No abstract available.
Infection Control*

BACKGROUND: To determine whether multiple short-term surveillances are as effective as long-term surveillance for estimating the incidence rates of nosocomial infections (NIs), we prospectively performed 9-month surveillance in four intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS: NI surveillance was performed prospectively from November 2002 through July 2003, with long-term surveillance performed over the 9-month period, and short-term surveillance performed during the middle 3 weeks of each calendar quarter. The incidence rate of NIs or device-associated infections was calculated as the number of infections per 1,000 patient-days or device-days. RESULTS: We observed no significant differences between the incidence rates of total NIs determined from these two methods (9.6 [CI95 8.2-11.3] vs 10.4 [CI95 7.5-14.4], P=.66). In addition, these two methods did not differ significantly in estimating the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (5.1 [CI95 3.4-7.6] vs 7.5 [CI95 3.8-15.0], P=.35), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (2.4 [CI95 1.7-3.4] vs 1.7 [CI95 0.7-4.1], P=.47), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (2.2 [CI95 1.4-3.4] vs 3.7 [CI95 1.9-7.4], P=.21). Plotting of the NI rates showed that the trends in multiple short-term surveillances were similar to those in long-term surveillance, except in one ICU. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that multiple short-term surveillances could replace long-term surveillance in estimating the baseline incidence rates of NIs in the circumstances of the relatively large number of patients in the ICUs, which would be especially useful in countries with limited resources.
Cross Infection* ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; Prospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections

Flavimonas oryzihabitans is a yellow-pigmented, non-spore forming, gram-negative bacillus mainly found in damp environments such as soil and stagnant water. F. oryzihabitans is an uncommon cause of clinically significant human infection. This organism has been mainly reported to cause infection related to indwelling intravenous catheters, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheters or surgical procedures in immune compromised hosts or cancer patients. We report a case of community-acquired infective endocarditis caused by F. oryzihabitans in a 24-year-old man who had no significant past medical history. He was successfully treated by antimicrobial therapy and mitral valvuloplasty.
Bacillus ; Catheters ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Endocarditis* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Pseudomonas* ; Soil ; Young Adult

Flavimonas oryzihabitans is a yellow-pigmented, non-spore forming, gram-negative bacillus mainly found in damp environments such as soil and stagnant water. F. oryzihabitans is an uncommon cause of clinically significant human infection. This organism has been mainly reported to cause infection related to indwelling intravenous catheters, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheters or surgical procedures in immune compromised hosts or cancer patients. We report a case of community-acquired infective endocarditis caused by F. oryzihabitans in a 24-year-old man who had no significant past medical history. He was successfully treated by antimicrobial therapy and mitral valvuloplasty.
Bacillus ; Catheters ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Endocarditis* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Pseudomonas* ; Soil ; Young Adult

Primary community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) endocarditis has rarely been reported in healthy individuals without risk factors, such as skin and soft tissue infections, and intravenous drug abuse. We describe a case of infective endocarditis by CA-MRSA (ST72-PVL negative-SCCmec IVA) in previously healthy individuals with no underlying medical condition and CA-MRSA colonization in the family.
Adult ; Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology/transmission ; Endocarditis/*microbiology ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; *Methicillin Resistance ; Staphylococcal Infections/*diagnosis/drug therapy/*transmission ; Staphylococcus aureus/*drug effects

A case of Tsukamurella peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in a 54-year-old woman is described. Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Tsukamurella has been reported to cause rare opportunistic infections in humans, and most cases have been reported in immunocompromised patients or patients with indwelling foreign bodies. This organism is difficult to identify and has been mistaken for Corynebacterium and atypical Mycobacteria. Here, we describe the first case of CAPD-related peritonitis caused by Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens in Korea. It was treated with CAPD catheter removal.
Catheters ; Corynebacterium ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Opportunistic Infections ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis

We report a case of vertebral osteomyelitis with epidural abscess caused by Streptococcus constellatus. The patient was present with fever, back pain, and dyspnea for 1 week. The patient was previously healthy and did not have any predisposing factor. After evaluation, the patient was diagnosed as Streptococcus constellatus vertebral osteomyelitis. He was successfully treated with surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of S. constellatus vertebral osteomyeltis with epidural abscess to be reported in Korea.
Back Pain ; Debridement ; Dyspnea ; Epidural Abscess ; Fever ; Humans ; Korea ; Osteomyelitis ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus constellatus

Granulicatella species are nutritionally variant streptococci first described in 1961. Granulicatella species form a part of the normal flora of the oral cavity, genitourinary tract, and intestinal tract. These micro-organisms cause bacteremia or local infections such as endocarditis, central nervous system infections, arthritis, and osteomyelitis. Since isolation of Granulicatella species is difficult, only a few cases of infection caused by this microorganism have been reported. Herein, we report a case of endocarditis caused by Granulicatella adiacens in a 46-year-old patient with ventricular septal defect.
Arthritis ; Bacteremia ; Central Nervous System Infections ; Endocarditis ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Osteomyelitis

We report a case of vertebral osteomyelitis with epidural abscess caused by Streptococcus constellatus. The patient was present with fever, back pain, and dyspnea for 1 week. The patient was previously healthy and did not have any predisposing factor. After evaluation, the patient was diagnosed as Streptococcus constellatus vertebral osteomyelitis. He was successfully treated with surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of S. constellatus vertebral osteomyeltis with epidural abscess to be reported in Korea.
Back Pain ; Debridement ; Dyspnea ; Epidural Abscess ; Fever ; Humans ; Korea ; Osteomyelitis ; Streptococcus ; Streptococcus constellatus

Peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis is a major complication and the leading cause of peritoneal dialysis failure. Leclercia adecarboxylata is a motile, gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacillus of the Enterobacteriaceae family. These bacteria are uncommon pathogen, and rarely isolated from environmental and clinical specimens. Some cases have been reported about peritonitis due to Leclercia adecarboxylata in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, there has never been any report about peritonitis in a patient receiving automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). We have isolated Leclercia adecarboxylata from peritoneal fluid in a patient receiving APD, and the patient completely recovered with 14-day treatment of intraperitoneal antibiotics without catheter removal.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ascitic Fluid ; Bacillus ; Bacteria ; Catheters ; Diphosphonates ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis