ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the level of resistin and the insulin resistance(IR) and the incorporation of microamount albuminuria(MA) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTwo hundred and twenty T2DM patients and 40 normal subjects (control group) were enrolled in this study.Two hundred and twenty T2DM patients were divided into 4 groups,IR group (group A,79 cases),non-IR group (group B,48 cases),IR complicating MA group (group C,51 cases),non-IR complicating MA group(group D,42 cases).The fasting serum resistin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA),and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting insulin (FINS) was also determined.ResultsThe level of fasting serum resistin in group A,B,C and D was higher than that in control group [(33.45 ± 1.37),(23.36 ± 1.47),(44.45 ± 1.39),(37.45 ±1.57) μ g/L vs.( 17.44 ± 1.26 ) μ g/L],and there was significant difference among 5 groups (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin in group A was higher than that in group B (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the level of fasting serum resistin in group C was higher than that in group D (P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of fasting serum resistin was both higher in group C and D than that in goup A and B (P＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with body mass index(BMI),FPG,HbA1c and FINS in group A(r =0.35,0.46,0.37,0.49,P ＜0.05),and the fasting serum resistin was positively correlated with HbA1c,BMI,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in group C(r =0.45,0.32,0.37,0.29,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsSerum resistin may participate in the process of IR and the formation of MA.It may become one of the diagnostic standard of the IR and one of the important index to estimate the MA.

Objective To analyze the distribution status of soil-transmitted nematodes infection for prevention and treatment.Methods The inquiry field test and grade random sampling were emplyed on a group of people naturally selected in Shanxi Province.The people were examined through pathogen test and statistical diagnosis.Results A total of 7 726 people were investigated.Soil-transmitted nematodes infection rate was 18.86%.Ascaris,enterobius,trichuris,and hookworm was 15.87%,11.46%,0.82%,and 0.04% respectively.The intensity of ascaris infection was 97.74%,1.60%,and 0.66% respectively in light,moderate,and serious conditions,and that of trichuris infection was 88.89%,7.41%,and 3.70% respectively in light,moderate,and serious conditions.Conclusions Soil-transmitted nematodes infection rate is lower than that in 1992.Its cases are mainly distributed in rural areas and schools,closely related to education level.Improving water-drinking conditions and personal hygiene is still key to the prevention and control of the infections.

Objective To investigate the relationship of homocysteine and blood glucose wavy coefficient with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Methods Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting C-peptide,homocysteine(Hcy),blood-fat and 24h urinary albumin quantitative (UAlb) of 154 patients with type 2 diabetes were determined,and the blood glucose wavy coefficient were calculated after blood glucose monitored by a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS).The patients were divided into two groups according to the quantity of UAlb:high UAlb group (n =81 ) and normal UAlb group( n =73 ).Then the difference were compared between two groups and multiple regression analysis was done between UAlb and a variety factors.Results The course of disease in high UAlb group were significantly longer than that in normal UAlb group ( (9.68 ± 7.31 ) years vs ( 5.44 ± 3.65 ) years,t =3.427,P ＜ 0.05 ).There were significant difference on HbA1c [ ( 9.61 ± 2.44 ) ％ vs ( 8.69 ± 2.35 ) ％,t =2.162 ],blood glucose wavy coefficient [ ( 3.06 ± 0.85 ) vs (2.58 ± 0.91 ),t =2.437],low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) [ (3.46 ± 0.83 )mmol/L vs ( 3.01 ± 0.84 ) mmol/L,t =2.596 ],UAlb [ ( 129.64 ± 118.5 ) mg/24 h vs ( 18.14 ± 3.54 )mg/24 h,t =6.421 ),UA ( ( 335.02 ± 90.39 ) mmol/L vs ( 287.00 ± 92.03 ) mmol/L,t =2.541 ) and Hcy [ ( 15.55 ± 4.53 ) mmol/L vs ( 13.12 ± 4.44 ) mmol/L,t =2.603 ] between the two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Pearson analysis showed that the courses of disease,LDL-C,UA,Hcy and blood glucose wavy coefficient were positively correlated with UAlb ( r =0.363,0.270,0.220,0.252,0.236 respectively ; P =0.000,0.008,0.033,0.014,0.022,respectively).And the multiple regression analysis indicated that UAlb was related with courses of disease(β =0.344,P =0.000),Hcy(β =0.244,P =0.011 ) and blood glucose wavy coefficient(β =0.229,P =0.012).Conclusion The elevation of serum Hcy and blood glucose wavy coefficient are risk factors to type 2 diabetic nephropathy.Lowering Hcy concentration and reducing the glucose variability may be a new way to prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and security of carvedilol on children with endocardial fibroelastosis(EFE).Methods Eighteen children with EFE treatment with carvedilol.The improvement of clinical symptom,heart rate,heart function,side effect and maximal tolerance dose after treatment with carvedilol were observed.Results The clinical symptom was obviously improved;eiection fraction(EF),fractional shortening(FS),mean velocity of circumferential fiber(Mvcf)were significantly increased,left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVDS),left ventricular mass(LVmass),interventricular septal thickness(IVSs)were notably decreased after treatment with carvedilol.Conclusions The data indicates that carvedilol can significantly reduce left ventricular diastolic dimension(LVDD),IVSs,and LVmass,inhibit the remodeling of ventricle,significantly elevate the heart function of EFE.So carvedilol is benefit and security on children with EFE.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ligustrazine on the migration of neuronal precursors (NPs) after focal cerebral ischemia in adult rats and explore its acting mechanism on recovery of function.

METHODSRat model of left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established by thread ligation. Ligustrazine 40 mg/kg was injected peritoneally once a day 2 h after modeling. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day after operation, the migration of Doublecortin (DCX, the marker of NPs) in subventricular zone (SVZ) and the rostral migratory stream (RMS) were observed with immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe migration of DCX-positive cells in SVZ (abbrev. as migration below) through RMS into the olfactory bulb started from the 3rd day after ischemia, and lasted to the 21st day; the migration directly or through RMS into the ischemic penumbra of the adjacent striatum started on the 7th day, and increased significantly on the 14th day; and a few of DCX positive cells migrated through corpus callosum into the ischemic cortex on the 21st day. The migration was similar in the two groups in its pathway, but the extent in the ligustrazine group was more intensive.

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine could promote direct migration of NPs into the ischemic cerebral cortex and striatum, suggesting that it might play an important role in promoting self-recovery of brain function after ischemia through accelerating the migration of NPs.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Brain Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neuropeptides ; biosynthesis ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the expression levels of hedgehog signaling pathway members (SMO,Gli1,ABCB1,ABCG2) in gemcitabine resistant pancreatic cancer cells and to study the effect of hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor on acquired chemoresistance.Methods Human pancreatic gemcitabineresistant SW1990 cell line (SW1990/GZ) was established.Hedgehog inhibitor,cyclopamine,was used to treat resistant cells.Different expression levels of SMO,Gli1 and ABCB1,ABCG2 mRNA and proteins,and the percentage of CD44 + CD24 + and CD133 + cells were compared by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot before and after cyclopamine treatment,respectively.Were treated with 100 μmol/L of gemcitabine SW1990/GZ cells after cyclopamine treatment,and cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin V/PI method.Results The percentage of CD44+ CD24+ and CD133+ cells in SW1990/GZ cells were increased from (29.45 ±1.99)％,(59.37 ± 1.69)％ in parental cells to (93.16 ±2.46)％,(95.88 ± 1.47)％ (P ＜0.05),respectively.The mRNA expression levels of ABCB1,ABCG2,and Gli1 were increased (274.90 ±31.44),(3.48 ±0.33),(4.15 ±0.42) folds,compared with that of parental cells.The mRNA expression of SMO was also detected in resistant cells.The results of protein expression were consisted with that of mRNA expression.After treatment of 2 μmol/L cyclopamine for 1 week,the percentage of CD44 + CD24 + and CD133 +in SW1990/GZ cells decreased to (36.68 ±2.44)％ and (62.76 ± 1.28)％ (P ＜0.05),respectively.After treatment with 2,5μmol/L of cyclopamine,SW1990/GZ cells were re-exposed to 100 μ mol/L of gemcitabine,and then the cell apoptosis and death rates were (53.68 ± 5.24 )％ and (69.99 ± 3.16 )％,which were significantly higher than those in control group ( 4.55 ± 0.87 ) ％ ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions G emcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells are enriched with cancer stem cells and highly express hedgehog member SMO and Glil.Inhibition of hedgehog signaling pathway by cyclopamine can reduce the proportion of cancer stem cell in gemcitabine-resistant cells,down-regulate SMO and Glil expression levels,partly restore the sensitivity to gemcitabine and reverts the acquired drug resistance.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of of percutaneous microwave ablation(MWA) in treatment of hepatic metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma after gastrectomy. Methods Twenty-four patients who underwent percutaneous MWA after gastrectomy for a hepatic metastasis from a gastric cancer from October 2009 to October 2014. Median age was (63 ± 11) years. Three-two times MWA was done in 27 metastatic tumors. Patients′ outcomes were assessed by enhancement CT or MRI. Results The rate of total ablation was 92.6%(25/27). The deadline of follow up was 2016-04-01. One patient was living and 23 patients died with tumor progression. The median overall survival was 24.1(95%CI:9.8-34.3) months. The survival rate of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was 78.7%, 40.7%, 38.5%, 19.4%and 8.2%. The median progression-free survival was 13.4 (95%CI:2.0-30.4) months, and the survival rate of local progression-free of 6 months, 1, 2 and 3 years was 64.3%, 50.1%, 40.2%and 26.9%. The main complication was moderate and severe pain in 10 cases, and 17 cases had post ablation syndrome. Conclusions For patients with metastatic tumors≤3 cm, MWA is a safe and feasible treatment option for hepatic metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1(BAG-1) and its regulatory effect on the glucocorticoid receptor(GR) activity in rat alveolar macrophages in conditions of cell inflammation and glucocorticoid therapy.Methods: The expression changes of BAG-1 were detected by Western blot after lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and Dexamethasone(Dex) treatment of rat alveolar macrophages(AMs),the interaction between BAG-1 and GR determined by immune coprecipitation experiment,and the transcriptional activation of GR measured by relative luciferase activity assay.Results:After LPS and Dex treatment,the expression of BAG-1L in total protein increased but that of BAG-1S remained changed,BAG-1L rather than BAG-1S was detected in nuclear protein and its expression increased gradually within 24 hours,the interaction between BAG-1L and GR was observed in nucleoli,and the transcriptional activation of GR decreased,with a negative correlation between BAG-1L expression and GR activity.Conclusion:LPS and Dex acting on rat alveolar macrophages,the expression of BAG-1L increases,which,coupled with GR,translocates into nucleoli and inhibits GR activity.This might be the important mechanism that underlies glucocorticoid resistance in inflammation.

Objective To investigate the expression of connexin (Cx) 43, Cx26 gene in the thyroid tissue in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD).Methods The thyroid tissue specimens of 76 cases were selected, including 30 cases of Graves disease (GD group), 30 cases of Hashimoto thyroiditis( HT group ), and 16 cases of normal tissues from thyroid adenoma (control group), which were all confirmed by pathologic diagnosis.The expression of Cx43 and Cx26 mRNA among three groups was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and GAPDH,which was used as the internal control.Results The staining of Cx43 and Cx26 mRNA in all the cases from human thyroid tissue were strongly positive.The expression levels of Cx43,Cx26 mRNA in GD group were significantly higher than those in control group (0.9307 ± 0.0716 vs.0.5938 ± 0.0484 and 0.7371 ± 0.0463 vs.0.3431 ± 0.0399 ) (P ＜ 0.01 ).And the expression levels of Cx43,Cx26 mRNA in HT group were significantly lower than those in control group (0.3581 ±0.0458 vs.0.5938 ±0.0484 and 0.3150 ±0.0218 vs.0.3431 ±0.0399)(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).Conclusion The Cx43 and Cx26 mRNA expression in the human thyroid tissue and a remarkable deferral expressions of Cx43 and Cx26 mRNA in three groups of AITD suggests that gap junction is associated with AITD.

Objective To explore the clinical value of renal dynamic imaging and urinary N-acetyl-?-D-glucosaminidase(NAG),apoptosis DNA fragment(ADF) in evaluating the damage degree of hydronephrotic kidneys(HnK) in children with hydronephrosis.Methods Level of glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was detected in 41 children with congenital hydronephrosis by renal dynamic imaging,and urine NAG,ADF in pelvis in HnK and healthy kidneys (as controls) were detected by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay(ELISA).Patholo-gic changes of HnK in 41 children were graded intoⅠ~Ⅴ according to Elder standard. And GFR,urinary NAG and ADF of HnK were divi-ded into subgroup according to pathologic changes ,at the same time statistical analysis was performed within each groups. And the correlations of pathologic grades with GFR,urinary NAG and ADF of HnK were analyzed.Results 1.Kindneys GFR in healthy kidneys and Hnk were (174.33?20.43)?10-3 L/min,(143.86?17.51)?10-3 L/min respectinely,and there was significant difference between healthy kidneys and Hnk (P0.05).3.There was significant negative correlation between GFR levels of HnK and pathologic grades(r=-0.814 P0.05).Conclusions For hydronephrotic kidneys,urinary NAG can eva-luate impaired nephric tubule whereas renal dynamic imaging may evaluate the damage level of glomeruli;urine ADF may not indicate the damage level of diseased kidneys in children with congenital hydronephrosis.