Objective To develop developer with fast determining stopped spot of electrolyte electrode in wartime.Methods According to certain proportion configuration,the developer was prepared by using relative reagent and distilled water.Through injector to take 1ml developer and curve syringe needle,then straight insertion the type needle of electrolysis meter and pour into the developer to fill suction tube.Results The reagent can be seen various electrodes change and fast display the electrode breakdown anywhere.Conclusion The color developing reagent is low-cost,efficient and convenient to use.

The abilities of self-study,thinking and communication are much more emphasized in the problem based learning(PBL)than in the conventional curriculum.From the view of the inherent relationship between the ability training and PBL,this paper probes into the characteristics of PBL to find the way of fitting the situation of our country.It is essential to the successful teaching and training more high quality students.

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride injection combined with safflower injection on TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway and T cell subsets in mononuclear cells of patients with organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Methods 80 cases of organophosphate poisoning patients from June 2014 to June 2016 in onglu first people's hospital were selected,randomly divided into control group and observation group, the control group was treated with penehyclidine hydrochloride,observation group were treated with Honghua injection based on the treatment of control group. The effects were compared between two groups of TLRs/NF-κB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells pathway and T cell subsets in peripheral blood, and compared two groups of patients with cholinesterase activity. Results On the third,fifth and 7th day of treatment,cholinesterase activity in both groups was higher than that before treatment,the activity of cholinesterase in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).After treatment,compared with before treatment,the levels of TLR2,TLR4 and NF-κB in the two groups were significantly decreased,and TLR2,TLR4,NF-κB levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05),Th17,Th17/Treg levels in the observation group were significantly lower,and lower than the control group,Treg content was significantly higher,and higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Penehyclidine hydrochloride injection combined with safflower injection can help to reduce Th17,Th17/Treg levels,increased Treg cell content,regulate the inflammatory response, and promote recovery of cholinesterase activity.

Objective To investigate the effect of ketamine on the phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities in lung tissue and leukocytes in rats. Methods Twenty SD rats weighing 140-160 g were randomly divided into two groups of 10 animals each : (A) ketamine group received intraperitoneal ketamine 10 mgkg-1 and (B) control group received equal volume of normal saline ip. Thirty minutes after ketamine administration the animals were sacrificed by exsanguination. Leukocytes were separated and 25 mg of lung tissue was obtained for determination of PDE activities by HPLC. Results The PDE activities in both lung tissue and leukocytes were lower in ketamine group than those in control group ( P

Objective To observe the level of social support and self-efficacy of the breast cancer patients with postoperative chemotherapy, and study the relationship between them. Methods 76 patients were investigated with Social Support Rating Scale and Strategies Used by Patients to Promote Health (SUPPH). Results The total and every dimension scores of SUPPH and Social Support decreased in the patients. The total and every dimension scores of Social Support positively correlated with every dimension scores of SUPPH (P<0.01). Conclusion The level of self-efficacy and social support may relate each other.

Objective In order to understand whether recombinant human growth hormone(r-hGH) can improve the idiopathic short stature(ISS) boys' final adult height(FAH).Methods We measured 16 cases diagnosed as ISS boys FAH, divided into 2 groups, of which 9 cases were not given r-hGH treatment, treatment group ,7 patients received r-hGH treatment, a dose of 0.1 ～ 0.13 U· kg-1·d-1, before going to sleep subcutaneous injection, duration of treatment was 6 ～ 20 months ( 11.9 ± 5.2 months).Results The treatment group compared with the average FAH FAH observation group had significantly improved the average(t =2.219,P<0.05).Conclusion r-hGH can improve the ISS boys FAH, but early treatment, the longer the course the more obvious effects.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of ventricular dilation-induced arrhythmias by dilating isolated rat hearts. Methods Isolated rat hearts were perfused by Langerdorff method. After equilibration, 80 hearts were randomly divided into four groups as follows: (1) control group (n=20), (2) Ca2+ preconditioning (CPC) group (n=20), (3) streptomycin group (n=20), and (4) CPC + streptomycin group (n=20). A latex balloon which can be filled with fluid was anchored in the left ventricle through the left atrium and mitral valve. Epicardial ECG of the left ventricle, left ventricular pressure, coronary flow and heart rate were recorded before and during ventricular dilation by injecting fluid into the latex balloon. The rate and duration of ventricular dilation-induced arrhythmias were recorded. Results Under the same increase in ventricular end-diastolic pressure made by inflation of the balloon, the rate of arrhythmias was 100% and duration of arrhythmias was 2.56±0.46 s in the control group. Both the rates of premature ventricular beat (90 %) and ventricular tachycardia 70 % ) were high. Compared with the control group, the total rate (60 % ) of arrhythmias was lower, and duration (1.67±0.61 s ) of arrhythmias was shorter in the CPC group. Both the rates of premature ventricular beat (60%) and ventricular tachycardia (40%) were low comparatively. The rate of arrhythmias (45 %) was lower and duration ( 1.64±0.42 s)of arrhythmias was shorter, and the rates of premature ventricular beat (30 % ) or ventricular tachycardia (35 %) were lower in the streptomycin group than in the control one. The least ventricular dilation-induced arrhythmias occurred in the CPC + streptomycin group. The rate of arrhythmias (10%) was the lowest and duration (1.01±0.37s) of arrhythmias was the shortest; both the rates of premature ventricular beat (5%) and ventricular tachycardia (10%) were the lowest. Conclusions Ventricular dilation may induce arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts. Stretch-activated ion channel and the increase in [Ca2+]I are supposed to play important roles in the pathological mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the distal humerus extremity comminuted fracture treated by double plates through oleeranon osteotomy. Method Twenty-eight patients with humerus extremity comminuted fractures were fixed by double plates through olecranon osteotomy followed by early functional exercise. Results All the cases were followed up 9-31 months. The curative effect was assessed by the method of modified Cassebaum rating system. The operation was excellent in 10 cases, good in 12 cases, fair in 5 cases, bad in 1 case. The excellent and good rate was 78.57%(22/28). Conclusion Treatment of humerus extremity comminuted fractures by double plates through olecranon osteotomy followed by early functional exercise are excellent with satisfactory functional recovery.

Objective To investigate the effect of standardization regional lymphadenectomy in radical resection of ductal adenocareinoma in the pancreatic head.Methods On the basis of routine panereaticoduodenectomy(whipple proceduce),we performed the standardization regional lymphadenectomy,the emphasis of the procedure was the resection of wide nodes,particularly the mesenteric root lymph nodes(14abcd),the paraaortic lymph nodes(16a2b1),the hepatoduodenal ligament lymph nodes(12abpeh),hepatic artery(Group 8)and coeliacus lymph nodes(Group 9). Results Eleven patients underwent this procedure,there was no operative mortality,1 case occurred pancreatic fistula,the lymph nodes metastasis occurred in 7(63.6%)patients,the posterior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes(Groupl3)and superior mensenteric artery(Groupl4)was the predominant metastatic site of the tumor,the rate of the second site metastasis to lymph nodes was 57.1%.of the 11 cases follow-up 1 died. Conclusion The radical pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with wide resection of standardization regional lymph nodes is a safe and effective procedure of the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas.but the long-term survivalrate must be valued objectively with many cases.

Objective To investigate the incidence of recurrence and occurrence rate of recurrence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD)in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City between 2012 and 2014,analyze the influencing fac-tors,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Data of HFMD in Jiangbei in 2012-2014 were collected from China Disease Surveillance Information System,immunization data were from Im-munization Programme Information System of Ningbo City,the recurrent infectious cases were selected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.Results The occurrence rate of recurrent HFMD in Jiangbei in 2012-2014 was 5.40% ,the median month of patients with single occurrence and recurrence of HFMD were 33.77(20.03, 47.83)and 38.26(22.05,54.75)months respectively,median month of patients with the initial occurrence were 23.93(15.87,36.87)months,median of time interval of recurrent HFMD was 10.27(5.23,16.06)months. The oc-currence rate of recurrence was the highest in 3- years old group(χ2= 37.51,P<0.001). Most were scattered chil-dren and children in child-care center. Female was a protective factor of recurrence of HFMD (OR,0.73[95% CI, 0.57-0.92]),while children in child-care center was a risk factor (OR,1 .46[95% CI,1 .16-1 .84]). The median attack rate of recurrence in HFMD group and control group in blocks within 7 days were 10.36(9.29,11.44)/100000 and 8.95(8.16,9.74)/100000 respectively,there was significant difference(Z= -2.68,P<0.001). In-oculation frequency between recurrent HFMD group and control group was not significantly different (Z= -1.38,P= 0.17).Conclusion The epidemic of recurrence of HFMD was serious in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City between 2012 and 2014,boys and children in child-care center should be paid attention,contacts with patients should be re-duced,and targeted prevention and control measures should be carried out.