At present, Chinese medical field faces with an important problem of how to correctly handle the relationship between medical and scientific research. Academician Li Lianda advocates doctors doing scientific research under the premise of putting the medical work first. He points out that there are many problems in the process of doctors doing scientific research at present such as paying more attention to scientific research than medical care, excessively promoting building scientific research hospital, only paying attention to training scientific talents, research direction be flashy without substance, the medical evaluation system should be improved and so on. Medical, scientific research and teaching are inseparable because improving medical standards depends on scientific research and personnel training. But not all doctors need to take into account of medical treatment, scientific research and teaching in the same degree while not all hospitals need to turn into three-in-one hospital, scientific research hospital or teaching hospital. It must be treated differently according to the actual situation.
Altitude ; Biomedical Research ; education ; manpower ; trends ; Humans ; Physicians ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury(IRI) in old rats and the cardiac protective effect of Esmolol(ES). Methods116 rats were divided into three groups: IR group, IR+ES group and Sham group. The ischemic samples were observed in ischemia and 3,6,12,24 hours after IR. The myocardial levels of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA were evaluated by method of IN Situ Hybridization and the protein were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. The content of infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs), malomdialdehyde(MDA), superoxides dismutase(SOD) and the myocardial infarction area were measured too. ResultsAfter IR, myocardial levels of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA, protein,MDA and PMNs were increased significantly; SOD was decreased significantly. Between the levels of expression of ICAM-1 protein and PMNs, infarction area of myocardium, a close correlation were observed(P<0.05). In IR+ES group, all of the indicators were increased after IR, but the levels of increase in IR+ES group were more significantly modification as compared with IR group(P<0.05-0.01).Conclusions The findings indicate that PMNs could induce myocardial IRI after IR, which result from the ICAM-1 mediated PMNs adhesion.ES is able to decrease myocardial IRI by blocking the expression of ICAM-1 partially.

Objective To observe the expression of MTA1 and ER in breast cancer,the correlation of the two factors and with the invasive capability of breast cancer.Methods The expression of MTA1 and ER in normal breast,precancerous lesions and breast cancer tissues was detected by using nucleic acid hybridization in situ(ISH) and immunocytochemistry(IHC) methods,and their correlation was analyzed by Spearman method.ResultsThe expression of MTA1 and ER was higher in ISH than in IHC.The mRNA expression of MTA1 in normal breast tissue,precancerous lesions and breast cancer tissne was 12.2%,33.3%,and 81.1% respectively,and the expression by IHC was 11.1%,31.1% and 72.2% respectively.The mRNA expression of ER in normal breast tissue,precancerous lesions and breast cancer tissue was 83.3%,61.1% and 37.8%,respectively,and the expression by IHC was70.9%,56.7% and 35.6% respectively.The positive expression of MTA1 was higher in ER-negative patients than that in ER-positive ones(86.2﹪vs.46.9﹪).ConclusionsCombined ISH and IHC detection can improve the detection rate of MTA1 and ER.With advancement of the disease and lowering of tumor differentiation,the expression of MTA1 gradually increases,while expression of ER decreases and even disappears.The expression of MTA1 is negative in relation to that of ER(the coefficient is-0.466).MTA1and ER could be important molecular markers for the prognosis and therapy of breast cancer.

Objective To establish a method for calculating deferral periods of blood donors having taken traditional Chinese medicines based on the drug's pharmacokinetics.Methods The pharmacokinetic method was used.For drugs that are not known to cause anaphylaxis or teratogenesis,the interval between last dose of drug and safe blood donation equals to t max plus 7t 1/2 .For drugs with known teratogenic and anaphylactic risks,a deferral period of 20 plasma elimination half lives and t maxis necessary.There are some rules independent of the drug's half life.Results 22 intervals of traditional Chinese medicine are determined.Conclusion Our recommendations for deferral periods of blood donors after traditional Chinese medicine treatment,based on pharmacokinetics can increase the safety of donated blood.

Cells, Cultured ; Drug Antagonism ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Quercetin ; pharmacology

Academic Dissertations as Topic ; Bibliometrics ; China ; Health Systems Agencies ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Publishing

The key technologies of sweep-frequency electrical impedance tomography system are presented in detail, which consist of the ones for the excitation signal source, constant current source, analog switch array and signal demodulation. A data acquisition system of sweep-frequency electrical impedance tomography based on high-speed composite-signal (ISP-FLASH) MCU is designed. High-speed composite-signal (ISP-FLASH) MCU is applied to electrode gating, data acquisition and data communication with PC. PC is adopted as the master computer to control inferior devices, receive measurement data and perform image reconstruction. The problem and possible way to develop the measurement system are also mentioned.

In order to explore the effect and mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the activity of the acyl coenzyme A: cholesteryl acyltransferase (ACAT), THP-1 monocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate into macrophages with phorbol ester. TNF-alpha (60 ng/mL) was added at different time points into the macrophage-containing medium and the ACAT enzyme activity was measured by quantifying the incorporation of [1-(14)C] oleoyl CoA into cholesteryl esters. The expression of ACAT-1 protein and mRNA was respectively detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR in THP-1 macrophages 24 h after treatment with TNF-alpha (60 ng/mL). The results indicated that ACAT activity in THP-1 macrophages treated with TNF-alpha was increased in a time-dependent manner. The expression levels of ACAT-1 protein and mRNA were significantly increased in THP-1 macrophages after treatment with TNF-alpha (P<0.05). It was suggested that TNF-alpha could increase the activity of ACAT in THP-1 macrophages by up-regulating the expression of ACAT-1 gene.

Objective To explore the serum level of gentamycin for orally in children with serious illness.Methods The serum level of gentamycin in 41 children who were in serious illness [multiple organ dysfunction(MODS)group with 21 cases and non-MODS group with 20 cases ] were monitored and the patients were treated with select decontamination of the digestive tract(SDD) from October 2004 to April 2005.Dosage:10 mg/(kg?d),orally taken three times(every 8 hours) one day.The blood after taking the drug one hour later in the fourth day was selected and the serum level of getamycin was monitored.Results Thirty-six children of 41 cases serum level of gentamycin were negative and 5 children(4 in MODS group and 1 in non-MODS group) who had alimentary tract hemorrhage were masccline in serum after taking gentamycin one hour later in the forth day.The absorption of gentamycin from enteric after orally was not(rela)-ted to MODS.There were statistics value between the gestrintestinal tract ulcer and serum level of gentamycin.Conclusions The safety for treating the children in serious illness with gentamycin for SDD is obvious.But we suggest to monitor the serum level of gentamycin for who has severe alimentary tract hemorrhage together with insufficiency of liver and kindey.