Objective To investigate the protective effects of insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1) on cortical neurons under condition of hypoxia and the possible mechanism. Methods Cerebral cortical neurons from newborn rats were cultured under the condition of oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) . On day 7, neurons were treated with IGF-1 or IGF-1 plus LY294002 or PD98059 under condition of OGD or normal condition. MTT assay was used to analyze the viability of neurons in each group. The expression of total Akt and p-Akt were analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with the control, the neuron viability was significantly higher in IGF-1 treated group under normal or OGD condition (P＜0.05). The protective effects of IGF-1 were attenuated in the presence of LY294002 but not PD98059. The result of Western blot showed IGF-1 upregulated the expression of p-Akt, which was inhibited by LY294002. Conclusion PI3K pathway may play an important role in neuroprotection afforded by IGF-1.

Objective To investigate the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on blood-brain barrier of focal cerebral ischemia rats, and explore the mechanism of the decoction. Methods The model of focal cerebral ischemia was made by thread embolism method. SD rats were divided randomly into sham-operated group, model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction group. Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was given Buyang Huanwu Decoction by gavage, the sham-operated group and model group were given normal saline of the same quantity 24 h after modeling. The nervous function deficit scores was evaluated, brain tissues and serum were taken from the rats after treating for seven days, infarct volume was detected by TTC staining, and pathological changes of microvessel were observed microscopically in HE stained sections. And the protein level of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF in brain tissue and the serum levels of vWF in serum of every groups were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with model group, Buyang Huanwu Decoction significantly improved the neurological behavior performance, decreased the cerebral infarct volume, alleviated the pathological changes and decreased the protein level of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF, vWF. Conclusion Buyang Huanwu Decoction has the protective effect on blood-brain barrier in the model rats of focal cerebral ischemia. The mechanism may be related with restrainning the expression of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF, vWF.

Objective To analyze the clinical value of ultrasound and ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy ( UNB) in the evaluation of axillary lymph node metastasis for breast cancer.Methods A total of 454 cases of breast cancer treated between June 2008 and August 2014 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.UNB was performed on patients with abnormal ultrasonic diagnosis of axillary lymph nodes.Among them, 354 cases underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or endocrine therapy while 100 cases underwent surgery after UNB.The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and false negative rate of ultrasound and UNB were evaluated.Results Among the 454 patients with abnormal axillary lymph nodes of ultrasound imaging, the metastasis rate with UNB was 70.9%,while the negative rate was 29.1%.Among the 100 cases who underwent surgery after UNB, the metastasis rate was 25% while the ultrasound imaging lymph node longitudinal and transversal ( L/T)≤1.5,the lymph node size>1 cm,and the metastasis rate was 92.3%(12/13).UNB showed that sensitivity was 64.1%, specificity 100%, accuracy 86%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 81.3%,and false negative rate was 18.7%.The results of UNB seemed consistent with those of postoperative pathological diagnosis, the Kappa value being 0.685.Based on 2 and 3 needles, the above mentioned 6 indices were 50% and 77.8%, 100% and 100%, 77.8% and 92.5%, 100% and 100%, 71.4% and 89.7%,and 28.6%and 10.3%, respectively.The Kappa value of UNB based on 3 needles was higher than on 2 needles (0.822 vs 0.526 ) .Conclusion Ultrasound is a valuable tool for detecting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.UNB can accurately determine the axillary lymph node metastasis status.UNB based on 3 needles shows a higher accuracy than on 2 needles.

Objective To investigate neurological function, volume of cerebral infarction, changes of lipid peroxidation, and the intervention effect of compound angelica injection (CAI) on rats with focal cerebral ischemia injury. Methods Models of rat with cerebral ischemia were reproduced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). All animals were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group, CAI group, and edaravone group. 1 hour after the models were established, rats in the sham-operation group and model group received intraperitoneal injection with normal saline, while rats in CAI group and edaravone group received intraperitoneal injection with relevant medicine for continuing 7 days. Volume of cerebral infarction was detected by Tetrazole staining method, neurologic function were detected by neuroethology, and concentration of MDA in brain tissue was also detected. Results After 7-day cerebral ischemia, compared with the model group, volume of cerebral infarction in CAI group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the concentration of MDA was a little lower. Conclusion CAI has significant protective effects which can significantly improve neurological function, reduce volume of cerebral infarction, and alleviate the effects of lipid peroxidation of rats with focal cerebral ischemia injury.

Base Sequence ; Child ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Noonan Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of action of Wuzi Yanzong pill (WYP) in rats with oligoasthenozoospermia (OAZ) via metabolomics and to provide a possible basis for improving this WYP-based treatment. Methods: A rat model of OAZ was established by treating male Sprague–Dawley rats with glucosides from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. Seventy-two rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, L-carnitine (positive control), model, and low-, medium-, and high-dose WYP groups. Rats in the experimental groups were treated with WYP for 4 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, sperm cell quality (density, motility, and viability) was assessed using a semen analysis system, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed using flow cytometry, and testicular injury was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining to validate the therapeutic effect of WYP in OAZ. Further, serum metabolomics-based analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify differential metabolic pathways and possible mechanisms of action of WYP in OAZ treatment. Results: A rat model of OAZ was considered successfully-established after comparing the quality of spermatozoa in the model group to that in the control group. WYP-M and WYP-H treatments significantly improved sperm cell density, motility, and viability compared with those in the model group (all P < .05). Compared with the model group, both WYP-M and WYP-H treatments increased MMP values (P = .006 and P = .021 respectively), while there was no significant difference in the L-carnitine group. L-carnitine and WYP administration reversed damage to the testes to varying degrees compared with that in the model group. Further, 44 differential metabolites and four metabolic pathways, especially autophagy pathway, related to OAZ were identified via metabolomics. Conclusions WYP improves sperm cell quality and MMP in OAZ primarily via autophagy regulation. These findings can be employed to improve the efficacy of WYP in humans.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of detecting MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA with peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer.Methods The ex-pression of 98 patients of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14 mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid were de-teced by RT-PCR in patients with gastric cancer.30 patients with benign peritoneal lavage fluid were in the negative control group.Results The positive expression rates of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA in the peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer were 42 /98(42.9%) and 40 /98(40.8%).but they were 2 /30(6.67%)、3.33% (1 /30)respectively in normal control (P <0.01).The positive expression rate of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA were related to the depth of invasion,peritoneal metastasis,macroscopic type (P <0.01).Conclusion RT-PCR de-tection on the expression of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer can be used to predict the peritoneal metastases.MMP-2 and MMP-14 may be involved in the peritoneal metastasis process.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants. Its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Research has found that, in addition to insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, immune disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of GDM. This study reviews the recent research on the involvement of common immune cells in the pathophysiological process of GDM to explore the functional changes of immune cells related to the occurrence and development of GDM and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of GDM.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of detecting MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA with peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer.Methods The ex-pression of 98 patients of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14 mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid were de-teced by RT-PCR in patients with gastric cancer.30 patients with benign peritoneal lavage fluid were in the negative control group.Results The positive expression rates of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA in the peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer were 42 /98(42.9%) and 40 /98(40.8%).but they were 2 /30(6.67%)、3.33% (1 /30)respectively in normal control (P <0.01).The positive expression rate of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA were related to the depth of invasion,peritoneal metastasis,macroscopic type (P <0.01).Conclusion RT-PCR de-tection on the expression of MMP-2mRNA and MMP-14mRNA in peritoneal lavage fluid in patients with gastric cancer can be used to predict the peritoneal metastases.MMP-2 and MMP-14 may be involved in the peritoneal metastasis process.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy, which seriously endangers the health of mothers and infants. Its incidence is gradually increasing worldwide. Research has found that, in addition to insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, immune disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of GDM. This study reviews the recent research on the involvement of common immune cells in the pathophysiological process of GDM to explore the functional changes of immune cells related to the occurrence and development of GDM and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of GDM.