistic a?nalysis. The quantitative relation of FT3 level with TRD was analyzed and the value of FT3 level in TRD diagnosis was evaluated by ROC curve.Results Compared with non?TRD patients,the TRD patients showed a younger dis?ease onset age ((16.98±2.25)years vs (23.50±3.38)years) and a longer disease course ((10.14±6.47)years vs (5.48±4.15)years) for total disease course;(60.35±23.64)months vs (5.00±3.40)months for current disease course),and had shorter education years ((8.53±1.72)years vs (11.04±2.07)years) and higher HAMD total scores (19.09±1.59 vs 15.69±2.38) and behavior retarding factor scores (8.72±0.98 vs 4.98±1.63). In addition, the FT3 level of TRD patients was lower than that of non?TRD patients ((3.92±0.15)pmol/L vs (4.16±0.20) pmol/L).All the above differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The logistic regres?sion analysis showed that the risk of suffering TRD increased by 1. 006?fold when FT3 level reduced 0. 1 pmol/L (OR=2.006,95%CI=(1.501,2.681). The area under ROC curve was 0.821 (P<0.001) with its 95% confidence interval of (0.734,0.907). Conclusion Compared with non?TRD patients,TRD patients have a longer disease course,a younger disease onset age, a lower education level, higher HAMD total scores, more severe retardation symptoms,and a lower FT3 level. The serum FT3 level has a high reference value in diagnosis of TRD.

Objective:To explore the feature of impaired sustaind attention in the stable patients with bipolar disorder and their first degree relatives.Methods:Totally 76 patients with bipolar disorder meeting with, 83 first degree relatives of patients and 81 healthy controls, were employed and evaluated with continuous performance test (CPT).Results:In reaction time task (a simple performance), all of CPT parameters were higher in patients group than in the first degree relatives group and controlled group (Ps＜0.01), while all of CPT parameters in the first degree relatives group were similar to those in healthy controls (Ps＞0.05).In X task (a complex performance), the results of CPT in the first degree relatives group were between the patients and the normal controls, and the differences were statistically significant (Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:The sustained attention function may have a certain hereditary apparent in stable patients with bipolar disorder.

Objective To explore the correlation between the methylation level of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A(HTR1A) gene promoter region and severity of symptom in the manic epi-sode patients with bipolar disorder type Ⅰ(BD-Ⅰ). Methods Fifty six manic episode patients with BD-Ⅰand fifty nine healthy controls were randomly included in the study. The level of HTR1A gene promoter meth-ylation was measured with pyrosequencing technique in both manic episode patients with BD-Ⅰ and the healthy controls. The severity of symptoms was assessed with score of Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale (BRMS) in patients with BD-Ⅰ. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to explore the correlation be-tween the serum level of HTR1A promoter methylation and score of BRMS in BD-Ⅰgroup. Results In-creased serum level of HTR1A gene promoter methylation was found in manic episode patients with BD-Ⅰ((66. 55±10. 55)%) compared with that in healthy controls((54. 03±8. 85)%)(P<0. 01). Positive corre-lation was found between the serum level of HTR1A gene promoter methylation and total score of BRMS in manic patient with BD-Ⅰ(r=0. 534,P<0. 01). Conclusion The current findings suggest that the serum level of HTR1A gene promoter methylation can be an epigenetic indicator for severity of manic symptom in BD-Ⅰ.

ObjectiveTo explore the mental health status and relevant factors among community residents during the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19. MethodsFrom August 28 to September 7， 2020， an online cross-sectional survey using snowball sampling was conducted among community residents via Wenjuanxing platform， and their mental health status were assessed using Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item（PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item（GAD-7）， Insomnia Severity Index（ISI） and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale（CPSS）. ResultsAmong the 476 community residents， the detection rates of depression， anxiety， insomnia and high perceived stress were 32.35%， 21.22%， 24.58% and 48.74%， respectively. In terms of gender， the detection rate of high perceived stress was higher in male than in female（χ²=5.269）； in terms of marital status， the detection rates of depression and anxiety among the unmarried， divorced or widowed residents was higher than those of the married residents（χ²=5.251， 8.851）； in terms of mental health service status， the detection rates of depression， anxiety， insomnia and high perceived stress among residents with mental health service needs was higher than those among residents without the needs（χ²=46.316， 66.934， 20.153， 21.576）， with statistical significance（P<0.05 or 0.01）. Correlation analysis showed that the age of community residents was negatively correlated with CPSS score（r=-0.171， P<0.01）， sleep duration was negatively correlated with PHQ-9， GAD-7 and ISI scores（r=-0.210， -0.247， -0.297， P<0.01）， and time spent following news on COVID-19 per day was negatively correlated with ISI score（r=-0.097， P<0.05）. ConclusionDuring the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19， the majority of community residents experience the symptoms of depression， anxiety， insomnia and high perceived stress. Male and younger residents are more likely to experience high levels of perceived stress. Those with shorter sleep duration and needs for mental health services are more likely to experience symptoms of depression， anxiety and insomnia， and those with short time spent following news on COVID-19 are more likely to experience insomnia symptom.

Objective: To investigate hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotyping and the serum HCV-RNA concentration in patients infected with different HCV genotypes and to provide information for evaluation of disease condition and anti-viral treatment efficacy. Methods: A total of 60 anti-HCV positive serum samples were collected before antiviral treatment. RT-PCR was performed for the 5′ non-cording region and was followed by nucleotide sequencing for HCV genotyping. Meanwhile, serum HCV-RNA concentration was detected by quantitative PCR. SPSS21.0 and Graphpad Prism 5.0 software were used for data analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison among multi-groups and the t-test was used for comparison between two groups. Results: The frequencies of HCV genotypes 1b, 3a, 1a and 2a were 48.3% (29/60), 23.3% (14/60), 16.7% (10/60) and 10% (6/60), respectively. And, there is one subtype 2c was detected in this study. The mean serum viral concentration with standard deviation of HCV in genotype 1a, 1b, 2a, and 3 a were 5.46±1.19, 6.22±0.78, 5.47±0.65, and 5.38±0.98 log₁₀ (IU/ml) respectively. Conclusions The infection rate of HCV genotype 1 was significantly higher than that of genotype 2 and 3 (P<0.01). The statistical analysis showed the serum HCV-RNA concentration in patients with subtype 1b was significantly higher than that of the subtype group 1 a, 2 a, and 3 a (P<0.05). The study of the relationship between HCV genotypes and the serum HCV-RNA concentration may contribute to anti-viral treatment prescription for hepatitis C patients.