AIM: To analyze the therapeutic effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs on patients with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO-ME)in different age groups.

METHODS: The study retrospectively reviewed 102 patients(102 eyes)with CRVO-ME treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in ophthalmology department of the hospital between February 2017 and March 2019. The subjects were divided into CM1 group(under 50 years old, 50 cases, 50 eyes)and CM2 group(50 years old or older, 52 cases, 52 eyes), and were followed up for 12mo after treatment. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), intraocular pressure, average injection times, first injection interval, and complications were recorded.

RESULTS: After treatment, the BCVA of both groups was improved, and the CMT decreased. Besides, CM1 group had better BCVA and CMT than CM2 group at 9mo and 12mo(P<0.001). At 1mo, 2mo, and 3mo, the intraocular pressure of both groups was higher than that before treatment(P<0.01). The intraocular pressures of both groups was lower at 6mo and 9mo than at 3mo after treatment(P<0.05), which returned to the pre-treatment level at 12mo(P>0.05). Additionally, CM1 group had lower intraocular pressure than CM2 group at 1mo, 2mo, and 3mo after treatment(P<0.01). The average injection times in CM1 group was(3.24±0.35), more than(2.38±0.26)in CM2 group, and the first injection interval(1.75±0.19mo)was shorter than(4.13±0.42mo)in CM2 group(P<0.01). No serious complications such as cataract aggravation, retinal detachment, and endophthalmitis were observed in the two groups during follow-up.

CONCLUSION: The treatment with anti-VEGF drugs(ranibizumab)for CRVO-ME can significantly improve the patients' visual acuity, and reduce CMT. The condition can be significantly improved within 1mo after injection, without significant influence on intraocular pressure. Compared with patients over 50 years old, patients under 50 years old can obtain better results after treatment with ranibizumab, more significant improvement of visual acuity, significantly thinner CMT, smaller intraocular pressure fluctuations and shorter first injection interval.

Scutellariae Radix is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, which has the functions of heat-clearing and damp-drying, purging fire and detoxifying, hemostasis and miscarriage prevention. Modern pharmacological studies show that Scutellariae Radix has various effects, such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, liver protection and antiviral microorganisms. By searching the documents in the past ten years, the author has found that Scutellariae Radix and its active components play an important role in protecting the liver. It can prevent and cure liver injuries caused by different reasons, including acute or chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. Among all kinds(chemical, immunological, alcoholic, nonalcoholic, viral, ischemia-reperfusion, etc.) of acute or chronic hepatitis, most studies are on CCl_4 induced chemical liver injury. Scutellariae Radix and its active components can significantly reduce the serum transaminase level in hepatitis animals, and reduce the degree of liver pathological damage. The mechanisms include antioxidant stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, inhibition of immunity, anti-virus and regulation of lipid metabolism, etc. Scutellariae Radix and its active components can significantly inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduce extracellular matrix, and its anti-fibrosis mechanism involves antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, inducing apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells and so on. Whether in vivo or in vitro, Scutellariae Radix and its active components show a good anti-hepatocarcinoma effect, especially on hepatocarcinoma. Its prevention and treatment mechanisms for hepatocarcinoma mainly include blocking cancer cell cycle, inhibiting cancer cell metastasis, promoting cancer cell apoptosis and inducing autophagy. It can be seen that Scutellariae Radix has multiple functions and mechanisms in liver protection, and has a great development potential. Therefore, this paper reviews the prevention and treatment effects and mechanism of Scutellariae Radix and its components on different liver diseases, in order to provide reference for in-depth study, development and clinical application in the prevention and treatment of liver disease.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Flavonoids ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Scutellaria baicalensis

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) expression with the carcinogenesis and prognosis of rectal cancer.

METHODSCancer tissue samples from 120 rectal cancer patients confirmed by pathology in the People's Hospital of Yichun City from September 2005 to September 2010 were included in the study. Expressions of CTHRC1 and VEGF-C were examined by immunohistochemistry and their correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSThe expression of VEGF-C was positively correlated with tumor size (r=0.943), TNM stages (r=0.784) and tumor differentiation (r=0.773) (all P<0.05). Similarly, the expression of CTRHC1 was also positively correlated with tumor size (r=0.829), TNM stages (r=0.632) and tumor differentiation (r=0.532) (all P<0.05). Rectal cancer patients with low expression of VEGF-C and CTHRC1 had significantly longer survival than those with high expression of VEGF-C and CTHRC1 [(40.0±1.3) vs. (35.4±0.5) months, P<0.01, (39.0±0.5) vs. (35.0±0.5) months, P=0.014].

CONCLUSIONVEGF-C and CTHRC1 may synergistically promote the invasion and metastasis of human rectal cancer, and provide evidence in predicting the prognosis of patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitive effect of E1A gene carried by PEI-Fe(3)O(4) nanometer particle (NP) on the cell growth of human cervical carcinoma cell in vitro and its mechanism, and to provide the experimental evidence for the feasibility of gene therapy for human cervical carcinoma. METHODS: E1A gene conjugated to PEI-Fe3O4 NP was transfected into human cervical carcinoma cell line Hela. The cell growth curve of Hela was drawn, the doubling time and the number of colony formations on the soft agar were calculated based on the cell count. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of the E1A and HER-2/neu in Hela cells. RESULTS: The cell doubling time of Hela cells transfected with E1A gene (Hela-E1A) was 1.53 times and 1.58 times longer than that of the Hela transfected with blank vector (Hela-vector) and blank Hela control (Hela), respectively. The E1A transfected Hela cells grew slower than those of the control group. The cell colony formation efficiency in the Hela-E1A (6.62%) group was significantly lower than that of Hela (30.48%) and Hela-vector (28.3%) groups (P<0.05). As compared to Hela and Hela-vector, the inhibition rate of Hela-E1A was 78.28% and 76.62% respectively. RT-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that the overexpression of E1A through gene transfection significantly inhibited mRNA and protein expression of HER-2/neu in Hela cells. CONCLUSION E1A gene can suppress the cell growth of human cervical carcinoma cell Hela in vitro. Down-regulated expression of HER-2/neu gene by E1A overexpression in Hela might contribute to the Hela growth inhibitive effect of E1A.
Adenovirus E1A Proteins ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Transfection ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; therapy

Background:The prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus ( DM ) associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD)is increasing recently,and the relationship between DM and GERD has become a research hotspot. Aims:To study clinical features and influential factors of therapeutic efficacy of reflux esophagitis( RE)in elderly patients with type 2 DM(T2DM). Methods:Two hundred elderly patients with RE diagnosed by gastroscopy from March 2011 to October 2013 were enrolled,and divided into T2DM associated with RE( T2DM)group and RE group. The clinical features, endoscopic findings and therapeutic efficacy of the two groups were analyzed,and the influences of DM course and control of blood glucose on efficacy of RE were also analyzed. Results:The main manifestations of RE were extraesophageal symptoms,typical esophageal symptoms were less common. The overall efficacy rate decreased with the increase of endoscopic grade of RE,however,extraesophageal symptoms improved significantly. With the prolonging of DM course,the endoscopic grade of RE was increased,and the control of blood glucose was worse. The overall therapeutic efficacy was significantly reduced with the prolonging of DM course in patients with well controlled blood glucose. Conclusions:Extraesophageal symptoms are common,endoscopic grade of RE is worse and blood glucose is difficult to control in elderly T2DM patients associated with RE. DM course and status of blood glucose control have influences on the therapeutic efficacy of RE.

Objective: To investigate the effect and related mechanism of homocysteine (Hcy) on calcium overload in neonatal rat atrial cells (NRICs). Methods: NRICs were assigned to 9 groups after culture for 3 days: (1) control group; (2) Hcy group (0, 50, 100, 200, 500 μmol/L for 48 hours); (3) antioxidant group (NAC, 10 μmol/L for 24 hours); (4) Hcy+NAC group (500 μmol/L Hcy for 48 hours, then treated with 10 μmol/L NAC for 24 hours); (5) calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase Ⅱδ (CaMKⅡδ) inhibitor group (KN-93, 3 μmol/L KN-93 for 5 hours); (6) specific sodium current inhibitor group (ELE, 1 μmol/L ELE for 5 hours); (7) Hcy+KN-93 group (500 μmol/L Hcy for 48 hours, then treated with 3 μmol/L KN-93 for 5 hours); (8) Hcy+ELE group (500 μmol/L Hcy for 48 hours, then treated with 1 μmol/L ELE for 5 hours; (9) Hcy+KN-93+ELE group (500 μmol/L Hcy for 48 hours, then treated with 3 μmol/L KN-93 and 1 μmol/L ELE for 5 hours). Moreover, NRICs were also treated with CaMKⅡδ-siRNA lentivirus, and Nav1.5-siRNA lentivirus, negative lentivirus carrier containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) for 24 hours. The MOI values of the three groups were 10. Infection efficiency of lentivirus was determined by observing the percentage of GFP fluorescence under inverted fluorescence microscope after transfection for 24 hours, and cultured regularly with simultaneous Puro screening, then cells were grouped as Hcy+CaMKⅡδ-siRNA group, Hcy+Nav1.5-siRNA group and Hcy+negative group. The concentration of Ca²⁺ in NRICs ([Ca²⁺]i) of various groups was detected through Fluo-4/AM fluorescence probe, then 2', 7'- two chlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was used as a probe to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NRICs by flow cytometry. The malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase was detected by thiobarbituric acid colorimetry. The protein and mRNA expression level of CaMKⅡδ and Nav1.5 in NRICs were detected by Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: (1) ROS, MDA and SOD were similar between NAC group and control group, ROS and MDA were significantly increased, while SOD was significantly reduced in Hcy group in a concentration-dependent manner. (2) [Ca²⁺]i: The level of [Ca²⁺]i was (155.57+7.25), (187.43+13.07), (248.98+27.22) and (307.36+15.09) nmol/L in 50, 100, 200 and 500 μmol/L Hcy groups, which was significantly higher than that in the control group ((123.18+7.24) nmol/L, P<0.01). In addition, the level of [Ca²⁺]i in Hcy+NAC group ((222.87+23.71)nmol/L) was significantly lower than that in Hcy 500 μmol/L group ((305.15+39.45) nmol/L, P<0.05), while [Ca²⁺]i level was similar between NAC group and the control group. (3) The protein expression of CaMKⅡδ and Nav1.5 was significantly upregulated in Hcy groups than in the control group. The protein expression level of CaMKⅡδ-Thr287 was significantly lower in NAC group than in Hcy 500 μmol/L group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference on the protein expression levels of CaMKⅡδ-Thr287 and Nav1.5 between NAC group and control group (all P>0.05). (4) The protein expression levels of CaMKⅡδ-Thr287 and the concentration of [Ca²⁺]i were significantly lower in Hcy+KN-93 group and Hcy+KN-93+ELE group than in Hcy 500 μmol/L group (P<0.05). [Ca²⁺]i concentration was significantly lower in Hcy+KN-93 group, Hcy+ELE group and KN-93+ELE+Hcy group than in Hcy 500 μmol/L group (P<0.05). (5) The mRNA and protein expression levels of CaMKⅡδ and Nav1.5 in each group infected with lentivirus: the GFP expression was ideal post lentivirus transfection for 24 hours (up to 90%), which was significantly lower in the CaMKⅡδ-siRNA group and Nav1.5-siRNA group than in the negative infection group (all P<0.05), which was similar between negative infection group and control group (P>0.05). Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CaMKⅡδ and CaMKⅡδ-Thr287 was significantly lower in Hcy+Nav1.5-siRNA group than in Hcy+negative infection group (P<0.05). The protein and mRNA levels of Nav1.5 were similar between Hcy+CaMKⅡδ-siRNA group and Hcy+negative infection group (P>0.05). Conclusions Hcy can induce calcium overload in NRICs by increasing oxidative stress, upregulating the sodium channel protein, and activating the late sodium current and phosphorylating CaMKⅡδ.

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of compound coeruleum methylene blue preparation after thoracoscopic surgery,and to provide a new idea for the choice of analgesic drugs for thoracoscopic patients.Methods The clinical data of 116 patients who underwent selective thoracoscopic surgery in the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery of Jieyang People's Hospital from January 2016 to May 2018 were analyzed.This study was a prospective study.Research subjects were divided into control group (n =57) and observation group (n =59) by random digital table.In the two groups,no analgesic measures were used in advance,of which the patients in the control group were given the routine injection of piperidine hydrochloride by intramuscular injection after operation.While patients in the observation group were given intercostal nerve block across the upper and lower fibs after operation,and the dosage of compound methylene blue was 1 ml in each rib.on the basis with pethidine hydrochloride.The visual analog score and Ramsay sedation score were compared between the two groups of patients at 4 h,12 h 24 h and 48 h after operation and compared the use of pethidine hydrochloride,adverse drug reactions,ambulation time and hospitalization time.The counting data was expressed in terms of frequency and percentage (％).The measurement data were represented by ((x) ± s).The comparison of different time points within the group was performed by single-factor analysis of variance,and the comparison between the two groups was performed by independent sample t test.Results Compared with the control group's patients [in resting state,12 h:(3.85 ± 1.97) points;24 h:(2.74 ± 1.91) points;48 h:(2.11 ± 1.70) points;in activity state,12 h:(5.02 ± 1.64) points;24 h:(4.89 ± 1.36) points;48 h:(3.83 ± 1.51) points],the VAS scores of the patients in the observation group in resting state [12 h:(2.68 ± 1.24) points;24 h:(1.35 ± 1.16) points;48 h:(0.74 ± 0.63) points] and activity state[12 h:(3.81 ±1.53) points;24 h:(3.25±1.71) points;48 h:(2.42± 1.33)points] were significantly lower at 12 h,24 h and 48h after operation.Compared with the control group's patients 12 h [(2.58 ± 0.41) points] and 24 h [(2.29 ± 0.34) points],the Ramsay scores were significantly higher at 12 h[(2.93 ±0.35)points] and 24 h [(2.79 ±0.30)points] after operation (P＜0.05).The observation group's amount of piperidine hydrochloride was less,and the ambulation and hospitalization time were shorter than the control group's (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of analgesia-related adverse reactions in the control group and the observation group were 35.09％ and 27.12％,respectively,with no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Compound coeruleum methylenum's analgesic effect after thoracoscopic surgery is accurate and maintains long time,and the side effects are less and the operation is convenient.It is worthy of clinical application.

To investigate the expression of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in Xinjiang Uygur and Han nationalities and its prognostic significance. Our data showed that miR-34a expression in Uygur and Han CLL patients was significantly higher than that in their respective healthy controls, while miR-34a levels were similar between Uygur and Han patients. By comparing with known prognostic factors, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that miR-34a was a good predictive factor for the prognosis of CLL (demarcation value was 3.567 6). Survival analysis was further performed according to miR-34a expression level, that low expression of miR-34a translated into poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical treatment effectiveness of Clarithromycin combined with nasal glucocorticoids for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). METHOD: Clarithromycin was 0.25 g a day (the first two weeks was 0.25 g twice a day) and topical Triamcinolone Acetonide Acetate nasal spray was (220 microg/d) once a day. Fifty-six patients were enrolled in our research. Twenty-six patients of CRS without nasal polyps was treated for 12 to 28 weeks (average 16.62 weeks). Thirty patients of CRS with nasal polyps was treated for 12 to 33 weeks (average 20.03 weeks) after polypectomy. The patients' symptom were evaluated through Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) scale. Meanwhile sinus CT were evaluated by Lund-Mackey system before and after operation. RESULT: The score of CT scan was significantly decreased to 2.83 +/- 1.86 (t = 11.41, P < 0.01) in the CRS with nasal polyps group and to 2.43 +/- 1.91 (t = 12.86, P < 0.01) in the CRS without nasal polyps group after treatment. Recovery rate of CRS with nasal polyps group was 43.3% and of CRS without nasal polyps group was 50.0% with CT images. The self assessments of treatment efficiency was coincident with CT image in the two groups. CONCLUSION The treatment with Long term use of low dosage oral macrolide Clarithromycin combined with nasal steroid on CRS was efficacy. Polypectomy ,large dose antibiotic and steroid used in intraoperative period could significant improve the treatment efficiency of CRS with nasal polyps.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Clarithromycin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; drug therapy ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Cysathionine γ-lyase (CSE) is a core enzyme for the synthesis of endogenous H