Objective To observe the effects of cyclovirobuxinum D(Cvb-D)on the myocardium cell apoptosis of myocardial ischemia rats.Methods The rats were given Cvb-D 0.55,1.1 and 2.2 mg/kg orally per day for 21 days respectively.The myocardial ischemia model was induced by isoprenaline intraperitoneal injection.Myocardium tissue was observed under light microscope and end labelling TUNEL method was used to determine the cell apoptosis.Then the average percentage of apoptosis cell was figured out to evaluate the effect of Cyb-D.Results Cvb-D obviously lightened isoprenaline-induced myocardial pathological changes such as turbulence of myocardial fiber,plasmolysis of necrotic cell,inflammatory cell infiltration of necrotic interstitial region.Cvb-D remarkably inhibited myocardium cell apoptosis of myocardial ischemia rats caused by isoprenaline.Conclusion Cvb-D has the action of ameliorating myocardium cell apoptosis caused by myocardial ischemia.

Objective To evaluate the fallopian tube patency with transvaginal real-time three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (3D-HyCoSy) in diagnosis of infertility.Methods Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the reference standard,a total of 126 infertile women underwent both transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy with SonoVue and laparoscopy.Bilateral fallopian tubes were dynamic observed.Results Transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy showed that in clinical suspected infertility patients,125 fallopian tubes were patent,81 fallopian tubes were narrow and circuitous,and 37 fallopian tubes were obstructed.Among all the patients,60 cases (115 fallopian tubes) underwent laparoscopy with chromopertubation.The results showed that 10 fallopian tubes were patent,73 fallopian tubes were narrow and circuitous,and 32 fallopian tubes were obstructed.Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the reference standard,107 fallopian tubes of the 60 cases were diagnosed correctly,and the coincidence rate of 3D-HyCoSy and laparoscopy and dye test was 93.0％ (107/115).Taking laparoscopy and dye test as the gold standard,the accuracyof transvaginal real-time 3D-HyCoSy in diagnosis of fallopian tubes patency or obstruction was 93.0％(107/115),the sensitivity was 94.3％ (99/105),the specificity was 80.0％ (8/10).Conclusions Tansvaginalreal-time 3D-HyCoSy can provide dynamic,real-time and three-dimensional display of the fallopian tubes.Itcan get more accurate diagnostic information,so it's an important method.3D-HyCoSy is a safe and non-invasivemethod,so it plays an important clinical role in the screening,diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases.

Objective To observe the effect of consciousness-restoring obstruction-clearing needing technique combined with swallowing function training on pseudobulbar paralysis after stroke.Methods 80 stroke patients with pseudobulbar paralysis were randomly divided into the trial group and control group with 40 cases in each group.The patients of the trial group were treated with consciousness-restoring obstruction-clearing needing technique combined with swallowing function training and routine medicine,those of the control group were treated only with routine medicine.Results After treatment,the whole effective rate of the trial group was 92.5%,that of the control group was 60.0%,there was a significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of consciousness-restoring obstruction-clearing needing technique combined with swallowing function training and routine medicine on pscudobulbar paralysis after stroke is superior to simply routine medicine.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture on Parkison disease (PD) with systematic review in view of evidence-based medicine (EBM).Methods Articles on clinical effect of acupuncture on Parkinson disease published from the database-established year to May of 2017 we searched from China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI),Wanfang,VIP,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM),PubMed,and Cochrane Library databases without language limitation.Quality evaluation and data extraction were carried out according to the tool for assessing risk of bias provided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 5.1.0).All statistical analyses were performed with Reviewer Manager Software (Version 5.3;Cochrane Collaboration,Oxford,UK).Assessments were performed with the total effective rate,the scores of each scale (the unified Parkinson disease rating scales-UPDRS and the Webster scale),and the improvement of different clinical manifestation.Results In all,12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met our inclusion criterion,a total of 892 patients,including 468 cases in the experimental group (acupunctuer with or without medicine) and 424 cases in the control group (medicine only).Meta-analysis showed favorable results for the experimental group compared to control group in the total effective rate,the total scales of UPDRS and the modified Webster scale [OR =2.16,95％ CI (1.57,2.97),P＜0.01;OR =7.20,95％ CI(4.02,10.37),P＜0.01;OR=3.33,95％ CI(2.13,4.53),P ＜0.01].The experimental group was effective in relieving partial symptoms of PD such as rigidity,postural,gait,bradykinesia compared to the control group,while there was no significant difference in tremor at rest and sit-stand up movements (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture had certain clinical effect on Parkinson disease,it can relieve the clinical symptoms of Parkinson disease to some extent,and postpone the progression of PD,which improves the quality of life of PD patients.Acupuncture can be recommended as a combination treatment for Parkinson disease.

The delta-opioid receptor (DOR),which is a classic analgesic drug widely existed in the central system and peripheral system,is a kind of inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor with seven transmembrane regions.In addition to pain modulation,the opioid receptors are involved in various physiological and pathological activities through gene or cytokines.This review addresses the influence and possible mechanisms of the delta-opioid receptor in ischemic brain injury,analgesia,anti-anxiety and depression,learning and memory,and Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration and deletion of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and a pathological feature of the Louis body.The clinical manifestations including non motor symptoms and motor symptoms.Cognitive impairment (CI)is one of the most common non motor symptoms in patients with PD,Which includes mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.MCI is an early manifestation of dementia in PD.Therefore,early diagnosis and treatment of MCI are very important for the prognosis of PD.The epidemiology,risk factors,heredity,biomarkers,imaging,diagnosis and treatment of MCI in PD are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the effect of nuclear-transcription factor-κB signal transduction pathway on differentiation of rat marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neurons.Methods The MSCs were purified at least four generations in vitro.And then,the MSCs were assigned into three groups:non-serum control group (group A),fasudil treatment group (group B) and fasudil and lipopolysaccharide treatment group (group C).Cells in group A were added serum-free DMEM,those in group B were added induced liquid (DMEM 900 μL+fetal bovine serum 100 μL that contains final concentration of 200 μmol/L of fasudil),and those in group C were added induced liquid (DMEM 900 μL+fetal bovine serum 100 μL that contains final concentration of 200 μmol/1 of fasudil and final concentration of 1000 μg/L of lipopolysaccharide).All the MSCs were induced into neurons for 6 h.The morphology of MSCs was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope.The expressions of neuronspecific enolase (NSE),microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2,cyclin D1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in neurons were detected by immunocytochemical method.The mRNA expressions ofcyclin D1 and MA P-2 in neurons were detected by real time-PCR.The protein expressions ofcyclin D1 and MAP-2 were detected by Western blotting.Results (1) The MSCs of group A kept flat and the neurites were scarce;the MSCs of group B and C could differentiate into neurons,and the speed of MSCs of group B differentiating into neurons was faster than that in group C;there was typical neural network in group B and the neural network in group C was scarcer than group B.(2) As compared with those in group A,higher expression levels of NSE and MAP-2,and lower cyclin D1 expression level in group B and group C were noted (P＜0.05);the expression percentage of GFAP was lower than 1％ in both three groups.(3) As compared with group A,group B and group C had significantly lower cyclin D1 protein and mRNA expressions and significantly higher MAP-2 protein and mRNA expressions (P＜0.05).Conclusion The NF-κB signal transduction pathway,by regulating the expression of cyclin D1,participates in the neuronal differentiation of rat marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by fasudil.

Objective To investigate the associations of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mRNA expressions and their downstream signaling pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with clinical outcomes in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods Ninety patients with cerebral infarction of anterior circulation,admitted to our hospital fiom May 2015 to December 2015,were chosen.Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expressions ofTLR2,TLR4,TLR3,TLR7,TLR8 and TLR9 and downstream signaling molecules Toll-like receptors related molecule (TRAM),interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3),and interferon beta (IFN-β) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Good functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores≤ 2 90 d after onset.National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission was used to evaluate the severity of stroke,and infarct volume 7-14 d after onset was measured on MR imaging.The baseline characteristics (TLRs,population information,risk factors,stroke types,clinical and imaging data) were compared between patients with good and bad functional outcomes.Multi-factor Logistics regression analysis was performed.Results TLR3 and TLR7 mRNA expressions were correlated with good functional outcome at acute cerebral infarction,and only TLR3 expression was correlated with good functional outcome at sub-acute phase.TLR3 mRNA expression,C-reactive protein (CRP) level,and NIHSS scores on admission were positively correlated with good outcome (OR=4.435,P=0.001;OR=l.12,P=0.033;OR=1.961,P=0.000).The expressions of TLR3 and IRF-3 were both inversely correlated with NIHSS scores and cerebral infarction volume;IFN-β mRNA expression was positively correlated to TLR3 expression (r=0.392,P=0.000);IFN-β expression and IRF level were positively correlated (r=0.347,P=0.01).Conclusion The TLR3 expression is correlated with good functional outcome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with cerebral infarction,which may play a crucial role in the survival of neurons after ischemia through spuring the extraction of anti-inflammatory factor IFN-β.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of curcumin on oligomer formation and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP) induced by overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein.

METHODSRecombinant plasmids α-synuclein-pEGFP-A53T and α-synuclein-pEGFP-WT were transfected into PC12 cells by lipofectamin method, and intervened by application of curcumin (20 μmol/L) and 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). Oligomer formation in the cultured cells was identified by Western blotting and Dot blotting. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis of the PC12 cells were measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and JC-1 assays. mitoKATP were identified by Western blotting and whole cell patch clamp.

RESULTSCurcumin has significantly reduced the oligomer formation induced by overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein in the cultured cells. LDH has decreased by 36.3% and 23.5%, and red/green fluorescence ratio of JC-1 was increased respectively by 48.46% and 50.33% after application of curcumin (P<0.05). Protein expression of Kir6.2 has decreased and mitoKATP channel current has significantly increased (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCurcumin can inhibit α-synuclein gene overexpression or mutation induced α-synuclein oligomers formation. It may block apoptosis induced by wild-type overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein. By stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential. Opening of mitoKATP channel may have been the initiating protective mechanism of apoptosis induced by wild-type overexpression or mutation of α-synuclein. Curcumin may antagonize above cytotoxicity through further opening the mitoKATP channel.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; KATP Channels ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; drug effects ; PC12 Cells ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; alpha-Synuclein ; genetics