OBJECTIVE:To study the in vitro sensitivity of lung cancer tissue to commonly-used antineoplas?tics.METHODS:The sensitivity of45fresh samples of human lung cancer to15commonly-used antineoplastics was deter?mined by MTT method.RESULTS:Lung cancer was more sensitive to CBP,VM26,THP,DDP,BLM,MTX and HCPT.However,there was individual difference in sensitivity to the same drug.CONCLUSION:The sensitivity assay of chemotherapeutic agents could provide important information for selection of the agents and MTT assay is a rapid and simple method for detecting the sensitivity of antineoplastics.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone hydrochloride for postoperative analgesia in patients who received spin surgery.Methods Sixty -nine patients treated with spin surgery were included in this study and randomly divided into treatment group ( n=34 ) and control group ( n=35).Half an hour before the end of operation ,the patients of the two group were given oxycodone hydrochloride and morphine 0.07 mg · kg-1 , respectively.After extubation , patient -controlled analgesia pump was given with the background dosage of 0.5 mg · h -1 and one time push 1 mg of oxycodone hydrochloride or morphine.The mean arterial pressure ( MAP) , and heart rate were com-pared in the time points of entering the operation room ( T0 ) ,tracheal in-tubation ( T1 ) , 5 min after tracheal intubation ( T2 ) , and 15 min after tra-cheal intubation(T3) between the two groups.The recovery time, extu-bation time ,visual analogue scale ( VAS) ,observer assessment of sedation ( OAA/S ) score and safety were compared between the two groups . Results The MAP and heart rate were not statistically different between the two groups and among the time points ( P>0.05 ).The recovery time , extubation time , VAS, OAA/S score in treatment group were significant lower than those of control group( P<0.05 ).The adverse drug reaction rates were 17.14%and 8.82% in the control group and treatment group respectively with statistical difference ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion Compared with morphine , oxycodone hydrochloride is more effective and safe for postoperative analgesia in patients who received spin surgery.

Objective To explore the anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of Hirudo and its effect on autophagy in mice.Methods Forty healthy male ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into model group,control group(3 × 10-3 g·kg-1·d-1 simvastatin)and experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups(0.45,0.9,1.8 g·kg-1· d-1,Maixuekang capsule).Eight healthy male C57BL/6J mice were divided into blank group.The mice were fed with common diet for 1 week.Then,except blank group,other groups were fed with high-fat diet.After 8 weeks of modeling,the atherosclerosis(AS)mice were given drugs orally once a day for 12 weeks,and fed with high-fat diet in the meantime.The levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The levels of Beclin-1,LC3 autophagy protein were detected by Western blot method.Results The IL-6 contents in the experimental-H,experimental-M,experimental-L,control,model and blank groups were(107.59±3.03),(99.31±5.12),(103.52±2.28),(98.68±4.68),(112.66±6.08),(93.98±3.43)pg·mL-1;the TNF-α contents were(538.41±30.26),(504.49±21.51),(538.51±19.05),(494.05±25.08),(578.53±26.32),(467.35±21.53)pg·mL-1.For the above indexes,the differences between model group and experimental-H group,experimental-M group,experimental-L group,control group,blank group were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The Beclin-1 protein expression levels in the experimental-H,experimental-M,experimental-L,control and model groups were 1.48±0.05,1.72±0.05,1.19±0.02,1.51±0.04,0.66±0.03;the LC3 Ⅱ protein expression levels were 1.53±0.01,1.83±0.02,1.16±0.01,1.90±0.01,0.49±0.01,and the differences between model group and experimental-H group,experimental-M group,experimental-L group,control group were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Hirudo can significantly reduce the area of atherosclerotic plaque by regulating the level of autophagy.

OBJECTIVETo develop a novel method for preparing decellularized liver biological scaffold (DLBS) for liver tissue engineering.

METHODSDLBS was prepared by treatment of rat livers with detergent and enzymatic cell extraction and observed under optical and scanning electron microscopes. To assess the biocompatibility of the product, C3A cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BM-MSCs) were cocultured with DLBS as the scaffold, and the effect of DLBS on the proliferation of C3A cells was evaluated by MTT assay. DLBS was also implanted under the dorsal skin of SD rats to evaluate the tissue biocompatibility of this material.

RESULTSApplication of the detergent and enzymatic extraction allowed full extraction of the cells in the liver, leaving an extracellular matrix scaffold composed mainly of collagen and elastic fibrin. The coculture experiment showed that C3A cells and BM-MSCs could grow on and adhere to DLBS. The result of MTT assay showed that DLBS could promote the proliferation of C3A cells.

CONCLUSIONThis cell-free DLBS, which retains intact extracellular matrix and promotes cell attachment, proliferation, growth and differentiation, can be an ideal biological matrix scaffold material.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Extracellular Matrix ; chemistry ; Female ; Liver ; cytology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore whether the antibody subtypes against the extracellular 1-2 (EC1-2) epitopes of pemphigus vulgaris antigen (PVA) are related to the pathogenesis of PVA.

METHODSEC1-2 fusion protein, emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or aluminum hydroxide hydrate [Al ( OH)3], was used to immunize C57BL/6 mouse. After immunization, the cytokine types, specific antibody titers, and antibody subtypes were detected. Also, a neonatal mice model was used to evaluate the pathogenesis of different antibodies.

RESULTSTh1 type cytokine interferon gamma (IFNgamma) was elevated in CFA group, while Th 2 type cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) was increased in Al (OH)3 group. The antibody subtypes were different in both groups. After the two groups were transferred with antisera separately, the neonatal mice developed erosion on the skin from Al(OH)3 group, with acantholysis histopathologically and bright immuno-fluorescence deposition, which was not seen in CFA group.

CONCLUSIONDifferent antibody subtypes may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease.

Animals ; Antibody Specificity ; Autoantibodies ; immunology ; Desmoglein 3 ; immunology ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pemphigus ; immunology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo reveal the molecular genetic pathogenesis of the glycogen storage disease type III (GSDIII) and to provide a prerequisite for prenatal gene diagnosis in future.

METHODAll the coding regions as well as the border areas between exons and introns of the AGL gene and the parental relevant mutation sites were directly sequenced, so that to affirm the origin of the mutation. Then, detected novel heterozygous mutation was confirmed by cloning sequencing. Finally, definite diagnoses of the novel mutation were performed by a series of identification methods, including screening for the 100 normal controls by DHPLC in order to count the mutational frequency, analyze the conservative of the mutant amino acid sequence from 11 kinds of species and comprise the difference of the tertiary structure between the mutant protein and the normal one.

RESULTThe patient had compound heterozygous mutations, the c.100C>T (p.R34X) nonsense mutation and c. 1176_1178 del TCA deletion mutation. The p.R34X has been reported abroad, but the 1176_1178 del TCA/p.His392fs mutation is a novel one. The proband's father is heterozygous with the p.R34X mutation while his mother carries the c.1176_1178 del TCA mutation. The result from searching the dbSNP database, HGMD database and papers published in recent years showed that the c.1176_1178 del TCA is a novel mutation, but not an SNP. Conservative analysis results in 11 species indicate that the amino acid of the mutation site is highly conserved in the stage of evolution. Comparison results between the mutant protein and the normal one demonstrate that the deletion mutation results in the obvious variation of the spatial conformation of AGL protein.

CONCLUSIONThe "c.1176_1178 del TCA (p.392delHis)" mutation is a novel pathogenic mutation. This mutation and the c.100C>T (p.R34X) is the cause that the proband suffer from the GSDIIIa disease. These two mutations are inherited from mother and father respectively. The methods from this paper can be used for further prenatal gene diagnosis.

Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Female ; Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System ; chemistry ; genetics ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type III ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Alignment

OBJECTIVETo summary the microsurgical techniques for removal of huge tuberculum sellae meningiomas through the bi-subfrontal anterior longitudinal fission approach.

METHODSEleven patients with huge tuberculum sellae meningiomas underwent microsurgical removal of the meningiomas between January, 2005 and November, 2009. The microsurgical techniques were summarized, and the factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong all the patients, 5 had Simpson grade I meningioma removal and the other patients had Simpson grade II removal. No death occurred in these patients. Nine patients showed vision improvement after the surgery, one had no significant improvement, and the other one experienced worsening of vision. Transient postoperative diabetes insipidus occurred in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONWith satisfactory exposure of Dorsum sellae, bottom of the third ventricle and cavernous sinus, the bi-subfrontal anterior longitudinal fission approach is suggested for treatment of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. The key to improve the GTR and reduce the complication lies in the sequence of the operation, namely resection of the tumoral basement before dissection of the potential arachnoidal space and tuberculum.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Meningioma ; pathology ; surgery ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Sella Turcica ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical practice of laparoscopic rectopexy in the treatment of severe rectal prolapse.

METHODSFrom March 1998 to February 2007, 4 cases of complete rectal prolapse, including 1 male and 3 female,ranged 21-82 years old, were treated by laparoscopic rectopexy. In one case, the posterior wall of rectum was freed and elevated, and pre-rectal introcession was closed by silk suture, then the posterior wall was suspended and fixed on sacral promontory fascia, finally the sigmoid colon was fixed by sutures on the fascia of left psoas major. In other three cases, insertion of mesh was performed. Rectum was freed and elevated to the level of levalor ani. A sheet of T-shape polypropylene mesh was placed posterior to the rectum, whose lower margin was at the level of levator ani and wrapped around the rectum covering except the anterior wall. The free margin of the mesh was sutured on the muscular layer of rectum, then the mesh was put posterior to the rectum and fixed on the sacral promontory fascia by clipping to repair hernia. After that, the pelvic peritoneum was closed, and finally the sigmoid colon was fixed by sutures on the fascia of left psoas major.

RESULTSFour operation procedures were completed successfully. There was no conversion operation. The time was consumed 92.5 (80-100) min, and the bleeding amount was 6.5 (5-10) ml. No post-operative complications were found. Urine incontinence and encopresis were relieved. No recurrence and constipation was found after 2 months to 3 years follow up postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONLaparoscopic rectopexy is a safe, workable and effective procedure, which can reduce operative trauma and shorten hospitalization time.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Rectal Prolapse ; surgery ; Rectum ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo improve evidence-based care in the management of tuberculosis, we retrospectively analyzed the bacterial types and drug sensitivity test results of mycobacteria in Guangzhou over the past twelve years (from July 1998 to March 2010).

METHODSOver these twelve years, a total of 14 095 mycobacterial strains isolated from different samples were subjected to type identification and drug sensitivity tests according to the Standard Protocols of Laboratory Diagnostics for Tuberculosis by the Chinese Antituberculosis Association. Chi-square test was performed for statistical analyses for comparisons between groups.

RESULTSOf 14 095 strains of mycobacteria isolated, 10 844 strains (76.84%) were MTB, and 3251 strains (23.16%) were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM). Compared with the result of the fourth national survey of tuberculosis epidemiology, which showed 11.1% of NTM, the one of our study was significantly different (χ(2) = 69.79, P < 0.001). Drug sensitivity tests of MTB showed tolerance rates of 28.99% (2729/9413), 21.75% (2047/9413), 17.45% (1643/9413) and 11.53% (1085/9413) against isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin and ethambutol, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAn increasing trend was observed in MTB drug tolerance against streptomycin, rifampin and isoniazid, whereas more and more NTM strains were isolated in recent years. These findings are worthy of note for clinicians.

Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Tuberculosis ; epidemiology ; microbiology

[Objective]To investigate the diagnostic characteristics of optic chiasm-hypothalamic glioma (OCHG) and the reasons for its high misdiagnosis rate.[Methods]Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical features and imaging findings of 32 patients with OCHG,admitted to our hospitals from October 1999 to December 2011 and proved by pathology.Being compared with those features of other diseases in the sellar region,the reasons for high misdiagnosis rate of OCHG were analyzed.[Results] Among the 32 patients,18 were diagnosed correctly before surgery.However,in the other 14,lesions were misdiagnosed as craniopharyngioma in 8,germ cell tumor in 4,pituitary adenoma in 1,and chordoma in 1 with a total misdiagnosis rate reaching 43％.All patients suffered craniotomy surgery for tumor removal.Among the 4 patients misdiagnosed as having germinoma,2 underwent preoperative radiotherapy and 2 performed preoperative EP regimen chemotherapy.According to the features of the CT and MR images,the OCHG were divided into 3 presentations:solid,solid and cyst mixture and round enhanced tumors.The solid lesions (n=10) were easily misdiagnosed as germinoma (4/10,40％);however,the round enhanced tumors (n=5),especially combined with huge calcification (n=4),were extremely easily misdiagnosed as craniopharyngioma (4/5,80％ ).[Conclusion] Comprehensive understanding the growth and image features of OCHG and summing up the misdiagnosis points when comparing to the other diseases in the sellar region are indispensable in improving the presurgical diagnosis accuracy for OCHG.