OBJECTIVE: To explore the antibacterial activity and mechanism of fusidic acid combined with aztreonam on 12 clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). METHODS: Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of the fusidic acid and aztreonam combination.The MIC of two drugs combination were measured by the checkerboard method and partial inhibitory concentration index (FIC) was calculated to determine the combined effect.The synergistic effect of two drugs was assessed by the disk diffusion susceptibility test and the time-killing curves.Extracellular enzyme activity assay was used to detect the strains extracellular enzyme activity changes of fusidic acid alone and combined with aztreonam. The probable mechanism of the combined use of two drugs was discussed. RESULTS: Fusidic acid and aztreonam combination displayed synergistic and additive activity on 61.54% and 38.46% isolates, no antagonism activity was observed.The bacteriostasis circle was obviously increased in two drugs combination, of which 41.67% of the strains were changed from drug resistance to sensitive. The time-killing curves showed that the combined of two drugs had bactericidal effect on the isolate PA 320.Extracellular aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were all increased in a significant difference with the combination of two drugs. CONCLUSION: Fusidic acid combined with aztreonam on CRPA is showed synergistic and additive activity in vitro. The mechanism of two drugs in combination may concern with aztreonam help the fusidic acid to overcome the natural hydrophobic antibiotic permeability barriers of gram-negative bacteria.

To explore the effect of Huangqin Decoction on ulcerative colitis(UC) pyroptosis, and to explain the mechanism of pyroptosis based on NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain 3(NLRP3)/cysteine proteinase 1(caspase-1) pathway. The animal model of UC induced with 3% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) was established. The experimental animals were divided into control group, model group, low-dose(4.55 g·kg~(-1)), medium-dose(9.1 g·kg~(-1)) and high-dose(18.2 g·kg~(-1)) Huangqin Decoction groups and salazosulfapyridine group(0.45 g·kg~(-1)). While modeling, intragastric administration was given for 7 consecutive days. On the 8 th day, the mice were euthanized, the colon length was collected, and the histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The content of interleukin-18(IL-18) was observed by ELISA. The content of lactatedehydrogenase(LDH)was determined by microplate method. TUNEL assay kit was used to detect the cell death. The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC). Western blot was used to detect the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), caspase-1 and gasdermin D(GSDMD).The experimental study showed that compared with normal group, the LDH content, TUNEL positive staining, inflammatory factors(IL-18, IL-1β), and proteins associated with pyroptosis were significantly increased(P<0.05). Compared with model control group, the LDH content, TUNEL positive staining, inflammatory factors(IL-18, IL-1β), and proteins associated with pyroptosis were decreased, and these results were more significant in high-dose groups(P<0.05). The results of HE staining showed that Huangqin Decoction could improve the pathological changes of colon. Huangqin Decoction could inhibit UC cell pyroptosis, and the mechanism may be closely related to NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway.
Animals ; Caspase 1/genetics* ; Colitis, Ulcerative/drug therapy* ; Mice ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Pyroptosis ; Scutellaria baicalensis

OBJECTIVETo verify the value of retrograde flow of Internal Mammary Artery (IMA) used as one of the supplying arteries and to develop a new method of applying IMA in breast reconstruction.

METHODSDuring breast reconstruction with free bilateral transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, the pressures and velocities of the two ends (proximal and distal) of internal mammary artery as well as the according perfusion unit (PU) of TRAM were measured in two patients who suffered from mammectomy because of carcinoma.

RESULTSThe pressure at distal end was 66 or/and 58 mmHg, the pressure at proximal end was 88 or/and 75 mmHg, the former is 75%-77% of the later. The immediate rate of blood flow of distal anastomotic stoma was 74 or/and 52 ml/min, that of proximal was 94 or/and 70 ml/min, the former is 74%-78% of the later after anastomosed to the two sides of deep inferior epigastric arteries (DIEA) separately. Under condition that both ends (proximal and distal) of IMA contributing as the supplying blood vessels simultaneously, the PU of TRAM was the best. The rates of blood flow at the two anastomotic stomas are similar to each other in late stage (evaluated at the fifth year follow-up).

CONCLUSIONThe distal end of internal mammary artery can supply blood flow in a considerable level, similar with the proximal end.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; Mammary Arteries ; physiology ; Middle Aged

To investigate the expression of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in Xinjiang Uygur and Han nationalities and its prognostic significance. Our data showed that miR-34a expression in Uygur and Han CLL patients was significantly higher than that in their respective healthy controls, while miR-34a levels were similar between Uygur and Han patients. By comparing with known prognostic factors, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that miR-34a was a good predictive factor for the prognosis of CLL (demarcation value was 3.567 6). Survival analysis was further performed according to miR-34a expression level, that low expression of miR-34a translated into poor prognosis.

To investigate the clinical features and prognostic significance in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with DTA (DNMT3A,TET2,ASXL1) mutations. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients diagnosed as de novo MDS at People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from September 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Next-generation sequencing was used to detect 34 related genes in MDS patients. DTA mutations and the correlation with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in MDS patients were evaluated. Among 140 MDS patients, DTA mutations was detected in 62 (44.3%) patients. And the positive rate of DTA mutations in IPSS-R lower-risk group was 65.4%, significantly higher than that of higher-risk group (31.8%)( P=0.000). Compared with the non-mutated group, patients with DTA mutations had a lower rate of conversion to leukemia (9.7% vs . 29.5%, P=0.004).Survival analysis showed that PFS in patients with DTA mutations was comparable as that in MDS patients without DTA mutations ( P=0.787), but the median OS was significantly shorter (16 months vs . 20 months, P=0.022).According to IPSS-R classification, the median OS in patients with and without DTA mutation was only statistically significant in the higher-risk group (15 months vs. 18 months, P=0.034).Among 62 patients with DTA mutations, 60 (96.8%) had additional gene mutations. DTA mutations were not independent prognostic factors when mutation frequency is greater than 10% were considered in Cox regression model ( P>0.05). DTA mutations often developed in the early stage of MDS, therefore they were more common in IPSS-R lower-risk subgroup which was correlated to the low rate of conversion to leukemia. In conclusion, DTA mutations are not associated with disease progression, but predict unfavorable survival when other add-on genes are mutated.

【Objective】 To understand the current situation of blood components distribution in domestic prefecture-level blood stations through analyzing the components distribution data of 24 prefecture-level blood stations in China. 【Methods】 The data of components distribution of 24 blood stations from 2017 to 2020 as well as the data of blood deployment of 24 blood stations from 2019 to 2020 were collected and analyzed. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2020, positive annual growth in red blood cells, plasma and cryoprecipitate was observed in 22, 19 and 15 out of the 24 blood stations, and the annual growth median rate of above three components was 5.24%, 3.80% and 3.25%, respectively. Among the 24 prefecture-level blood stations, 23 carried out the preparation of cryoprecipitate. 【Conclusion】 The distribution of red blood cells, cryoprecipitate and plasma in prefecture-level blood stations is increasing year by year. However, there is a overstock of plasma, and most blood stations need blood employment.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and its risk factors for the related HLA-haploidentical non T cell-depleted in vitro peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (RHNT-PBSCT).

METHODSFrom July 2002 to December 2012, 104 patients who underwent the RHNT-PBSCT were enrolled to analyze the incidences, location and its risk factors of aGVHD, compared with those of the 103 patients who received the HLA-matched sibling non T cell-depleted in vitro PBSCT (MSNT-PBSCT) in the same period.

RESULTS(1)The cumulative incidence of aGVHD in the RHNT-PBSCT group was significantly higher than the MSNT-PBSCT group [(56.2±4.7)% vs (34±3.6)%, P<0.05], but the cumulative incidences of II-IV and III-IVgrade aGVHD had no significant difference between the two groups[(39.5±2.9)% vs (21.2±5.4)%, P>0.05; (12.6±4.1)% vs (10.8±2.4)%, P>0.05]. (2)The cumulative incidence of cutaneous aGVHD was significantly higher in RHNT-PBSCT group than that in MSNT-PBSCT group [(42.3±3.2)% vs (17.5±2.3)%, P<0.05]. The cumulative incidences of liver and gastrointestinal aGVHD between the two groups had no significant difference [(7.7±2.1)% vs (12.6±3.4)%, P>0.05; (16.3±4.5)% vs (10.3±2.5)%, P>0.05]. (3)The 3-year disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival(OS) of RHNT-PBSCT group and MSNT-PBSCT group were (63±5.5)%, (65.2±4.7)% and (74.2±5.4)%, (77.4±5)% respectively, without significance (P=0.078, P=0.052). (4)aGVHD occurrence with HLA haplotype (P=0.003) and matched loci (P=0.002) were significantly correlated by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that only the HLA typing is a risk factor for aGVHD (HR=1.891, P=0.03).

CONCLUSIONAlthough the incidence of total aGVHD in RHNT-PBSCT protocol is higher than that in MSNT-PBSCT, but there was no significance in severe aGVHD and cutaneous aGVHD was the common type, which indicates that RHNT-PBSCT protocol is feasible.

Disease-Free Survival ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Haplotypes ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Incidence ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Risk Factors ; Siblings ; T-Lymphocytes