In order to assess the effect of long-term versus short-term intravesical chemotherapy in preventing the recurrence of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we searched several databases with words as mesh terms and free text words to find all eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for the comparison of the two strategies of instillation durations. "Observed-Expected events research (O-E)" and "Variance (V)" for calculating hazard ratio (HR) were used in Revman 5.2 software recommended by Cochrane Collabration for data analysis. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were selected to minish heterogeneity. GRADEpro 3.6 profile recommended by Cochrane Collabration was employed for quality assessment of analyses. Finally, 13 eligible RCTs with 4216 patients were included in this review and 16 comparisons from 13 trials were involved for analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant difference between long-term and short-term duration [HR=0.99, 95% CI (0.89, 1.11), P=0.89]. Within the subgroup analysis, patients benefited from long-term instillations with a start regimen of one immediate instillation [HR=0.83, 95% CI (0.69, 1.00), P=0.05]. But patients were not suitable to receive long-term instillations with epirubicin (EPI) [HR=1.01, 95% CI (0.91, 1.13), P=0.78]. The progression rate was not reduced after long-term instillations [HR=0.96, 95% CI (0.66, 1.39), P=0.82]. From our results, patients should not receive introvesical chemotherapy more than half a year. In contrast, patients with one immediate instillation are preferred to have a long-term duration at least one year. Long-term instillations can not reduce the progression rate.

Aged ; Female ; Heart Atria ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the immediate therapeutic effect of medicated thread moxibustion on cervical spondylosis.Methods Seventy patients with cervical spondylosis meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups by using random number table method, 35 cases each. The treatment group received medicated thread moxibustion and the control group, percutaneous superficial needling. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and the Clinical Assessment Scale for Cervical Spondylosis (CASCS) score were recorded in the two groups before treatment and at 30 min and 24 hrs after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results The VAS and the CASCS scores decreased significantly in the two groups at 30 min and 24 hrs after treatment compared with before treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01). There was no significantly statistical difference in comparing the VAS score between the two groups after the treatment (P>0.05). The CASCS score was lower in the treatment group than in the control group at 30 min after treatment (P<0.01) and lower in the control group than in the treatment group at 24 hrs after treatment (P<0.05). At 30 min after treatment, the clinical therapeutic effect in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.01); at 24 hrs after the treatment, the clinical therapeutic effect in the control group was superior to that in the treatment group (P<0.05).Conclusions Medicated thread moxibustion has a definite immediate therapeutic effect on cervical spondylosis.

OBJECTIVETo measure important parameters of anterior internal fixation for the cervicothoracic junction by us-ing imaging measurement, and provide reference for cervicothoracic junction surgery and design of steel plate screw internal fixation.

METHODSFrom June to November 2012, 120 health people's median sagittal plane MRI of cervical spine were ran-domly collected. Of the 120 cases, there were 58 males and 62 females with an average age of 48.3 +/- 13.7, ranging the age of 20 to 78 years old. The anterior,middle and posterior height of vertebral, anterior, upper, medium and lower sagittal diameter, an-terior height of different segments and Cobb angle were measured by measuring machine in the PACS system.

RESULTSThe an-terior, middle and posterior height of vertebral, medium and lower sagittal diameter gradually increased from cranial to caudal of cervicothoracic junction (P < 0.01). For single vertebral,posterior> anterior>middle height (P < 0.01), lower > upper>medium sagittal diameter (P < 0.01). The lower sagittal diameter of upper vertebral body was close to upper sagittal diameter of lower vertebral body. Cobb angle of male was (7.61 +/- 3.85) degrees, while female's was (5.58 +/- 2.59) degrees .

CONCLUSIONDuring the anterior in-ternal fixation of cervicothoracic junction, it is suggested that the entry points of upper vertebral body should locate on the lower and middle 1/3 of vertebral body, and screws could slightly incline towards cranial,the entry points of lower vertebral body should locate on the upper and middle 1/3 of vertebral body, while screws could slightly incline towards caudal, also can be prebent according to Cobb angle of health.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Young Adult

In order to assess the effect of long-term versus short-term intravesical chemotherapy in preventing the recurrence of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we searched several databases with words as mesh terms and free text words to find all eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for the comparison of the two strategies of instillation durations. "Observed-Expected events research (O-E)" and "Variance (V)" for calculating hazard ratio (HR) were used in Revman 5.2 software recommended by Cochrane Collabration for data analysis. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were selected to minish heterogeneity. GRADEpro 3.6 profile recommended by Cochrane Collabration was employed for quality assessment of analyses. Finally, 13 eligible RCTs with 4216 patients were included in this review and 16 comparisons from 13 trials were involved for analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant difference between long-term and short-term duration [HR=0.99, 95% CI (0.89, 1.11), P=0.89]. Within the subgroup analysis, patients benefited from long-term instillations with a start regimen of one immediate instillation [HR=0.83, 95% CI (0.69, 1.00), P=0.05]. But patients were not suitable to receive long-term instillations with epirubicin (EPI) [HR=1.01, 95% CI (0.91, 1.13), P=0.78]. The progression rate was not reduced after long-term instillations [HR=0.96, 95% CI (0.66, 1.39), P=0.82]. From our results, patients should not receive introvesical chemotherapy more than half a year. In contrast, patients with one immediate instillation are preferred to have a long-term duration at least one year. Long-term instillations can not reduce the progression rate.
Administration, Intravesical ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy ; methods ; trends ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVESTo discuss the diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and to establish an effective protocol to treat the posterior Monteggia fracture-dislocations of proximal ulna in adult according to our experience.

METHODSBetween April 2004 and December 2007, 16 patients with posterior Monteggia fracture-dislocations were treated surgically, 13 were followed up at a mean of 28 months (range, 12 - 58 months). All the operations were through the posterior midline approach. The fractures of radial head and coronoid process were reduced and fixed, if possible. The proximal ulna fractures were fixed with a single plate in 7 cases, plate combined with K-wires in 2, plate combined with K-wires tension band in 3, and K-wires tension band combined with screws in 1.

RESULTSNo elbow was painful or unstable at the last follow up examination. They had an average of 100 degrees (range, 0 degrees to 145 degrees ) of flexion-extension of elbow. The average motion of forearm rotation was 119 degrees (range, 0 degrees to 170 degrees ). The mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) was 93.1 points (67 - 100 points), excellent and good results were achieved in 92.3%. The mean system of Broberg and Morrey score was 88.8 points (53 - 100 points), excellent and good results were achieved in 76.9%.

CONCLUSIONSAttention should be paid to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the posterior Monteggia fracture-dislocation of proximal ulna. Anatomically reduction and stable fixation of proximal ulna is the keystone for the surgical treatment.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Bone Wires ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Elbow Joint ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monteggia's Fracture ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between polyoma virus load and hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic stem cells transplantation for prevention of hemorrhagic cystitis.

METHODSBlood and urine specimens were collected from 40 healthy persons, 40 patient with stem cells transplantation and 20 cases complicated with hemorrhagic cystitis for determination of VP1 gene of polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV)/Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and EvaGreen stain fluorescence quantitative assay.

RESULTSIn the peripheral blood, all genes of BKV/JCV and SV40 were negative, while BKV gene in urine and blood from healthy persons and patient with stem cells transplantation was 15% (6/40) and 100% (40/40), respectively. The gene of JCV was positive in 10% (4/40) and 12% (5/40), the gene of SV40 was negative.

CONCLUSIONGenes of BKV and JCV was detectable in urine specimens of healthy persons and there was a correlation between the load of polyomavirus and incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis.

Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; Cystitis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; urine ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; virology ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polyomavirus ; genetics ; growth & development ; Polyomavirus Infections ; complications ; virology ; Viral Load

Somatic gene V617F mutation in JAK2 is a critical molecular and biological indicator to diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferative disease (MPD). This study was aimed to investigate the genetic background of V617F mutation in 46/1 gene haplotype in Chinese MPD patients, and the frequencies of 46/1 gene haplotype and V617F mutation in three nationalities of Chinese populations. Peripheral blood or bone marrow samples of 150 V617F mutation positive MPD patients, 123 V617F mutation negative MPD patients, 124 healthy Han individuals, 395 healthy Tibetan individuals and 315 healthy Yugu individuals were collected. The allele-specific multiplex PCR method was established, the presence or absence of V617F mutation, the presence or absence of 46/1 haplotype, and the relationship between V617F and 46/1 haplotype were easily identified by agarose gel image. The results showed that the V617F mutation located in the 46/1 haplotype of 88 cases (58.67) among 150 V617F-positive MPD cases. In 814 Chinese healthy individuals including Han, Tibetan, Yugu nationalities, the frequency of the 46/1 gene haplotype was 38.37 without difference in the frequency among different nationalities, and no V617F mutation was found in Chinese healthy populations, The frequency of the 46/1 gene haplotype was 43.09 in V617F mutation negative MPD patients and was 69.33 in V617F mutation positive MPD patients, the latter was obviously higher than former and than that in healthy Han individuals. In conclusion, a multiplex PCR method has been developed that is simple and useful to identify V617F mutation in JAK2 gene and its relationship to the 46/1 haplotype. In more than half of Chinese V617F-positive MPD patients, the V617F mutation locates in 46/1 haplotype in JAK2. The frequencies of 46/1 haplotype are statistically insignificant among Han, Tibetan and Yugu nationality populations.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Janus Kinase 2 ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between expression of A-kinase anchoring protein 95 (AKAP95) and protein expression of cyclin E1 and cyclin D1 in lung cancer tissue.

METHODSFifty-one cases of lung cancer were included in the study. The protein expression of AKAP95, cyclin E1, and cyclin D1 were measured by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe protein expression of cyclin E1 in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (positive rate: 75.56%vs 20%, P < 0.01); its expression showed no relationship with histopathological type, lymph node metastasis, and cellular differentiation (P > 0.05). The protein expression of cyclin D1 in lung cancer tissues was higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (positive rate: 69.39% vs 14.29%); its expression showed a significant relationship with histopathological type (P < 0.05). The expression of AKAP95 was correlated with the protein expression of cyclin E1 and cyclin D1 in lung cancer tissues (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCyclin E1 and cyclin D1 are highly expressed in lung cancer tissue, suggesting that they play an important role in the development and progression of lung cancer. The protein expression of cyclin E1 has no relationship with cellular differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and histopathological type of lung cancer, and the protein expression of cyclin D1 has a significant relationship with histopathological type. The expression of AKAP95 is correlated with the protein expression of cyclin E1 and cyclin D1 in lung cancer tissue.

A Kinase Anchor Proteins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin E ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism

The photoluminescence properties of carbon quantum dots depend on their size and the properties of surface functional groups. The N-doped carbon dots ( using small molecular ethylenediamine ) with high quantum yield and excellent dispersibility were synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method with biomass tar that was generated in the reductive smelting process as a precursor. Rapid and accurate Fe3+ detection based on the selective fluorescence quenching effect of N-doped carbon quantum dots was achieved. The results showed that the as-synthesized N-doped carbon quantum dots were regular spherical, uniform in size with an average particle size of 2. 64 nm with a quantum yield of 26. 1%, and the crystal lattice spacing was 0. 25 nm, corresponding to the ( 100 ) facet of graphitic carbon structure. The functional groups on the surface of N-doped carbon quantum dots could interact with Fe3+ to form complex compound by coordination, leading to the fluorescence quenching effect. Fluorescence emission ratios kept a linear relationship with the concentrations of Fe3+ in the range of 0. 23-600 μmol/L with the detection limit of 230 nmol/L.