In the field of colorectal cancer molecular biology,there are a number of biomarkers of prognosis and curative effect,including orotate phosphoribosyltransferase,P53,thymidylate synthase,glutathione S-transferase,methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase,dihydropyfimidine dehydrogenase,uridine-diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase,which can select the effective patients or the patients who can't bear the side effects and contribute to the individualized treatment of colorectal cancer.

Objective By the modern manufacture regulation of original equipment manufacture(OEM),the quality of large scale X-ray equipment is ensured by means of assembling the purchased key components,such as high frequency and high voltage generators and X-TV systems,etc.Methods The technology of Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)was utilized to improve the reliability of X-ray examination table.Results The design of PLC-controlled X-ray examination table was used in the digital X-ray equipment yeas ago.The malfunction probability of mechanic parts was very low,whereas the electric circuit part was almost zero.Conclusion The practice of PLC improves the reliability and control level for X-ray equipment.

Objective To improve X-ray equipment for better medical treatment by digitally transform normal X-ray equipment.Methods Digital image workstation was equipped for digital photography so that ordinary X-ray equipment has the function of a digital X-ray equipment.Results The digital transformation enhance the clinical performance of X-ray equipment.Conclusion It has been proved that some ordinary X-ray equipment can be equipped with digital workstation.

Objective:To detect the characteristics of bacteria in the feces of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to further discover the relationship between intestinal flora and the status of peripheral cytokine, which might be able to provide new ideas for clinical treatment.Methods:The bacterial diversity and abundance of 111 RA patients and 100 age-and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were detected by 16S high-throughput sequencing platform and compared. Based on the 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing platform, the 16S rDNA V3 region in the participants' fecal specimens were analyzed and compared to screen for different bacterial groups. Alpha diversity was analyzed by the mothur software and the screening for different flora was tested by using Mann-Whitney, and the relationship between intestinal flora and peripheral cytokines were analyzed, too.Results:There was no significant difference in gender ( χ2=0.005, P=0.947) and age ( t=0.728, P=0.467) between the two groups. Patients with RA had a lower chao1 index ( Z=-2.188, P=0.029) and ACE index ( Z=-2.078, P=0.038) of species richness, and the Shannon index ( Z=-2.064, P=0.039) and Simpion index ( Z=-2.064, P=0.039) of diversity index in the feces compared with those of HC. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium ( Z=-2.388, P=0.017), Lactobacillus ( Z=-2.543, P=0.011), Clostridium sensu stricto ( Z=-3.842, P<0.01), Blautia ( Z=-2.064, P=0.039) , Clostridium Ⅺ ( Z=-2.682, P<0.01), Turicibacter ( Z=-2.437, P=0.015), Phascolarctobacterium ( Z=-3.524, P<0.01), Megasphaera ( Z=-2.87, P<0.01), Veillonella ( Z=-2.472, P=0.013), Citrobacter ( Z=-3.263, P<0.01) and Escherichia/Shigella ( Z=-4.265, P<0.01) in RA were significantly higher than those of HC ( P<0.05), Butyricimonas ( Z=-3.071, P=0.002), Odorbacter ( Z=-2.257, P=0.024), Blautia ( Z=-2.064, P=0.039), Clostridium_ⅩⅣb ( Z=-2.901, P<0.01), Lachnospiracea_incertae sedis ( Z=-2.159, P=0.031), Acetivibrio ( Z=-2.995, P<0.01), Butyricicoccus ( Z=-2.162, P=0.031) and Gemmiger ( Z=-2.949, P<0.01) relative abundance were significantly decreased in RA patients ( P<0.05). LEfSe analysis showed γ-proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceaehad the most significant difference between the two groups. Further, patients with high inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and TNF-α hada higher relative abundance of Prevotella. Conclusion:The diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in RA patients are significantly different from those of healthy population, which is closely related to the levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting imbalance of intestinal flora might be involved in the occurrence and development of RA.

OBJECTIVETo test whether 7 herbs stimulate human pregnane X receptor (PXR)-mediated CYP3A4 transcription.

METHODTransient cotransfection reporter gene assays were performed with human PXR expression plasmids and a reporter plasmid containing the XRES in the CYP3A4 gene promoter in HepG2 cells.

RESULTThe aqueous extracts of Chrysanthemi Flos, Lycii Fructus, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and the methanol extracts of Chrysanthemi Flos, Crataegi Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Dioscoreae Rhizoma,and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, activated human PXR-mediated transcription.

CONCLUSIONThe aqueous extracts of Chrysanthemi Flos, Lycii Fructus, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and the methanol extracts of Chrysanthemi Flos, Crataegi Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are inducers of CYP3A4 by activating PXR, and thus may influence the metabolism of other substrates on CYP3A4.

Cell Line ; Chrysanthemum ; Crataegus ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dioscorea ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes, Reporter ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Lonicera ; Lycium ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Steroid ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an emerging technology that observes transcriptomes' differences between individual cells at the cellular level.The basic strategy is to capture single cells and lysis the cells to get mRNA, then amplify them after reversing transcriptions, finally cDNA is used to build sequencing libraries.At present, this technology has been widely used in many subject areas.Visual system includes retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, and visual cortex, etc.It's responsible for the acquisition and processing of visual information and the formation of vision.Visual information accounts for more than 70% of all sensory information.Therefore, the study of the visual system is particularly important.With the rapid development of science and technology, there are more and more research results on scRNA-seq.This technology is gradually becoming an important tool for guiding clinical practice, and has provided a bridge for basic research transforming to clinical research.In this review, we introduce the main technical routes and methods of scRNA-seq and detail its application in visual system.

A sensitive, fast and comprehensive method for the quality assessment of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) standard decoction with characterization of its chemical components was developed and validated. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS system was used to identify thirty-six chemical components of SZS standard de-coction which included nucleosides, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Furthermore, a UPLC-PDA method was validated to simultaneously determine adenosine, protocatechuic acid, magnoflorine, ca-techin, protocatechin, vicenin II, spinosin, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, and 6'''-feruloylspinosin which re-present four species of characteristic compounds. The qualitative method had been validated according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) in terms of lineary, repeatability, recovery and stability for all analytes, with the results showing good precision, accuracy and stability. In conclusion, the method using UPLC combined with MS and PDA provided a novel way for the standardization and identification of SZS standard decoction, and also offered a basis for qualitative analysis and quality assessment of the pre-parations for SZS standard decoction.

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of different concentrations of chloroquine on RGC in n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) injured mice and its possible mechanisms.Methods:Fifty-four healthy male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups, 18 in each group. The mice in low-dose chloroquine group were intraperitoneally injected with chloroquine solution at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily. Mice in high-dose chloroquine group were intraperitoneally injected with chloroquine solution at a dose of 100 mg/kg, and the mice in control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of PBS. NMDA intravitreal injection was performed 2 days after intraperitoneal injection, 5 nmoles NMDA was injected into the left eye, and the same volume of PBS was injected into the right eye as a control. The RGC staining of retinal plaques were performed 7 days after NMDA injection, and the number of alive RGC was calculated. The visual acuity and electroretinogram were used to evaluate the electrophysiological functions of RGC at 9 and 10 days after modeling. Real-time quantitative PCR and retinal frozen sections and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence staining were performed 11 days after NMDA injection to evaluate the glial activation of the retina. The density, visual acuity, and the amplitude of PhNR-wave of RGC between groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance.Results:At 7 days after NMDA injection, the density of RGC in retinal patch of low-dose chloroquine group was significantly higher than that of intraperitoneal injection of PBS control group ( F=54.41, P<0.01). The density of RGC in retinal patch of high-dose chloroquine group was lower than that of control group ( F=1.18, P>0.05). The visual acuity was higher than control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=9.10, P<0.05). The amplitude of PhNR-wave was significantly higher in low-dose chloroquine group than that of the control group ( F=17.60, P<0.01). The mRNA level of inflammatory factor and GFAP positive signal was also significantly lower than that of the control group ( F=23.66, P<0.05). The amplitude of PhNR-wave, the expression of GFAP ( F=110.20, P<0.01) and the mRNA level of inflammatory factors ( F=167.60, 17.78; P<0.01) in the high-dose chloroquine group were higher than the other two groups, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:In NMDA injury retinal model, low-dose chloroquine significantly increased the survival and physiological function of RGC, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of glial activation and inflammatory response. High-dose of chloroquine would aggravate the apoptosis of RGC.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Feiyangqin Rectum Condensed Liquid (FRCL) in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia. Methods Seventy-two patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 36 patients in the treated group were treated with FRCL, and the other 36 patients in the control group simply treated with Western medicine. Efficacy of treatment on clinical condition and some immune function (IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4) were observed.

RESULTSIn the treated group, 28 patients were cured (77.8%), treatment was markedly effective in 4 patients (11.1%), effective in 2 (5.5%) and ineffective in 2 (5.6%), with the total effective rate of 94.4%. The corresponding number in the control group was 20 (55.6%), 7 (19.4%), 6 (16.7%), 3 (8.3%) and 91.7%, respectively. The cure rate in the treated group was obviously superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). FRCL could improve serum IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8, lower serum IgE, these indexes in the treated group were significantly different to those in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFRCL had the action in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia without any adverse reaction, one of its mechanisms might be related to its regulation on immune function.

Administration, Rectal ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo solve the difficult in the active compounds screening from traditional Chinese medicines (TCM).

METHODAccording to preliminary lab results and related literature, systematic analysis of the high-throughput technology was made.

RESULTTechnologies of rapid preparation, high-throughput screening and biochip, together with the thought of drug target network, will contribute to TCM research on active ingredients screening, toxic components exclusion and molecular mechanisms. They are key technologies and ideas for modernization of TCM and research of TCM network pharmacology.

CONCLUSIONHigh throughput technology and network pharmacology-related technologies will provide new ideas and key methods for active compounds screening from TCM.

Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pharmacology ; methods ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods