AIM: To investigate the effects of insulin on aortic constriction caused by endothelin-1(ET-1) in normal and hyperglycemic rats. METHODS: Hyperglycemic rat models were prepared. Two aortic rings were immersed in the Krebs-Hensleit fluid with and without insulin (40 mIU/L) and the responses of rings to 10 -9 mol/L ET-1 were observed. RESULTS:ET-1 induced more obvious aortic ring constriction in normal rats than those in hyperglycemic rats ( P

OBJECTIVETo study a newly isolated domestic mammalian reovirus, BYD1, its ability to induce apoptosis analyze the three-dimensional structure of its major membrane penetration protein to predict its function in inducing apoptosis.

METHODSHeLa cells infected with BYD1 reovirus were metered with flow cytometer (FCM) to quantify the ratio of apoptotic cells. The data were analyzed with Student's t-test to judge the ability of BYD1 strain to induce apoptosis. The primary sequence ranged from 582 to 675 per microliter protein of BYD1, T1L, T2J and T3D were aligned and compared. The three-dimensional comparative protein structure model of microliter protein was generated by homology-modeling pipeline SWISS MODEL was applied to annotate its secondary and tertiary structure.

RESULTSBYD1 strain was verified with the ability to induce the apoptosis of HeLa cells. The 643-675 segment composing an alpha-helix showed major difference compared with prototype T2J.

CONCLUSIONThe newly isolated reovirus BYD1 is an apoptosis inducing strain. The alpha-helix (residues 643 to 675) of microliter protein of BYD1 may play a key role to induce the proapoptotic activity of infected cells.

Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; HeLa Cells ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Orthoreovirus, Mammalian ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Reoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology

AIMTo prepare the mitoxantrone long circulating liposomes (LCL) and to observe the residence behavior of the mitoxantrone LCL in rabbits.

METHODSThe long circulating mitoxantrone liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection combined with the ammonium sulphate gradients method. Amphipathic polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) was added to modify the membrane of the liposomes. The column-switching system of RP-HPLC was utilized to determine mitoxantrone concentration in rabbit plasma.

RESULTSThe mean diameter of the long circulating mitoxantrone liposomes was 60 nm, with the entrapping efficiency of 93.6%. With the same dosage (2 mg.kg-1) i.v. in rabbits, the mean residence time (MRT) of the long circulating mitoxantrone liposomes was 9.8 h, while that of the normal liposomes was 3.6 h, and the AUC of the former is 6.4 fold greater than of the latter. It showed that the long circulating mitoxantrone liposomes prolonged the resident time of the drug in the blood circulating system and they reduced the uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, simultaneously.

CONCLUSIONLiposomes with high entrapping efficiency and small particle size could be prepared by ethanol injection combined with the ammonium sulphate gradients method, and the liposomes modified by PEG-DSPE could raise the AUC and prolonged the resident time of the drug in the blood circulating system.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Female ; Liposomes ; Male ; Mitoxantrone ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Rabbits

AIM: To make hyperglycemia models and observe the effects of hyperglycemia on expressive type transformation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in rats METHODS: Using tissue culture and radioactivity analysis methods RESULTS:①Hyperglycemia group was lower than control group in NO - 2 content, nitric oxide synthase activity and cGMP content;②Hyperglycemia group was higher than control group in endothelin, insulin, total chdesterol and [ 3H]-TdR penetrated rate of VSMC CONCLUSION: It was possible that hyperglycemia reduces the expressive type of VSMC to change and promotes VSMC proliferation

Objective To explore the investigate of X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis pro- tein(XIAP)and its effect on chemotherapeutic sensitivity in bladder carcinoma.Methods Using immu- nohistochemistry methods,the expression of XIAP was evaluated in 47 bladder carcinomas and 6 normal bladder tissues.The XIAP gene was transfected into bladder cancer cell line T24 by liposome and the positive clone was screened by G418.Cellular XIAP mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR.The apoptosis of T24 cells was induced by low-dose of mitocycin C(0.005 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml,respectively).The in vitro cellular growth activities were assayed by MTT color imetry;and the apoptosis rate was assayed by TUNEL methods. Results The expression rate of XIAP was 78.7%(37/47)in bladder carcinoma samples,with no corre- lation with carcinoma stages and grades(P＞0.05).XIAP mRNA level in transfected T24 ceils was signifi- cantly increased by 3.8 times.Treated with 0.005 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml of mitomycin C,the growth rates of XIAP transfected T24 cells were increased [(11.60?0.25)% and(16.51?0.87)% ,respectively,P＜0.05];and the apoptosis rates were decreased [(10.1?0.2)% and( 11.9?0.2)% ,respectively,P＜0.05]compared with those in control cells.Conclusions XIAP is highly expressed in humun bladder car- cinoma samples.Overexpression of XIAP in T24 cells results in decrease in bladder carcinoma cell apoptosis induced by MMC,which may decrease the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of T24 cells.

Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection with important branches involved is more complex, could lead to organ malperfusion syndrome even organ failure. The understanding of pathological anatomy, classification, staging, and the pathophysiological change has increasingly mature, but not complete. In addition, the treatment strategy for complex lesions is diversified, some questions may not reach consensus. Fully understanding of the anatomical and pathophysiology is very important for surgeons to choose reasonable treatment strategy. As the rapid development of the basic research, imaging techniques and the concept of surgery procedures, the manage technique of Stanfrod type A dissection and branch vessels at the same time is getting seriously, the related issues also need further discussions.

Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection among newly reported HIV-infected patients from 2016 to 2017 in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to detect HCV antibodies in 2 196 newly reported HIV-infected persons in Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, from 2016 to 2017. Results A total of 694 cases(31.6%) were detected antibodies against HCV during HIV-infected persents. The prevalence of HCV co-infection among newly reported HIV-infected patients in Chinese and Burmese was 14.4% (112/780) and 41.1% (582/1 416), respectively. Moreover, the prevalence of HCV co-infection was higher in male, ethnic minorities such as Dai and Jingpo minority, primary school and below and farmers in both Chinese and Burmese. Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that HCV infection was associated with male, Dai minority, HIV infection by injecting drug and famers among Chinese and Burmese reported HIV-infected patients. Conclusions The prevalence of HCV co-infection was high among newly reported in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Meanwhile, the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/HCV co-infections in Chinese and Burmese are different, thus different prevention and control measures are needed for patients of different nationalities.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of microvascular decompression in treating trigeminal neuralgia.

METHODSSurgical experience and operative findings of 2643 cases of trigeminal neuralgia treated by microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSTwo thousand four hundred and eighty-seven of 2643 cases were cured, 76 cases were ineffectiveness, 48 cases were effectiveness and 31 were ineffective. One patient died. Two thousand one hundred and thirty-six cases were followed up in 3-240 months, 1918 cases were cured, 85 cases were obviously effective, 39 cases were effective and 30 were ineffective. Sixty-four cases were pain relapsed and 37 cases were cured by second operation among them.

CONCLUSIONThe etiology of trigeminal neuralgia is that the unusual vascular oppress the root entry zone, and arachnoid membrane circling the nerve is thickened and sticked. To untie the arachnoid membrane and decompress the offending vascular is the effective methods in treating trigeminal neuralgia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; etiology ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect and safety of perineal, crissal and progenital pruritus treated with acupuncture according to differentiation.

METHODSSelf-control method was applied in these 32 cases. Changqiang (GV 1), Huiyin (CV 1), Qugu (CV 2), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Ashi points etc. were punctured as main points, and adjunct points were added according to differentiation: Taichong (LR 3) and Ququan (LR 8) etc. were added for wind and heat excess of liver meridian, Xuehai (SP 10) and Quchi (LI 11) etc. were added for blood deficiency and wind dryness. Itchiness, skin lesions sign scores and therapeutic effects were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total scores of itchiness before and after treatment were 6.06 +/- 1.46 and 2.19 +/- 1.71 respectively, and the total scores of skin lesions sign were 4.38 +/- 2.21 and 1.50 +/- 1.44, indicating that the scores and the total scores of itchiness and skin lesions sign reduced obviously after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); the cured and markedly effective rate was 73.4% (11/15) for wind and heat excess of liver meridian, and 70.6% (12/17) for blood deficiency and wind dryness, presenting similar therapeutic effect (P > 0.05). Hematoma or ecchymosis appeared in 2 cases, and disappeared spontaneously after 2-3 days, without obvious adverse reaction.

CONCLUSIONSimple perineal, crissal and progenital pruritus treated with acupuncture according to differentiation is effective, safe and applicable.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pruritus Ani ; therapy ; Pruritus Vulvae ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of varicella outbreak in Jiading District in Shanghai from 2015 to 2018. Methods Varicella epidemic report data was collected from the national system of disease control and prevention and analyzed by spatial-temporal scanning statistic methods. Results There were 5 889 varicella cases reported from the year 2015 to 2018, and the annual average incidence rate was 91.68 per 100 000.The incidence rate for children below 3 years old was found to be the highest, reaching 621.45 per 100 000, which was significantly higher than that for the group of 18 years old and above (χ²=16 616.788, P < 0.001).There were 5.41% and 5.31% of the cases in September and February, respectively, which were lower than other months, and the peak incidence occurred in December and November, accounting for 13.41% and 11.95%, respectively.The highest and lowest incidence rates were 151.80 per 100 000 occurring in central urban area and 59.89 per 100 000 in rural area, respectively.The spatial-temporal scanning showed that the low population density area had a wide cluster range and a low effect value.The high population density area has small cluster range and high effect value. Conclusion The incidence of vanicella presents a trend of population, seasonal and regional clustering.Therefore, targeted measure should be taken to prevent varicella in focus population.