Objective To approach the effect of cathepsin K(CK) on the onset of osteoporosis,and to study the influence of Bushen Tongluo Prescription(BTP,with the actions of invigorating the kidney and dredging the meridians) on osteoclast CK in ovariectomized rats.Methods Thirty female SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: sham-operation group,model group and BTP(12.46g.kg-1.d-1) group.The bilateral ovaries in rats of the model group and BTP group were removed.Four weeks later,BTP group were given gastric gavage of BTP.On the 6th and 12th weeks,we detected the general bone density of rats,examined CK expressionin osteoclasts with Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) methods.ResultsThe in-vitro cultured cells had the phenotype feature of mature osteoclasts.The bone mineral density of ovariectomized rats was negatively correlated with CK expression in time-effect manner.BTP down-regulated the CK protein and CK mRNA expression(P

The shortage of human hearts has brought the current research focus on finding an animal source as substitute hearts.The immunological barriers to cardiac xenotransplantation are now more clearly defined,allowing retrospective interpretation of past clinical experience in humans.Due to physiological compatibilities as well as ethical and infectious considerations,pigs have now emerged as the most likely source of future xenografts.With the introduction of transgenic pigs expressing human complement regulatory proteins and new immunosuppressive strategies have shown early promise in the laboratory,cardiac xenotransplantation has been the social focus.This article explores ethical issues that surround developments in this field.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive technique by retroperitoneal approach in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis with peripancreatic necrosis.Methods The clinical data of 10 patients with severe acute pancreatitis combined with peripancreatic necrosis who underwent retroperitoneal drainage by aspirating and placing tube under B ultrasound guidance on the basis of routine therapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China from January 2016 to September 2016 were analyzed.Results All of the 10 patients successfully underwent puncture.Drainage was good after puncture and tube placement in 7 patients.The amylase activity was normal within 3 ～ 7 days,and the symptoms of abdominal pain and bloating were alleviated in 2 ～ 4 days.Among them,3 cases had poor drainage after catheterization due to a large necrotic area,and the percutaneous nephroscope was performed to remove the necrotic tissue of the pancreas.Bacteria was detected in the drainage fluid of 7 patients.The complications of pneumothorax,hemothorax and organ injury were not found in all the patients.The average hospitalization time was 19.4 days (10 ～ 34 days).Conclusions Minimally invasive retroperitoneal approach is safe and effective in curing severe acute pancreatitis with peripancreatic necrosis with good efficacy,which is worth for clinical recommendation and application.

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of entirely mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection for patients with breast cancer. Methods To analyze the clinical data and the procedure of the Breast cancer cases with entirely mastescopic axillary lymph node dissection. Results All the operations of those cases re-ceived entirely mastoseopic axillary lymph nodes dissection were successful, the average operating duration was 97min,and average of 5 ～ 14 lymph nodes were removed;2 cases had the positive lymph node. The procedure of those operations went well ,and there was no operation complication. After the operation the shoulder mobilization had unlim-ited, and no cancer cell was transplanted in operations holes. Conclusion Entirely mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection can be carried out in grass-root hospitals and can be taken as one of the usual operation methods.

Objective To analyze the outcome in advanced age patients with obstruction of the left colonrectal cancer treated by intraoperative cavage method.Methods From 1998 and 2004,37 senile patients with acute obstruction for cancer underwent surgery.The patients were treated with intraoperative lavage,resection and primary anastomosis.Results All patients,no anastomotic leakage occurred.The patients got a well recovery post-operation.Conclusion One-stage emergency surgery for left obstructing colonic cancers is safe with the regard of intraoperative lavagation methods.

This paper combines the experience that university is in constructing center of experimental teaching.We thoroughly elaborated center of experimental teaching the guidelines of construction,develop process,and concrete conditions were introduced such as experiment resources integration,instruments management,network construction,personnel dispensation,model of managements establishment,laboratory open,and have obtained the obviously result.

[Objective] To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and treatment of pancreatic careinoid. [Methods] Eight patients with pancreatic careinoid were recruited between January in 1997 and December in 2007 for retrospective analysis which involved tumor markers, inanunohistostaining, accompanied with other tumors, misdiagnosis, metastasis, in-hospital mortality rate, and so on. The relevant literatures were simultaneously reviewed to comprehend the clinical pathological characteristics of pancreatic carcinoid. [Results] Tumor markers CEA, CA199, CA125, and CA72-4 in pancreatic carcinoid were 0%, 25%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively. Specimen immanohistostaining Syn, CgA, NSE, and CK in pancreatic carcinoid were 25%, 62.5%, 75%, and 75%, respectively. Two pancreatic carcinoids were accompanied by other tumors in 8 cases. The misdiagnosis rate of pancreatic carcinoid (7/8) was markedly high. Pancreatic carcinoid possessed high metastasis (50%), high in-hospital mortality rate (37.5%) and low radical operation undergone (62.5%). [Conclusions] Pancrcatic carcinoid was accompanied with high misdiagnosis rate and poor prognosis. Routine sero-markers did not help discover pancreatic carcinoid early. The final diagnosis depended on specimen immunohistostaining with Syn, CgA, NSE, and CK.

Objective To explore the effects of minimally invasive removal of intracranial hematoma on blood-brain barrier (BBB) index, serum myelin basic protein (MBP) and activity of daily living (ADL) in hypertensive patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Through observing 30cases operated within 3.0 hours, 32 case operated between 3. 1-8. 0 hours, 28 cases operated between 8. 1 to 24.0 hours and 22 cases operated over 24 hours, the changes of BBB index, serum MBP and ADL were analyzed. Results The BBB index and serum MBP were significantly lower in patients operated within 8. 0 hours than in patients operated over 8. 1 hours [≤3.0 hours group:(6.57±0.69)×10-3 and (3. 12±0.40)μg/L;3. 1-8.0 hours group: (7. 37±1.29)×10-3 and (3.25±0.60)μg/L;8. 1-2.0 hours group: ( 12. 02± 1.51 ) × 10 3 and (4. 60±0. 48)μg/L;over 24.0 hours group: ( 14. 68±2.07)×10-3 and (5.88±0.64)μg/L,Q＞13.8,P＜0. 05]. And the ADL was lower in patients operated within 8. 0 hours than in patients operated over 8. 1 hours [≤3.0 hours group: (2. 60± 1.07)scores; 3.1-8.0 hours group: (3. 06±0. 91 )scores;8. 1-24.0 hours group: (4.00±0.67) scores;over 24.0 hours group:(3.68±1.32)scores,Q＞3. 1,P＜0.05].Conclusions The minimally invasive surgery of intracranial hematoma within 8.0 hours can mitigate the cytotoxicity-damaged BBB so as to lighten brain edema and improve the patients quality of life.

Objective To investigate the MRI imaging features, and pathologic basis of the orthotropic transplantation nude mouse model with human pancreatic cancer. Methods Adopting Siemens Magnetom Trio Tim 3.0 Tesla superconductive MRI and breast coil was used to examine 30 orthotropic transplantation nude mouse models of the human pancreatic cancer, these mouse were sampled to acquire TSE-T1 -weighted and T2-weighted transverse axial images. Intraperitoneal injection of Gd DTP A was used to perform continuous dynamic enhancement scanning. Signal intensities of tumors were measured in plain scanning and each phase' s enhancement scanning images, respectively. Intensification rates of tumors were calculated. Pathologic examination of tumors was performed to be compared with the findings of MRI scanning. Results The successful rate of inoculation of 30 nude mice was 100%. The histological findings were comparable with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Compared with signal of adjacent tissues, the MRI findings of the tumors were uniformly slightly hypointensity (90% , 27/30) , or unevenly (10% , 3/30) on TSE-T1WI; uniformly (20% , 6/30) or unevenly (80% , 24/30) hyperintensity with equal or more hyper signal spots on TSE-T2WI. Signal intensities on plain scanning was 228.35 ±11.71, and 1.5,3,6,9, 12 min after enhancement scanning, thesignal intensities were 258.20 ± 11.17, 301.75 ± 17.09, 358.65 ±25.13, 480.05 ± 19.01, 558.35 ± 40.49, which were significantly higher than those in plain scanning (P <0.01). The intensification rate of every phase was 0.13 ±0.04, 0.35 ±0.11, 0.56 ±0.10, 1.10 ±0.10, 1.45 ±0.18, and the difference among these phases was statistically significant (P <0.01). The significantly intensified area was the area where the tumor cells grew actively with rich capillaries; the central area without intensification was the area of necrotic tissue and/or densely packed tumor cells and few capillaries. Conclusions High resolution MRI imaging of implanted tumors can be obtained by intraperitoneal injection of contrast, and it is consistent with pathologic examinations.

Objective To evaluate the risk of the occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer in the oral HPV carriers through a population-based investigation in Shanghai.Methods A total of 1200 cases of outpatients who attended the annual cervical examination and 50 preoperational cases of inpatients with CIN Ⅲ or invasive cervical cancer were enrolled from three clinical centers in Shanghai.The oral HPV infection was determined by real-time PCR.In 1200-case cross-sectional study,the incidence rate of CIN was compared between the oral HPV positive and negative cohort.In 1250-case case-control study,the positive rate of oral HPV DNA test was compared among normal control group,CIN Ⅰ-Ⅲ,and invasive cancer case groups,and all odds ratio (OR) values were calculated,respectively.The HPV transmission-related demographic and behavioral characters of the oral HPV carriers were also analyzed.Results The oral HPV carriers accounted for 5.9％ (71/1200) of the investigated outpatients.The oral HPV DNA positive rates were gradually increased with the cervical disease grades,which were 5.8％ (68/1182,normal),2/13 (CIN Ⅰ),1/5 (CIN Ⅱ),31.4％ (11/35,CIN Ⅲ) and 5/15 (invasive cancer).In cross-sectional cohort studies,the relative risks (RR) of CIN Ⅰ,Ⅱ were 2.9 and 4.0 for oral HPV carriers,respectively.In case-control study,the OR values for CIN Ⅰ-Ⅲ and invasive cervical cancer were 3.1(95％CI:1.6-10.1),4.2(95％CI:1.7-28.4),7.1(95％CI:4.8-19.8) and 10.1 (95％ CI:3.2-32.1),respectively.The oral sex and multi-sexual partner were two major risk factors for the oral and cervical HPV co-infection,HPV-related cervical cancer and precancerous diseases according to behavioral analysis.Conclusions There are complicated transmission pathways between oral and cervicalHPV.Oral HPV carriers should be intensively followed up and their oral HPV infection and HPV-related cervical diseases should be treated together.