At present the annual sales of drugs in the world are over 100 billion dollars. America, Japan and West-Europe are the three large pharmaceutical markets. In the past ten years, cephalosporins are the most important antibiotics. Fluoroquinolone products have been developed rapidly in recent years. The sales of cardiovascular drugs occupy the first position in drug markets. ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists are considered as a big breakthrough. The sale amount of H_2-antagonist, ranitidine is reported in the lead. In the future, OTC products and biotechnological preparations will increase share in the world drug markets.

In the whole world, about 10 millions people suffer from pulmonary tuberculosis each year, of them, three millions died of this disease. At present, there are 5～6 million patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis in China. The spread of AIDS results in increase of TB patients. This article emphatically describes the present status of antituberculotie drug markets and the development of the new varieties of antituberculotic in China.

Rapid development of biotechnology necessarily brings about a revolutionary change in drug production. It is estimated that the annual sales of biotechnology drugs will reach 50 billion dollars in 2000. The pharmaceutical factories in USA, Japan and West-European Countries focus their attention on biotechnology drugs. Now, human somatotropin, human insulin and erythropoetin produced by r-DNA technic have occupied an important place in drug market. We believe that the 21st century will be a new era of biotechnology drugs.

Objective To compare the gemcitabine (GEM) plus S-1 and gemcitabine alone in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) by meta-analysis.Methods Articles were searched in PubMed,Cochrane library,Embase,CNKI,and CBM up to August 1st,2013.Only randomized controlled trails (RCTs) for GEM + S-1 and GEM alone in advanced PC were included.Two reviewers retrieved and collected data respectively.Data were selected basing on inclusion and exclusion criteria.The meta-analysis was base on survival advantage (include overall survival and progress free survival),object response rate,disease control rate and adverse reaction.Results A total of 3 trials with 772 cases were included.Meta-analysis demonstrated that GEM plus S-1 significantly improved the progress free survival (HR:0.64,95％CI:0.54-0.75,P ＜ 0.000 01) and overall survival (HR:0.81,95％CI:0.68-0.96,P =0.01),improved object response rate (RD:0.16,95％ CI:0.10-0.21,P ＜ 0.000 01) and disease control rate (RD:0.10,95％ CI:0.03-0.17,P =0.009) also.However,the incidence of WHO 3/4 grade adverse reaction was increased significantly in the GEM + S-1 group.Neutropenia,thrombocytopenia,and gastrointestinal reaction were increased by 18％ (P =0.02),18％ (P =0.008) and 8％ (P ＜ 0.000 01)respectively.Conclusion GEM combined with S-1 can improve the chemotherapy effect compared with GEM alone.The adverse reactions also increase significantly,but the overall survival is benefit.

A BASIC program was written to analyse the data from radioreceptor assay by microcomputer. Concentrations of ligand, total binding, nonspecific binding, specific binding and the ratio of specific binding (number of receptor sites) to free ligand content were calculated for each point. The receptor binding affinity constant and binding capacity were obtained by Sca-tchard analysis. Results and graphs can be displayed on the screen and/ or printed out by using a graphic printer

Objective To investigate clinical first selected method on the differential diagnosis at early stage between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) and cervical spondylosis.Methods The clinical features and EMG in 53 patients with ALS,14 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy(CSM) and 23 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR) were analysed.And then the value of ratio of every probability was calculated.According to the value of ratio, the clinical features and EMG were compared in differential dia gnosis.Results A multiprogram that consisted of high multiple clinical features was used in differential diagnosis, true positive rate is 98%, and true negative rate is 86.5%,EMG still couldn't be used in the differential diagnosis.Conclusion The program is the first selected method, which can be used in the differential diagnosis between ALS and CSM/CSR.

Objective To generate the spaO-ompA fusion gene of Salmonella paratyphi A and its prokaryotic expression system,and to determine the immunoprotection of the recombinant expression product rSpaO-OmpA.Methods A flexible peptide sequence was used to link spaO and ompA genes and a prokaryotic expression system of spaO-ompA fusion gene was subsequently generated.SDS-PAGE and Bio-Rad Agarose Image Analyzer were applied to examine the expression as well as the yield of the target recombinant protein rSpaO-OmpA.The antigenicity and immunoreactivity of rSpaO-OmpA were determined using immunodiffusion test,Western Blot assay and micro-Widal's test.By a mouse infection model,the immunoprotection of rSpaO-OmpA against the lethal challenge of S.paratyphi A was determined.In the animal protective test,the recombinant expressed SpaO (rSpaO) and OmpA ( rOmpA ) were used as the controls.Results The generated spaO-ompA fusion gene had 100％ nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities compared to the single spaO or ompA gene.The constructed prokaryotic expression system IPTG E.coli BL21DE3pET42a-spaO-ompA expressed the recombinant protein rSpaO-OmpA.rSpaO-OmpA combined with the antiserum against wholecell of S.paratyphi A to present positive hybridization signal and induced specific antibody in the immunized rabbits.Immunization with 100 or 200 μg rSpaO-OmpA contributed 66.7％ (8/12) or 83.3％ (10/12) immunoprotective rates in mice when the animals were attacked with S.paratyphi A.The immunoprotective rates produced by rSpaO-OmpA were significantly higher than that of equal rSpaO or rOmpA( P＜0.05 ).The sera from rSpaO-OmpA immunized mice presented 1∶5-1∶40 agglutination titers to the H antigens of different S.paratyphi species,and 1∶1-1∶16 immunodiffusion titers to rSpaO,rOmpA and rSpaO-OmpA proteins,respectively.Conclusion The artificially fusion antigen,rSpaO-OmpA,has more powerful immunogenicity and immunoprotection that the equal rSpaO or rOmpA.

BACKGROUND:The aid treatment of aphasia is mainly achieved through computer training system, and the applied software of the market at present is mainly Chinese aphasia training system software. The software for a native Uighur aphasia patient does not apply and no research of Uygur language aphasia training software has been reported. OBJECTIVE:To design a clinic oriented training software for Uighur aphasia, based on training specifications of rehabilitative therapist in the treatment of Uighur aphasia patients. METHODS:The experiment was conducted from January 2013 to December 2013 in South and North areas of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, deeply researching the common and familiar life material of the Uyghur’s and combining the life custom of the Uyghur’s, to screen the relevant materials of the speech rehabilitation training, preliminary build up the living language material database of the Uyghur’s. Basing on this database, we designed the computer-assisted application software which has the Uygur and Chinese double interface. The software is designed by the software research and development personnel in accordance with the requirements of the members of our group, with Uygur and Chinese double interface speech rehabilitation training software. 30 Uygur aphasiac patients after stroke in Xinjiang were screened for clinical trials and evaluation, the software after many corrections, detailed recorded the valuable dates and the problems existing in the experimental stage. And we constantly communicate with the software designers so as to repeatedly revise the wrong in the process of training, and eventualy developing a set of basic mature Uygur language aphasia and training software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A set of basic mature Uygur aphasia training software was designed. With the research and development of the Uighur aphasia training software, speech therapists of Xinjiang get a fuly functional, easy operation, flexible extension training tool, which help to reduce the workload of speech therapists and improve the clinical efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of total flavonoids from Alpinia officinarum on gastrointestinal motility.METHODS: Gastric emptying method was applied to observe the effect of total flavonoids from A.officinarum on gastric emptying of normal mice and sthenic gastric emptying induced by pyridostigmine bromide.Effect of total flavonoids from A.officinarum on gastric smooth muscle of rats was observed through in vitro test and small intestine advancement was used to observe the influence of total flavonoids from A.officinarum on intestinal motility.RESULTS: Total flavonoids from A.officinarum had no significant influence on gastric emptying of normal mice,but distinctly inhibited sthenic gastric emptying induced by pyridostigmine bromide(P

Objective:To fabricate and to study the surface morphology and biological safety of a novel coating on microarc-oxidized titanium.Methods:The novel functional coating was fabricated by cross-linking the double-layer nanoparticles loading rhBMP-2 and SDF-1 with gelatin on microarc-oxidation coating on titanium implant surface.The surface topography was observed and optimized,and the biological safety of the novel coating was primarily evaluated by cell toxicity test,oral mucosa stimulation test and hemolysis test in vitro.Results:The novel functional coating possesses excellent morphology.The coating showed the cytotoxicity of score 1 and no mucous membrane irritation,the hemolytic rate of the coating was 4.6％.Conclusion:The coating possesses good morphology and biological safety.