Objective To establish a method for the identification of herbs i n Shenning granules. Method Radix Astragali, Herb Leonuri and Rhizoma Chunxio ng were identified by TLC. Results Under the selected condition, the clear and distinguished spots were obtained. Conclusion The method is simple and eff ective and can be used to control the quality of the preparation.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the contents of hydrochloric stachydrine in the shenning granule by TLC-scanning Method.METHODS:The acetone-dehydrated alcohol-HCl(10∶6∶1)were used as developing agents,the potassium hep-taiodobismuthate test solution-1%trichloride ferric dehydrated alchhol solution(2∶1)were used as the color-developing a-gents,the detection wavelength was530nm,the reference wavelength was670nm,the slit size was0.4mm?0.4mm,the lin-earization parameter Sx=3.RESULTS:The spot peak area score assumed a satisfactory linear relationship when the electric sample size for the hydrochloric stachydrine at a range of2.412?g～6.432?g(r=0.9972),the recovery was98.93%(RSD=1.15%).CONCLUSION:This method is simple,accurate,and this determination method has a good reproducibility,which can be used for the quality control of the shenning granule.

Objective To explore the relationship between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) Mycoplasma load and clinical characteristics in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia.Methods MP DNA was quantitatively detected by fluorescent real-time PCR in BALF from 67 children with MP pneumonia.They were classified into three groups:low MP load group (＜ 103/ml,21 cases),moderate MP load group (103-106/ml,22 cases) and high MP load group (＞ 106/ml,24 cases).Clinical symptom,main laboratory and imaging results of children among three groups were compared.Results When compared with low MP load group and moderate MP load group,high MP load group had longer fever duration [(7.4 ± 2.6),(10.0 ± 2.4) d vs.(12.4 ± 2.7) d],longer time to normalization of temperature with macrolide administration [(4.2 ± 1.0),(8.5 ± 2.4) d vs.(10.8 ± 4.4) d],more patients with high fever,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Statistically significant difference existed in C-reactive protein among three groups [(3.0 ± 1.4),(11.5 ±7.6),(34.0 ± 10.1) mg/L] (P =0.004).Large field of consolidation or atelectasis were found in 58.3％ (14/24) of high MP load group,much higher than 22.7％ (5/22) in moderate MP load group and 14.3％ (3/21) in low MP load group.Bilateral or massive pleural effusion was not found in low MP load group,while in moderate MP load and high MP load group,they were 13.6 ％ (3/22) and 25.0％ (6/24)(P =0.033).Conclusions There is a close relationship between MP load in BALF and clinical characteristics in children with MP pneumonia.Those with high MP load have a more severe process.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of sertraline plus doxazosin and tadalafil in the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE).Methods From Feb.to Aug.2011,One hundred and five patients from 19 to 52 years old with PE but without any obvious organic cause were enrolled in this study.They were randomly divided into Groups A,B and C in equal number.All the three Groups received 50 mg sertraline daily 4 to 6 hours before planned sexual activity for 12 weeks,Group B were added with 4 mg Doxazosin every day 8 to 9 hour before planned sexual activity,and Group C were given 20 mg Tadalafil as needed one hour before planned sexual activity.The mean intravaginal ejaculatory latency time,the mean intercourse satisfaction domain values and the sexual activity satisfaction domain values of the patient couples of group A before treatment were 0.6±±0.1 min,8.3±1.3,5.3±1.4; Group B were 0.6±0.1 min,7.6± 1.5,5.6± 1.5 ; Group C were 0.6±0.1 min,8.1 ± 1.1,5.0± 1.2,respectively.We observed before and after the treatment for 12 weeks and the effects were evaluated.Results The mean intravaginal ejaculatory latency time,the mean intercourse satisfaction domain values and the sexual activity satisfaction domain values of the patient couples of group A were 3.9±0.l min,10.6±0.1,9.7±0.1,respectively; Group B were 4.5 ± 0.1 min,12.8±1.3,11.9±1.6; Group C were 5.6±0.3 min,14.6±1.4,13.1±1.5,respectively.The mean intravaginal ejaculatory latency time improved in all of the 3 groups,but more significantly in Group B and C (P＜0.05).The mean intercourse satisfaction domain values of the IIEF were significantly greater in Group B and C than in Group A (P＜0.05) after the treatment; and the sexual activity satisfaction domain values of the patient couples were greater in Group C than in Group B after the treatment,but it is not significant.As for the side effects,5 cases in group A felt headaches and dizzy (14.3％),8 cases in group B felt headaches and dizzy (22.9％),and in group C,9 cases felt headaches and dizzy (25.7％),6 cases experienced flushing episodes on the body (17.1％).there was a higher rate of headaches (P＜0.05) and flushing episodes (P＜0.05) in Group B and C than in Group A.Conelusions Sertraline combined with Tadalafil or Doxazosin can achieve significantly better results than sertraline alone in patients with premature ejaculation.However,the combined treatment is associated with a slightly increased in the drug related side effects,and there is no significant difference in the efficacy of Sertraline Plus Tadalafil or Doxazosin in the treatment of premature ejaculation.

Regulation of gene expression is one of the most importa nt responses of cells to DNA damage induced by radiation. A novel expressed seq u ence tag (EST) fragment had been cloned from human embryo lung cells induced by 50cGy radiation and named RIG1. To clone the full-length cDNA of RIG1, a non-c loned cDNA library of human embryo lung cells induced by low dose irradiation ha d been established. This library was used as template in enchanced nest RACE PCR and biotin-labeled probe was used for further purification. The 3′ flanking s equence of this EST was cloned and sequenced with this set of technology. It was illuminated by homology analysis that this 3′ flanking sequence and the origin al EST are well aligned with a BAC clone of 20th chromosome and the predic ted exons sequence of this chromosome is well consisten ce with the real EST. Thus the RIG1 can be roughly located in 20th chromos ome. By use of the exons sequence predicted from chromosome sequence by GENSCA N, full-length of RIG1 gene has been cloned. Chromosome location of RIG1 gene i s further determined by this successful verification of Bioinformatics predictio n by experiment. By the same step, genome sequence of RIG1 has been determined. Therefore,by the combined use of Bioinformatics analysis，the full-length cDNA sequence and genome sequence of RIG1 gene are obtained and the predicted protei n sequence is determined.

ObjectiveToinvestigatetheeffectsofcaveolin1(Cav1)onexpressionsofproinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1βand IL-6 in the ischemic cortex after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. Methods The Cav-1 knockout mice (n=40) and wild-type mice (n=40) were randomly divided into ischemia groups and sham operation groups (n=20 in each group). They w ere also redivided into ischemia or sham operation at 3, 7, 10 and 14 d time points ( n=5 in each time point). A permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model w as induced by the suture method. Immunohistochemical method w as used to detect the expressions of IL-1βand IL-6 in the ischemic cortex. Results The expression levels of IL-1βand IL-6 in the ischemic cortex at each time point in the ischemia group in Cav1 knockout mice w ere significantly higher than those in the ischemia group in the w ild-type mice ( al P< 0.05 ). Conclusions The upregulations of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-6 in the ischemic cortex in Cav1 knockout mice suggests that Cav1 plays an important role in aleviating inflammation after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported malaria reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,so as to provide the evidence for improving the imported malaria control strategies. Methods The epi-demiological data of overseas imported malaria cases were collected and analyzed descriptively for the species,original coun-tries,diagnosis and treatment in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015. Results A total of 148 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,in which 96(65.54%)cases were falciparum malaria,and 37(24.32%) cases were vivax malaria;125(84.46%)cases were infected in Africa,and the rest of 23(15.54%)cases were infected in Southeast Asia. Most of the patients were 30 to 50 years old male workmen,and the ratio of male to female was 11.42:1. There was no obvious seasonal distribution among the reported timelines of the cases;however,there were two small peaks from June to August and from January to February. The median interval time of imported malaria cases from malaria onset to see a doctor was 1 day and from seeing the doctor to get malaria diagnosis was 2 days. The patients'first selected institutions were county medical institutions(50 cases,33.78%),then provincial medical institutions(36 cases,24.325%)and private doctors(20 cases,13.51%),and only 79(53.38%)patients got malaria diagnoses in their first selected institutions. The standard treatment were provided to 142(95.54%)cases. There were 43(29.05%)patients had serious complications and three patients were dead. Conclusion It is very important to enhance the multi-sector's collaboration to establish the collaborative investigation mechanism for screening malaria patients,and strengthen malaria health education for overseas workers and training courses in primary care medical institutions.

Objective To investigate the identification and optimal breeding method of caveolin-1 knockout mice, and provide an ideal animal model for further study of the role of caveolin-1 in cerebral ischemic injury and repair. Meth?ods The introduced caveolin-1 gene knockout mice were reared in the SPF laboratory and genomic DNA was extracted from mouse tail tissue by the method of boiling lysis. According to the primer sequences provided by the Jackson Laboratory of America for polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) to detect the genotypes, with the four different ways of mating:caveolin-1 +/ -heterozygote intercrossing, heterozygous and homozygous caveolin-1 -/ -hybrid ( orthogonal and pay) as well as homo-zygous intercrossing. The pregnancy rate, shape characteristics of the filial generation mice and homozygous rate of the pa-rental mice were observed. Results Agarose gel electrophoresis results indicated that the size of molecular weight of the PCR products was about 200 bp and 661 bp, which were consistent with the expected target gene fragment, and identified caveolin-1 gene knockout mice of different genotypes successfully. The results of different mating patterns are basically in a-greement with Mendel rule, and the female and male aveolin-1 -/ -homozygous mice had a certain ability to reproduce, three different genotypes of mice had no significant differences between the shape features. Conclusions PCR can fast and reliably identify the genotypes of caveolin-1 knockout mice using genomic DNA through the method of boiling lysis. Combi- ning the breeding methods of intercrossing of caveolin-1 heterozygous mice and intercrossing of caveolin-1 homozygous mice may be a good way to obtain enough homozygous mice and homologous wild type mice in a short period.

Objective:To evaluate the vomer development of cleft palate patients.Methods:38 patients over 1 4 years(averaged 23.4 years)of age with cleft palate and 76 controls of normal people(aged 22.8 year on average)were included.The 3D computed tomo-graphy reconstruction images of the bony nasal septum were measured.The development of the vomer was evaluated by comparing the L1 (the length of the lower edge of the vomer),L2 (the length from nasal spine to the point of the sella)and S (the approximate area of vomer)among deferent groups.Results:The L1 ,L2,and S of cleft palate patients were smaller than those of the controls(P <0. 05).Compared with the postoperative cleft cases,the S and L2 of preoperative cases were bigger(P <0.05).Conclusion:The vomer development is adversely affected by cleft palate.Not only the vomer-palate fusion is lower,but also the sutura between vomer and na-sal septum cartilage and ethmoid bone are short.And the latter is greatly influenced by surgical trauma.