Diabetic retinopathy(DR), the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, has become a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness across all age groups. The early diagnosis and severity assessment of DR rely on the precise evaluation of retinal microvascular alterations. The periarterial capillary-free zone(paCFZ), a physiological avascular region surrounding retinal arteries, has recently been recognized as an important biomarker reflecting the status of retinal microcirculation. Advances in optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)have enabled noninvasive, high-resolution quantification of the paCFZ, offering a novel approach for the early detection and stratification of DR. This review systematically summarizes the definition and developmental mechanism of the paCFZ, as well as its morphological characteristics across different stages of DR, with a particular focus on the advantages of OCTA in visualizing and quantifying the paCFZ. We further discuss the differential manifestations of the paCFZ in nonproliferative DR and proliferative DR, and its associations with retinal ischemia and oxygenation status. In addition, the potential clinical value of paCFZ in evaluating responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)therapy and predicting disease progression is summarized. Finally, the challenges in clinical translation and future research directions are addressed, aiming to provide theoretical support and new perspectives for early screening, risk stratification, and personalized management of DR.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genotype-phenotype correlation in a Chinese family with structural brain abnormalities due to variant of the TUBB gene. METHODS: A family undergoing prenatal diagnosis at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in October 2024 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data were collected. Amniotic fluid sample was subjected to chromosomal copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq). Trio whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was carried out on the amniotic fluid and parental blood samples, and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: 2023-KY-076-01). RESULTS: Both prenatal ultrasound and fetal MRI showed deviation of brain midline, unilateral lateral ventriculomegaly, and bilateral gyral asymmetry. Trio-WES revealed that the fetus has harbored a maternally derived heterozygous missense variant of the TUBB gene [NM_178014.4: c.155A>G (p.N52S)]. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the woman and a previously terminated fetus both harbored the same variant. Both the proband and two fetuses exhibited similar neuroimaging abnormalities including midline deviation and asymmetrical gyri. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PM2_Supporting+PS2_Moderate+PS3). CONCLUSION The heterozygous c.155A>G (p.N52S) variant was the TUBB gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of the structural brain abnormalities in this family. Above findings have expanded the phenotypic spectrum associated with the variant and facilitated the prenatal diagnosis for this family.
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Tubulin/genetics* ; Adult ; Brain/diagnostic imaging* ; Male ; Pedigree ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Genetic Association Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective:To design a wireless regulation system based on STM 32 single chip microcomputer for three-dimension(3D)water tank,so as to improve the efficiency of physical verification for radiation.Methods:The wireless regulation system of 3D water tank was designed on the basis of STM32F103 single chip microcomputer and ZigBee technique through combined with regulation and control system for conventional 3D water tank,and the indicators of testing performance was also evaluated.Results:The wireless regulation system for 3D water tank can realize remote control to drive the operation of motor.The accuracy error of the detector was less than 0.2 mm along the x axis,y axis and z axis of the water tank.The repetitive error of the designated position was less than 0.1 mm after the detector repetitively reached the specified location along each axis.The vertical error of motion was less than 0.5 mm when the itinerary was less and equal to 200 mm,and this error was less than 1.0 mm when it was greater than 200 mm.Conclusion:The wireless regulation system of 3D water tank based on STM 32 can improve the information and intelligence levels that are measured and verified by ray beam,which is more in line with the requirement of radiation physics for measurement,and it can provide better technical support for the metrological verification of the equipment of nuclear medicine.

Objective To explore the application value of constructing Visually Accesable Rembrandt Images(VASARI)MRI feature model for the prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1(IDH-1)mutations in high-grade glioma(HGG).Methods A total of 242 patients with HGG were randomly divided into training set and validation set according to the ratio of 7︰3,the VASARI features of the patients were extracted to evaluate the statistical difference between IDH-1 mutant and wild-type VASARI features of the HGG.The least abso-lute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression method was used to reduce the dimension of VASARI features and the logistic regres-sion(LR)machine learning model was used to construct the prediction model for single VASARI feature and combined features.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.Results A total of 11 VASARI fea-tures were associated with IDH-1 mutations in HGG,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Seven closely related fea-tures were finally screened out,and the area under the curve(AUC)of the prediction model established after the combination of the seven VASARI features was higher,and the AUC of training set was 0.908,and the AUC of validation set was 0.872.Conclusion The VASARI MRI feature model can better predict IDH-1 mutations of HGG with high predictive efficacy and has greater application value.

In recent years，the incidence and prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacterial（NTM）infections have been on the rise，posing a serious threat to public health and presenting significant challenges for disease management. Currently，the treatment outcomes for NTM disease are poor，one of the main reasons being the high resistance of NTM pathogens to various anti-mycobacterial drugs. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting the host rather than the NTM pathogens themselves may help improve cure rates and reduce mortality. This article summarizes the latest research findings on host factors related to the incidence of NTM disease，including age，pulmonary diseases，immune function，genetic factors and lifestyle，which aids in the early identification of high-risk populations and provides a theoretical basis for developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies and optimizing treatment plans.

Objective:To investigate the demand of rural elderly in Shenyang for integrated medical and elderly care service model,providing references for the improvement and development of rural integrated medical and elderly care services in Shenyang.Methods:Elderly individuals from selected rural areas in Shenyang were randomly sampled as study subjects.A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze their basic demographics,satisfaction with current elderly care services,and demand levels for integrated medical and elderly care programs.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the demand for integrated medical and elderly care services among rural elderly.Results:The satisfaction scores of the rural elderly for medical care,cultural and recreational activities,spiritual comfort,and daily living assistance were 3.86±1.37,3.67±1.36,3.49±1.45,and 3.15±1.58,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,monthly family income,occupation,insurance situation,living situation,and self-care ability were factors influencing the demand for integrated medical and elderly care services(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The demand for integrated medical and elderly care service model among rural elderly is affected by multiple factors.

Purpose To explore whether tryptanthrin(TRYP)can inhibit the malignant behavioral ability of glio-ma cells,and to elucidate the specific mechanism of its action.Methods MTT assay was performed to detect the effect of TRYP on the proliferation of glioma cells;Transwell assay was performed to detect the effect of TRYP on the migration and invasion of glioma cells;AnnexinV-FITC/PI apoptosis assay was performed to detect the effect of TRYP on the apoptosis of glioma cells;PI/RNase cell cycle assay was performed to detect the effect of TRYP on the cell cycle distribution of glioma cells;Western blot assay was performed to detect the effect of TRYP on the protein expressions of p-ERK and c-Myc in glioma cells.The effect of TRYP on the proliferation of glioma cells in vivo was verified by con-structing a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in nude mice,and the effect of TRYP on the apoptotic ability of cells in the transplantation tumor was detected by TUNEL assay.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the effect of TRYP on the expression of Ki67,BRAF,c-Myc,and p-ERK proteins in transplanted tumor tissues.Results MTT assay showed that TRYP could effectively inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells(P＜0.001).Transwell assay showed that TRYP could inhibit the invasion and migration of glioma cells(P＜0.001).AnnexinV-FITC/PI cell apoptosis as-say showed that TRYP could promote the apoptosis of glioma cells(P＜0.001).The results of PI/RNase cell cycle as-say showed that TRYP was able to promote the G2 phase block of glioma cells(P＜0.001).Western blot results showed that the expression levels of c-Myc and p-ERK proteins in the glioma cells were significantly reduced after TR-YP treatment(P＜0.001).The results of subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in nude mice showed that TRYP could effectively inhibit the growth rate(P＜0.01)and weight(P＜0.05)of transplanted tumor.TUNEL assay showed that TRYP could promote the apoptosis of tumor cells in transplanted tumor(P＜0.001).Immunohistochemis-try results showed that TRYP could effectively inhibit the protein expression of Ki67(P＜0.01),BRAF,c-Myc,and p-ERK(P＜0.001).Conclusion TRYP can inhibit the proliferation,invasion,and migration ability of glioma cells,promote apoptosis of glioma cells,and block the cell cycle of glioma cells.TRYP may inhibit the malignant pro-gression of glioma cells by suppressing the protein expression of BRAF,c-Myc and p-ERK1/2 in the MAPK/ERK sig-naling pathway.

Different animals in Xinjiang carry Escherichia coli O157:H7(E.coli O157:H7),but the connection between these strains is not clear.This study aims to understand the evolutionary sub-group of E.coli O157:H7,the distribution of the dominant genetic lineage,the biofilm formation ability,the carriage of mobile genetic elements and their drug resistance profile.E.coli O157:H7 was identified by PCR.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST)protocol was used for E.coli O157 to detect ST type,plasmid replicon and integron genes.Biofilm formation ability was determined by crystal violet microplate,and Kirby-Bauer was used to detect drug resistance.The results showed that 46.7％(7/15)of E.coli O157:H7 belongs to Group A,53.3％(8/15)of E.coli O157:H7 be-longs to Group E.Sheep source were mainly prevalent in Group A(4/6).Cattle sources are mainly Group E(6/7).A total of six ST types were detected:ST11(8/15),ST-206(1/15),ST-6126(3/15),ST-1640(1/15),ST-178(1/15),ST-4550(1/15).Two strains had a moderate biofilm-form-ing capacity,two strains had a weak biofilm-forming capacity,10 strains have no biofilm-forming capacity.All were multidrug-resistant strains,with complete resistance to lincomycin,oxacillin,clindamycin,vancomycin,midemycin and cefthiophene,and 88％-94％resistance to poly-myxin B,ampicillin,penicillin G and erythromycin,they are highly drug resistant.The five resist-ance genes detected were acrA(66.66％,10/15),tolC(73.33％,11/15),qurS(13.33％,2/15),floR and qurA(6.67％,1/15).Four plasm id replicons were detected,they were IncP(66.66％,10/15),IncFrepB(86.67％,13/15),IncFIA(6.67％,1/15),IncFIB(66.66％,10/15).Two class Ⅰ integrons were detected and they were ISCR1(33.33％,5/15),ISECP1(20％,3/15).The re-sults showed that E.coli O157:H7 in Xinjiang was predominantly prevalent in Group A and Group E.Sheep sources were predominantly prevalent in Group A,and cattle sources were predominantly prevalent in Group E.The ST types were widely distributed,with ST11 types being the predomi-nant type,the biofilm-forming ability was weak,and the resistance was strong,all of them were multi-drug-resistant strains,and the resistance genes were mainly externally excreted from the pumps,and the resistance genes had more spreading elements.

BACKGROUND:Wolff's law points out that the lack of mechanical stress in the body will lead to the degradation of the microstructure of bone tissue,mass loss,and metabolic disorders,and eventually lead to osteoporosis,which suggests that mechanical stress plays an important role in the growth,reconstruction,and formation of bone tissue.At present,the relevant studies concerning mechanical stress on osteoblasts mainly focus on fluid shear force,but it is difficult to intervene in vivo.Meanwhile,some studies have found that compressive stress can also play a similar role in fluid shear force to a certain extent.Exploring the mode of action and influence of compressive stress on cells in vitro experiments can enrich the interaction relationship between mechanical stress and cells.It helps provide a theoretical basis for studies of metabolic bone diseases,including osteoporosis,and other diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review in vitro experiments,the application of compressive stress to cells,different biological behaviors caused by cells,the possible signaling pathways,and possible future applications.METHODS:We searched PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,and WanFang databases from January 2000 to March 2024 to include all articles related to compressive stress on cells,including basic research and microscopic mechanism studies,using search terms"compressive stress,mechanical stress,hydrostatic pressure,cell"in Chinese and English.Finally,the 63 included articles were reviewed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There are various ways to apply compressive stress,and different experimental equipment has different ways of pressurizing cells,so it is necessary to further standardize the experimental equipment,standardize the pressurization unit,reduce the confounding factors,and make the reference and comparability between different experimental groups.(2)Compressive stress can cause changes in cell proliferation,differentiation,autophagy,apoptosis,migration,etc.,and the effect of compressive stress is time-or dose-dependent in most cases.(3)At present,most in vitro experimental studies have shown that compressive stress may mainly act on osteoblasts through MAPK signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,causing osteoblasts to produce different responses.(4)The effect of compressive stress on different cells is not the same,and its possible biological effects need to be studied.(5)Further research on compressive stress is helpful to provide a theoretical basis for treatment in orthopedics,stomatology,tumors and other fields,and gentle disinfection using hydrostatic pressure is a promising disinfection method.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)sequential drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(DEB-TACE)in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer.Methods 86 patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis admitted to multiple centers from September 2022 to September 2023 were selected and divided into a control group(43 cases)and an experimental group(43 cases)according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with HAIC,and the experimental group was treated with HAIC sequential DEB-TACE.The clinical data and the changes of tumor markers and liver function indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups,and the short-term and long-term efficacy was evaluated,and the adverse reactions were recorded.Results After treatment,the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen,carbohydrate antigen 125,carbohydrate antigen 199,carbohydrate antigen 242,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in the two groups decreased(P<0.05),and those in the experimental group were lower than the control group(P<0.05).The proportion of repeated treatment in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The objective remission rate and disease control rate in the experimental group were 60.00%and 82.50%respectively,which were higher than 30.95%and 61.90%in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05).The results of Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions HAIC sequential DEB-TACE can effectively remove tumor cells and improve liver function in patients with colorectal can-cer liver metastasis,and it has good clinical efficacy and can prolong the survival time of patients.