Objective To investigate the printing technique of spiral CT three-dimensional (3D) colour image. Methods The 3D colour images of 136 patients were printed, with the equipment of Marconi spiral CT, personnel computer, colour ink printer, and network switchboard. Results All printed images were satisfied by this method. Conclusion This technique is economic, simple, and useful, and can meet the need for clinical diagnosis and operation.

Objective To explore the method and clinical effect of via -nasal ileus tube combined urografin to treat early postoperative inflammatory intestinal obstruction.Methods Retrospective analyzed the data of 27 patients with early postoperative inflammatory intestinal obstruction who treated through via -nasal ileus tube intervention. Results The 27 patients were cured through conservative treatment and the cure rate was 100%.The symptom of 10 cases got complete remission 4 to 7 days after put the ileus tube,17 cases got complete remission 8 to 13 days. The passage of gas by anus recovery time was average (12.3 ±2.6)days,time of therapy was average (16.1 ± 3.7)days.The patients were followed up for 6 months to 1 year,none of the patients relapsed.Conclusion The early postoperative inflammatory intestinal obstruction should be treated through conservative treatment positively,decom-pression by via -nasal ileus tube combined urografin has important role to diagnose and treat the disease,the therapy can enhance the therapeutic effect validly and shorten the treatment cycle,it is safe to use in clinic and the effect is satisfactory.

Objective To evaluate the value of furosemide in magnetic resonance urography(MRU) with low field magnet.Methods The routine MRU and MRU after administration of intravein of furosemide were performed with heavily T_2 weighted fast spin echo pulse sequence in 32 cases with urethral diseases.Then three-dimensional(3D) reconstruction for post procedure processing with a maximum-intensity projection(MIP)algorithm was done.Results On routine MRU,there were no image of collecting systems of kidney in 5 cases,and poor images of parenchyma and collecting systems of kidney in 18 cases after using furosemide before MRU,MRU provided high resolution images of parenchyma and collecting systems of kidney in all cases,and images were much clear,the localized diagnosis was accurate.Conclusion MRU using furosemide before scanning can display the parenchyma and collecting systems of kidney distinctively,so furosemide can be regarded as a routine method used before MRU with low field magnet.

BACKGROUND: The attack of temporal epilepsy is associated with the loss and death of hippocampal neurons, in which the specific pattern and mechanism of the loss of hippocampal neurons are still unclear, and it is hard to make sure the inevitable association of the epileptic discharge with activation of cysteine-containing ASPartate-specific protease (caspase 3)and neuronal apoptosis, of hippocampal neurons.OBJECTIVE: To observe the neuronal apoptosis and caspase 3 gene expression of in vitro cultured rat hippocampal neurons of epilepsy models.DESIGN: An open experiment.SETTINGS: Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA; Department of Neurosurgery,Changzheng Hospital, the University.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the Neurosurgery Laboratory of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June 2002 to June 2003. Ten male or female SD rats with 24 hours after birth were used. The Caspase 3 flow detection kit was purchased from American BD Company, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were synthetized by Shanghai Haojia Company.METHODS: ① The SD rats within 24 hours after birth were killed by cutting down the head to remove the brain, then bilateral hippocampi were taken out, and hippocanpal neuron models of epileptic discharge were established. The discharge of the models was recorded with whole cell patch clamp technique. The neurons cultured for 8 days and treated with Mg-free medium were taken as epileptic discharge model group, and those cultured for 8 days but not treated with Mg-free medium were taken as the blank control group, and the changes of potentials were recorded. ② The fulllength cDNA of caspase 3 was cloned with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and then it was labeled. The expression of caspase 3 gene and neuronal apoptosis were detected with in situ hybridization and flow cytometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Results of cDNA cloning of caspase 3; ② Results of Caspase 3 in situ hybridization; ③ Results of apoptosis.RESULTS: ① The products amplified by RT-PCR showed DNA segment lanes of about 800 bp after treated with 12 g/L agarose gel electrophoresis (Figure 1), which was concordant with the predicted value. The detection of DNA sequence showed that the length of the obtained cloning open-reading frame was 843 bp. ② The hybridization showed that in the blank control group, the positively stained hippocampal neurons were less than 10%, the neurites were well-stacked, and formed extensive synaptic association; In the epileptic discharge model group, the positively stained neurons were obviously increased at 3 hours after the Mg-free treatment, and there were many strongly and positively stained neurons at 12 hours, all these neurons kept the neurites, which became little. ③ The flow cytometry showed that at 6 hours after the Mg-free treatment, the apoptotic cells began to increase obviously, the numbers of apoptotic cells in certain times were not the same.CONCLUSION: Epileptic discharge can trigger the caspase 3 gene expression, by which neuronal apoptosis is induced.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the valsartan concentration in human plasma METHODS:The plasma sample was extracted with a liquid-solid method and determined with HPLC,stationary phase was Hypensil ODS C18(4 6nm?200nm,5?m),mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0 01mol/L KH2PO4 buffer(pH 2 8)(50∶50) The flow rate was 1 5ml/min Detection was performed with fluorescence detector at ?ex 265nm,?em 378nm RESULTS:The retention time of valsartan was about 5 4 minutes,and the linear range of quantity was 0 05～5?g/ml The recoveries of methodology were more than 90%(n=5) Inter-day and intra-day RSD were less then 10%(n=5) CONCLUSION:This method is rapid and accurate It can be applied to determining the plasma valsartan concentration and studying on pharmacokinetics

In many pathogens infection,especially virus,antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE) can aggravate the infection and lead to severe diseases.In this immunopathological phenomenon,virus-specific antibodies enhance the entry of virus into monocytes,macrophages and granulocytic cells and even the replication of virus through different mechanism.This phenomenon has been reported in numerous pathogens including virus,bacteria and parasite and the mechanisms of ADE vary from different species.Further study of ADE can promote the vaccine research and development to make the most use of vaccine and prevent human body from pathogens,which will be helpful to control the spread of pathogens including Zika virus.In the present review,we review the research progress of ADE mechanism in recent years,including antibodies mediating,receptors mediating,complement mediating,viral proteins mediating and cellular mediating ADE.In addition,dengue virus,human immunodeficiency virus,Coxsackie virus,Ebola virus,Zika virus and other pathogens will be illustrated respectively.This review provides insights on the different mechanism of ADE in different pathogens.

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics and epidemic intensity of measles in China between 2005 and 2013 , and to provide evidence for reasonable allocation of health resources and measles elimination in China . Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to measles surveillance data and demographic information during this study.Results A total of 597 594 cases, including 366 deaths, were reported from all over China , among whom 355 409 were males (59.47%) and 242 185 were females (40.53%).The average annual incidence was 5.07/100 000 and the average annual mortality was 0.0031/100 000.The majority of cases were children under 10 years old, accouning for 64.64%.Conclusion The incidence of measles in China is decreasing .Measles mainly occurrs in spring and there is significant difference between age and gender groups , and obvious regional differences are also found .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of scalp-acupuncture on intelligence in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS: A total of 108 VaD patients were randomly divided into two groups: scalp-acupuncture group and Western medicine group. The scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Blesse Dementia Scale (BDS), Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS), Abilities of Daily Life (ADL) before and after treatment in the two groups were detected. RESULTS: A total of 92 patients completed the treatment. The scores of MMSE, BDS and HDS in the two groups were significantly increased, and the ADL scores significantly declined (P<0.05). There was no difference in the scores of MMSE, BDS, HDS and ADL between the two groups before and after the treatment. There was no difference in the total effectiveness between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Scalp-acupuncture therapy could improve the clinical intelligence level of VaD patients.

Objectives This study aimed at investigating the cellular mechanism of isoproterenol (ISO) on delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and triggered activity (TA) of the noninfarcted myocardium in the myocardial infarcted rabbit model.Methods Rabbits with the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion were prepared and recovered for 8 wk (healed myocardial infarction, HMI). Myocytes were isolated from regions of the noninfarcted left ventricular free wall. ISO was added to cellular surface by perfusion way. Action potentials and ion currents were recorded with whole-cell patch clamp. Results The results showed that treatment with ISO induced more DADs and TA events in HMI myocytes. Iti and ICa-L of myocytes treated with ISO were increased significantly compared with HMI cells, which contributed to DADs-related triggered arrhythmia. Conclusions The results suggested that more arrhythmia events of DADs and TA developed in myocytes with ISO treatment. The underlying mechanism was associated with the augment of Iu and calcium influxing.