Radial Basis Function Neural Network Based on Plate Model （P-RBFNN） is constructed for resolution of chromatographic peaks of unknown components number. Then a two-phase sorting genetic algorithm (TP-SGA)-training structure and evolving is intruduced to train the network so that it has the ability of re-constructed structure. TP-SGA has robustness and random globe optimization.　The alternate use of gradient descent and TP-SGA makes the network have the ability to learn structure,　therefore makes itself adaptable to resolution of the chromatographic peaks of unknown components number.　The method proposed here needs no artificial interference,　not only has it robustness and globalism. With its characteristics related above and its ability of decomposing and analysing, this method has obvious advantages comparing with others.

Objective To analyze the related factors associated with the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in Goto-Kakizaki rats.Methods In GK rats undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,the weight,food intake,and the fasting blood glucose were retrospectively analyzed before surgery and 1,3,6,12,24 weeks after surgery,and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations were retrospectively analyzed before surgery and 4,12,24 weeks after surgery.According to preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations,GK rats were divided into 3 groups(group A,HbAlc 6.5％-7.9％; group B,HbAlc 8.0％-9.9％ ; group C,HbAlc ＞ 10％).Results The fasting blood glucose and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations significantly decreased 1 week after surgery(P ＜ 0.01),on 24 weeks after operation,the fasting blood glucose levels decreased from(12.1 ± 3.0)mmol/L to(7.6 ± 1.3)mmol/L,and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations declined from(9.2％ ± 1.8％)to(6.3％ ± 0.8％).Preoperative fasting blood glucose was(11.1 ± 2.2)mmol/L and(15.8 ± 2.3)mmol/L respectively,and the preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentration was(8.6％ ± 1.4％)and(11.5％ ± 1.4％)respectively(P ＜ 0.01).Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis identified preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations as an independent predictor for the cure rate(P ＜ 0.01); Differences were significant between group A and group C,and group B and group C on the efficiency of the surgery(P ＜0.01).Conclusions Significant correlation established between glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations and the efficiency of the surgery,especially for those rats with preoperative HbAlc ＜ 10％.

Objective To observe the effect of tacrolimus(FK506)in promoting repair of the injured spinal cord pathway after neural stem cell transplantation in rats. Methods A neurysm clip was used to compress the T8 spinal cord segment of SD rats under microscope to establish model of spinal cord injury.The rats were randomly divided into three groups seven days after injury,ie,control group (injection of normal saline at the injury center),transplantation group(injection of neural stem cells,NSCs,at the injury center),FK506 group(injection of NSCs at the injury center plus 7 days of intrapernerve conduction was compared by using the Basso-Beatfle-Bresnahan (BBB) scale,BDA tracing,somatosensory evoked potential(SEP)and motor evoked potentials(MEP)monitoring at 1,2,4 and 8weeks. Results The motor function of the hind limb after injury was recovered in various degrees with time,with the most significant recovery at 4 weeks.The BBB score reached 6,the maximum at 8 weeks.BDA tracing showed that some nerve fibers were found crossing the injured center of the spinal cord one week later in FK506 group and cell transplantation group,that BDA-positive labeled corticospinal tract fibets were seen across the injury site in all groups by the end ofthe eight weeks.In the FKS06 group,the regeneration could be observed even as 1.7 cm away from tlle injury center.SEP latency was significantly shorter in the FK506 group after two weeks(P<0.05)and the MEP latency in the FK506 group was shortened significantly at four weeks compared with the other groups(P<0.05),indicating that the immunosuppressants could promote the recovery of the injured spihal cord,shorten the latency of SEP and MEP，improve SEP at early stage and MEP at late stage．Conclusions Systemic application immuno suppressive agents FK506 plays an important role in neuroprotection and neurotrophy，which promotes the repair of the injured spinal cord after neural stem cell transplantation．

Objective To modify the method of gavage administration in guinea pigs. Methods Fourty awake guinea pigs were kept rearing on the hind legs and leaning on a vertical fixture to avoid their escaping forward. A 1 mL injector was inserted into the mouth to the depth when the molar teeth were passed. Another fourty guinea pigs under general anesthesia were reversed at trendelenburg position and a children suction tube with an outer diameter of 2 mm was inserted into the stomach. Results All of the 80 guinea pigs were administered by modified gavage smoothly for seven consecutive days by one operator each time. None endured much pain or digestive tract injury, or died from air way perfusion by mistake. Conclusions We successfully modified the gavage method in guinea pigs, which would definitely take guinea pigs involved in intragastical pharmacal experiments besides the routine of rats and mice.

Objective To explore the surgical intervention outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)pa-tients with different extent of the disease.Methods The data of 25 pediatric patients with NEC who were treated with surgical intervention in Shanghai Children′s Hospital from December 201 1 to December 201 5 were retrospectively ana-lyzed.According to the extent of the disease,the patients were divided into 3 groups:focal disease(F),multisegmental disease(M),and pan -involvement(P).The information including operation style,survival rate and time for close osto-my was analyzed.Results There were 1 1 cases with F,8 cases with M,and 6 cases with P.All patients received lapa-rotomy surgery,colostomy,or peritoneal drainage.There were 1 2 patients with very low birth weight,7 patients with low birth weight,6 patients with normal birth weight in this study.There were 1 7 cases with gastrointestinal perforation (9 cases with pneumoperitoneum,8 cases without pneumoperitoneum),8 cases without digestive tract perforation (4 cases without pneumoperitoneum,4 cases with enterostenosis after conservative treatment).In this study,close ostomy was commonly conducted 3 -6 months after the operation,except for 3 cases who received 2 or more times of operation.The survival rate in F group was 1 00.0%(1 1 /1 1 cases),higher than those in the Mgroup with 62.5%(5 /8 cases)and P group with 1 6.7%(1 /6 cases)(χ2 =4.898,1 0.31 2,all P <0.05).However,there was no difference between Mgroup and P group (χ2 =1 .367,P >0.05).Conclusions The extent of disease is correlated to the outcomes of surgical in-tervention,as F had a better outcome than Mand P.Low birth weight is a risk factor for NEC.Protecting the edge of the bowel is a key factor to ensure the survival and improve the quality of life of NEC patients.Close ostomy should be con-sidered when the patients are in a stable condition (liver function and intestinal function recovery,good nutrition condi-tion,etc),and under special circumstances to conduct early or delayed closure of fistula.

Objective To enhance awareness of the dangerous of multiple magnets ingestion in children and to explore the optimal treatment of it.Methods The clinical data of 3 cases with multiple magnet ingestion were retrospectively studied based on literature review.Results Ingestion of multiple magnets (range:2-5 magnets) magnets occurred in 3 cases.Age ranged from 1 to 8 years old.Magnet sources included:2 from children's family,1 from their kindergarten.All patients had several bowel perforations(range:2-4).One case was completed by laparoscopic,1 case was converted to open suegery after laparoscopy,1 case was done by open surgery.All cases got complete recovery after surgical treatment,and no complications occurred by follow-up.Conclusions Ingestion of multiple magnets may show minimal initial physical manifestations at beginning but may result in significant complications later.Two or more magnets separated from each other along the gastrointestinal tract can attract each other across bowel walls,with may result in pressure necrosis,bowel perforation,and fistulas formation and even death.Early surgical consultation with an aggressive surgical approach is recommended.Family and society should be aware of the dangers of magnet ingestion.

Objective To observe therapeutical effects of gastric bypass on non-obese type 2 diabetes patients.Methods From June 2008 to April 2010,data of 47 patients with both gastric lesions and non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing gastric bypass in the Institute of General Surgery were studied.The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the operation type:total stomach resection plus Roux-en-Y anastomosis ( n =20),partial stomach resection plus Roux-en-Y anastomosis(n =13)and Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy(n =14).They were followed for 6 months after surgery.Level of body mass index (BMI),fasting blood glucose (FBG) and GLP-1 was measured before operation and on the 1 st week,2nd week,1 st month,3rd month,and 6th month after operation.The level of glycosylated hemoglobin was measured before operation and on the 3rd and 6th month after operation.The prognosis of the patients on the 6th month after surgery was evaluated.Results Compared with preoperative level,FBG level in all the 3 groups significantly decreased on the 1 st week after surgery and maintained a similar level during the follow-up period (P ＜ 0.01 ).GLP-1 level was elevated after operation (P ＜0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).On the 3rd and 6th month after operation,glycosylated hemoglobin level in all the 3 groups significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05 ).The change of the above parameters was greater in groups undergoing Roux-en-Y anastomosis than in Billroth Ⅱ group(P ＜ 0.05 ).The control rate of T2DM for Billroth Ⅱ,partial stomach resection plus Roux-en-Y anastomosis and total stomach resection plus Roux-en-Y anastomosis was 78.5％(11/14),100％ (13/13) and 100％ (20/20)respectively on the 6th month after surgery,indicating Roux-en-Y gastric bypass had better effect of blood glucose control than Billroth Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05 ).Postoperative BMI decreased significantly in all groups (P ＜ 0.05) and there was no statistical difference between all the groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions All groups of gastric bypass are effective in terms of glucose control.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is more effective than Billroth Ⅱ on diabetes control and its therapeutic effect is independent of weight loss.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on patients with different preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) level.Methods From Jan.2008 to Dec.2009,54 patients with gastric lesions and type 2 diabetes mellitus were preoperatively divided into 3 groups:group A (HbAlc:6.5％ -7.9％ ),group B ( HbAlc:8.0％ - 9.9％ ),and group C ( HbAlc ＞ 10％ ).They all underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and HbAlc concentration were measured before surgery and 12,24,48 weeks after surgery.The antidiabetic medication was analyzed before surgery and 48 weeks after surgery.Results FPG and HbAlc concentration decreased significantly after surgery ( P ＜ 0.01 ).FPG and HbAlc concentration differed greatly between the different groups ( P ＜ 0.01 ).With the increase of preoperative HbAlc,FPG and HbAlc concentrations were poorly controlled after surgery.Conclusion Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery can effectively improve glucose metabolism for patients with preoperative HbAlc ＜ 10％.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided continuous transverses abdominis plane (TAP) block when used for postoperative analgesia in the patients undergoing total hysterectomy.Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 38-64 yr,weighing 50-80 kg,undergoing elective total hysterectomy with general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups using a random number table:continuous TAP block group (CTAP group,n =21) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) group (n=19).In group CTAP,bilateral TAP block was performed with 0.2％ ropivacaine 20 ml under ultrasound guidance before operation,and 0.2％ ropivacaine 5 ml/h was infused into bilateral TAPs after extubation.In group PCIA,the patients received PCIA with sufentanil 1 μg/ml after extubation,and the PCIA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose,a 15 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h.Analgesia lasted until 72 h after operation in both groups.When visual analog scale＞4,morphine 5 mg was intramuscularly injected as rescue analgesic.The recovery time of postoperative intestinal function,length of hospital stay,patient's satisfaction with analgesia,requirement for rescue analgesia,TAP block-related adverse reactions and development of postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded.In group CTAP,blood samples were collected from the peripheral vein immediately after the end of operation and at 2,6,12,24,48 and 72 h after operation for determination of concentrations of ropivacaine in plasma and free ropivacaine in plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Compared with group PCIA,the requirement for rescue analgesia and incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly decreased,the recovery time of postoperative intestinal function was shortened,the score for patient's satisfaction with analgesia was increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the length of hospital stay in group CTAP (P＞0.05).No TAP block-related adverse reactions were found in group CTAP.In group CTAP,the concentration of ropivacaine in plasma began to increase at 2 h after operation and peaked at 48 h after operation,the concentration of free ropivacaine in plasma began to increase at 2 h after operation and peaked at 24 h after operation (P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided continuous TAP block produces good analgesic efficacy when used for the patients undergoing total hysterectomy.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of of heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with modified Pipa qingfei decoction for acne vulgaris.METHODS:A total of 120 patients with acne vulgaris were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 60 cases in each group.Control group was given Minocycline hydrochloride capsules 50 mg/d,bid.Observation group was given heat-sensitive moxibustion (every other day) combined with modified Pipa qingfei decoction (one dose every day,decocting to 300 mL,morning and night).Both groups were treated for 42 d.Skin lesion score and serum testosterone level were observed in 2 groups before treatment,1st and 90th day after the end of treatment.Clinical efficacies were evaluated in 2 groups on 1st and 90th day after the end of treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was observed in 2 groups during treatment.RESULTS:Before observation,there was no significant difference in these indexes.On 1st day after the end of treatment,the scores of skin lesion items and serum testosterone level in 2 groups were all decreased significantly compared to before treatment,and the scorns of skin lesion items in observation group were significantly lower than control group (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the serum testosterone level between 2 groups (P＞0.05).On 90th day after the end of treatment,the scores of skin lesion items and serum testosterone level in control group had no statistical significance compared to before treatment (P＞0.05).The scores of skin lesion items and serum testosterone level in observation group were decreased significantly compared before treatment,and were significantly lower than control group at corresponding period (P＜0.05).On 1st and 90th day after the end of treatment,total response rates of observation group were 85.00％ and 73.33％,which were significantly higher than 73.33％ and 55.00％ of control group,with statistical isgnificance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The heat-sensitive moxibustion combined with modified Pipa qingfei decoction can significantly reduce the scores of skin lesion and serum testosterone levels,improves the symptoms of skin lesions,and shows good safety.