Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of double balloon dilation in percutaneous kyphonplasty on curing vertebral?compression fractures. Methods From January 2009 to September 2013, 84 patients (94 vertebral bodies) with vertebral compression were treated by percutaneous kyphonplasty. All were fresh fractures and were injured or obvious low back pain 1 month, accompanied by local tenderness, kowtow attack painful, lumbar mobility, but no lower extremity injury numbness, activities and defecation disorders. After randomization, the double balloon dilation in percutaneous kyphonplasty method was used to treat 44 patients (49 vertebrae). In the process of performing percutaneous unilateral pedicle puncture and balloon dilata?tion of the vertebral body, the balloon has been moved some distance in the vertebral body. Then completed the perfusion of bone cement, vertebral body forming. 40 cases (45 vertebrae) were used conventional unilateral percutaneous kyphonplasty to vertebtal compression fractures. Recorded the operation time, amount of bleeding, bone?cement injection volume. Used visual analogue scale (VAS), the height of the vertebral body and Cobb angle to evaluated the curative effect. Results All 84 patients completed the operation, follow?up time was 22 months (18-24 months). In two mobile open expansion group, the operation time was about 48 min. The amount of bleeding was 8-15 ml. The average bone?cement injection volume was 5.1 ml. No patients quit the study and no bone cement?leakage cases or other side effects were observed , and no clinical accidents occurred. In a single stretching group, 40 cases (45 vertebrae) completed conventional vertebroplasty, the time of 44 min, bone cement average injection rate 3.2 ml, bleeding 10-15 ml. In two mobile open expansion group, the VAS score was 8.5 points, the height of the vertebral body height was 2.1cm, and the Cobb angle was 34°. After operation, the VAS score 2.9 points, the height of the vertebral body 2.8 cm, and Cobb 20° . In the other group, the pain was significantly relieved and the relief was satisfactor after operation.Vertebral height of 2 cm turned to the last follow?up of 2.4 cm. The Cobb angle was 32°, and the last follow?up was 27°. The VAS score, operation time and bleeding volume of the two groups were not statistically significant, and a statistically significant difference of the average bone ce?ment injection volume, postoperative vertebral height and cobb angle improved with statistical significance. A single open group were 2 cases of bone cement leakage and leakage, 1 cases of bone cement tail, the complication rate was 5.6%. Conclusion The application of double balloon dilation in percutaneous kyphonplasty to vertebral?compression fractures improve relocation of verte?bral compression fractures, increase recovery of vertebral height, and more effectively strengthen and stiffen pathological vertebral bodies, while improving kyphosis. Moreover, it can reduce pressure during bone?cement injections, minimizing the chance of over?flow and leakage, as well as the related side effects, but it will also result in an increase of bone cement?injection volume.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and indications of kyphoplasty with movement and secondary en?largement of balloon for the compression fracture of vertebral body with ruptured posterior wall. Methods A retrospective analy?sis was carried out on the data of 29 patients (10 males, 19 females;age range:55-86 years old;mean age:71 years old;29 verte?bral bodies in total) who suffered from compression fracture of the thoracolumbar spine and below, and underwent kyphoplasty through the movement and secondary enlargement of balloon within the vertebral body and were followed up from January 2011 to November 2014. These patients had backache, accompanied by lowered support, limitation of movement, no symptom of nervous lesion on both lower extremities and no past history of balloon kyphoplasty. All fractured vertebral bodies were at T 11 or below, in?cluding 1 case at T11, 4 cases T12, 11 cases L1, 9 cases L2 and 4 cases L3. The causes of injury included fall (19 cases), car accident (8 cases) and unknown reasons (2 cases). All patients underwent kyphoplasty with the movement and secondary enlargement of bal?loon within the vertebral body. Photos were taken immediately after the surgery, at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, and these patients were assessed and analyzed in terms of vertebral height, Cobb angle, visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Results The operation time (including the formation and solidification of bone cement) of 29 patients was 40 to 65 min and the mean time was 55 ± 7 min;the blood loss during operation was 2 to 15 ml and the mean blood loss was 5 ± 2 ml;the injected volume of bone cement was 2.5-7.5 ml and the mean volume was 5.5±0.5 ml. Post?operative pain was relieved and ambulation was performed under the protection of lumbar orthosis brace. Statstical analysis was conducted on VAS, ODI, vertebral height and Cobb angle before operation and at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after operation, showing statistically significant differences. X ray examination found that there was no alternation or displacement of bone cement location, and no change in vertebral morphology, the vertebral height and cobb angle remained the post?operative status, and posterior wall rupture of the vertebral body was recovered well. CT revealed that the morphology of bone cement was irregular and closely integrated with bone substance, and no cavity or fissure was seen. Conclusion Kyphoplasty with movement and secondary enlargement of bal?loon within the vertebral body has a good, definite clinical efficacy in treating compression vertebral fracture with incomplete pos?terior wall of the vertebral body without obvious displacement of fractured bone and symptom of nervous lesion on both lower ex?tremities. This surgery is easy to operate, and has an immediate analgesic effect, which could recover vertebral height as well as re?duce kyphosis deformity and improve patient’s prognosis.

Objective:To explore the research hotspots and evolutionary trends in the field of wound repair mechanism research.Methods:This study was a bibliometric analysis study. English literature related to wound repair mechanism published in the core collection of Web of Science database from the establishment of the database to December 26 th, 2023 that met the inclusion criteria were retrieved. The annual number of publications and their citations were counted, and the change trend was analyzed. Based on the aforementioned annual publication volume, the relevant literature in the core collection of Web of Science database in this field from the first 5 years when the publication growth in this field was rapidly turning, to December 31 st, 2023 was searched again, and the total number of publications was recorded and annual growth rate of published literature was calculated; and based on the trend line of annual publication volume, the publication volume in this field in 2024 was predicted. The CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software was used for visualized analysis of the literature from the second retrieval, including the source journals, the cited literature, and the keywords, to discuss the current research status and the evolution of hotspots of wound repair mechanism. Results:The first search retrieved a total of 3 992 literature related to the research on wound repair mechanisms, among which the annual number of publications and their citations increased rapidly from 2015 to 2023. The time limit for the second retrieval was set to be from January 1 st, 2011 to December 31 st, 2023, during which a total of 3 206 literature was published, with an average annual growth rate of 13.30%. According to the publication trend line at this stage, it was predicted that the number of publications in this field will reach 500 in 2024. The literature from the second retrieval was published in 717 journals. The research directions of the top 10 journals with the most published literature (accounting for 18.75% (601/3 206) of the total number of publications) mainly focused on trauma, molecules, pharmacology of Chinese medicine, and stem cells, with the United Kingdom and the United States, etc. as the main publishing countries. There were 7 journals with impact factors >5 and 6 journals belonging to the Q1 or Q2 areas of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. There were 906 nodes and 9 large clusters for the keywords of cited literature of literature from the second retrieval (Q=0.64, S=0.82). The main clusters of cited literature of literature from the second retrieval were #2 matrix metalloproteinases and #3 transforming growth factor β 1 from 2006 to 2015, #1 macrophage polarization, #4 mesenchymal stem cells, #6 antibacterial, and #7 plant extraction from 2016 to 2023. During 2021-2023, the main clusters of cited literature of literature from the second retrieval being #1 macrophage polarization, #4 mesenchymal stem cells, #6 antibacterial, and #7 plant extraction had the most closely related co-occurrence. The analysis of the top 5 cited literature of literature from the second retrieval with high citation value, high centrality value, and high Sigma value showed that the main research directions were the influence of macrophages and inflammation regulation on wound repair, the influence of fibroblasts on wound repair, and the influence of growth factors and cytokines on wound repair. The keywords of literature from the second retrieval formed 636 nodes and 7 clusters, that being #0 antibacterial, #1 mesenchymal stem cells, #2 cell migration, #3 wound repair, #4 exosomes, #5 negative pressure wound treatment, and #6 diabetic foot ulcer (Q=0.59, S=0.80). For the literature from the second retrieval, the main clusters from 2016 to 2023 were #0 antibacterial, #1 mesenchymal stem cells, and #4 exosomes, and the main clusters before 2015 were #2 cell migration and #3 wound repair. A total of 110 burst keywords (hereinafter referred to as burst words) were formed for the keywords of literature from the second retrieval, and the top 10 burst words in terms of intensity were mouse, gene expression, skin injury, epithelial cells, signaling pathways, biomaterials, exosomes, molecular docking, hydrogels, and macrophage polarization, with different start and end time periods. Among them, the high-intensity burst words from 2021 to 2023 were hydrogel (belonging to cluster #0 antibacterial), exosome (belonging to cluster #1 mesenchymal stem cells), molecular docking (belonging to cluster #0 antibacterial), and macrophage polarization (belonging to cluster #0 antibacterial). Conclusions:In the future, the development of wound repair mechanism research will still be at a steady phase. The research hotspots in this field have shifted from growth factors and wound repair physiology to antibacterial and stem cells. Future research directions in this field may include using molecular docking technology and network pharmacology to screen drugs that promote wound repair and study their underlying mechanisms, the regulation of macrophage polarization by exosomes, and the mechanism by which hydrogels promote wound healing through antibacterial effects.

Objective: To understand the implementation of daily study time standard among secondary school students in Shandong Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies. Methods: From January to May 2023, a multi stage random sampling method was used to select 8 725 middle school students in Shandong Province. A survey questionnaire was designed based on the Requirements for Daily Study Time of Primary and Secondary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012), to investigate indicators such as students daily learning schedule, sleep and physical activity time, break time and scheduling requirements. Results: The compliance rates for daily study time in junior and senior high school students in Shandong Province were 29.2% and 23.6%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=33.63, P <0.01). Compliance rates for sleep duration, physical activity and recess time, morning and afternoon class hours, and class duration were 19.3%, 26.2%, 30.5%, 73.2% and 16.2%. Class duration compliance was relatively high, with rates of 96.7% in junior high and 94.4% in senior high school students. There was a statistically significant difference in compliance rates for extended class breaks between different educational stages ( χ 2= 81.78, P <0.01), with rates of 84.6% in junior high and 83.4% in senior high school students. As students progressed through their educational stages, compliance rates for physical activities, class breaks, consecutive classes, and total weekly class hours showed a decreasing trend, with rates of 31.8% and 18.3%, 35.7% and 23.1%, 60.5% and 29.6%, 55.2% and 35.1% in junior and senior high school students, respectively. Conclusions The revised standard of Requirements for Daily Study Time of Primary and Secondary School Students(GB/T 17223-2012) optimizes the daily study and life schedule of middle school students to a certain extent. However, daily study time for middle school students in Shandong Province exceeds standard. Relevant departments need to enhance their ability to implement standards and strengthen the supervision of policy standards implementation.

Objective To analyze the latest research hotspots and development trends of hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases in the past 20 years by using CiteSpace software and VOSviewer software.Methods The Web of Science database was searched from January 2005 to July 2024 for the literature on hyperuricemia and cardiovascular diseases,and the keywords,authors,institutions,and countries were analyzed by CiteSpace software and VOSviewer software,and the network cooperation map was constructed.Results A total of 2344 articles written by 5844 authors from 75 countries and 1713 institutions were analyzed.The journal Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases had published the most papers in this field,with a total of 36 articles.Scholar Johnson has published 19 papers in this field,ranking first.A total of 2678 keywords were included,and the keywords that identified the research frontier and continued through 2024 were"asymptomatic hyperuricemia""xanthine oxidoreductase""adults".Conclusion The literature published in the field of hyperuricemia and cardiovascular disease correlation from 2005 to 2024,are comprehensively summarize,and sort out the development trends and research hotspots in this field in the past 20 years,through bibliometrics and visual analysis,which is expected to provide a reference direction for researchers in this field for subsequent research.

The protein kinase B(Akt)pathway can regulate the growth,proliferation,and metabolism of tumor cells and stem cells through the activation of multiple downstream target genes,thus affecting the development and treatment of a range of diseases.Thioesterase superfamily member 4(THEM4),a member of the thioesterase superfamily,is one of the Akt kinase-binding proteins.Some studies on the mechanism of cancers and other diseases have shown that THEM4 binds to Akt to regulate its phosphorylation.Initially,THEM4 was considered an endogenous inhibitor of Akt,which can inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt in diseases such as lung cancer,pancreatic cancer,and liver cancer,but subsequently,THEM4 was shown to promote the proliferation of tumor cells by positively regulating Akt activity in breast cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma,which contradicts previous findings.Considering these two distinct views,this review summarizes the important roles of THEM4 in the Akt pathway,focusing on THEM4 as an Akt-binding protein and its regulatory relationship with Akt phosphorylation in various diseases,especially cancer.This work provides a better understanding of the roles of THEM4 combined with Akt in the treatment of diseases.

Objective To establish the Good Agricultural Practice（GAP）for standard operation procedure of Shanghai Pheretima. Methods According to the comprehensive technical requirements of GAP standardized production of Chinese herbal medicine, the key technologies of standardized cultivation and processing were studied in Sangxin Town, Chongming District, Shanghai. Results The production area environment, variety characteristics, breeding technology, pest control, harvesting and processing, packaging, storage and transportation, quality monitoring and other technical links of Shanghai Pheretima were clearly defined and standardized. Conclusion This study provides practical basis for the standardization and modernization quality management of Shanghai Pheretima.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the optimum extraction technique and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method to simultaneously quantify nine compounds of gallic acid, hydroxy-paeoniflorin, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, pentagalloylglucose, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeonol in . METHODS: Linear gradient elution was applied using water containing 0.1%phosphoric acid and acetonitrile as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, column temperature of 30℃ and wavelength of 230 nm. The method of ultrasound extraction was used. Methanol and ethanol were used as extraction solvents, and three factors and three levels of orthogonal experiments was designed using L (3 ) table to investigate the effects of solvent concentration, ratio of liquid to material and extraction time on the total content of nine components of . RESULTS: HPLC method was verified to have high specificity, sensitivity and accuracy through methodological validation, and it could be used for simultaneous quantitative analysis of nine components of . The results showed that the optimum extraction technology of nine components of was using 70%ethanol as extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to material was 200 mL/g and ultrasound extraction time was 30 min. CONCLUSIONS HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of nine components of is established, and the optimum extraction technology is confirmed.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Paeonia

Objective    To identify the risk factors for hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 145 AMI patients undergoing emergency CABG surgery in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from 2009 to 2019. There were 108 (74.5%) males and 37 (25.5%) females with a mean age of 67.7±11.5 years. According to whether there was in-hospital death after surgery, the patients were divided into a survival group (132 patients) and a death group (13 patients). Preoperative and operative data were analyzed by univariate analysis, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis, to identify the risk factors for hospital mortality. Results    Over all, 13 patients died in the hospital after operation, with a mortality rate of 9.0%. In univariate analysis, significant risk factors for hospital mortality were age≥70 years, recent myocardial infarction, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<30%, left main stenosis/dissection, operation time and simultaneous surgeries (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF<30%(OR=2.235, 95%CI 1.024-9.411, P=0.014), recent myocardial infarction (OR=4.027, 95%CI 1.934-14.268, P=0.032), operation time (OR=1.039, 95%CI 1.014-1.064, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for hospital mortality after emergency CABG. Conclusion    Emergency CABG in patients with AMI has good benefits, but patients with LVEF<30%and recent myocardial infarction have high in-hospital mortality, so the operation time should be shortened as much as possible.