Objective To establish a rabbit model of hypoglycemia and evaluate the accuracy and timeliness of hypoglycemia monitoring by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS).Methods Sixteen female New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 4 rabbits in each group.The rabbits in the control group were given intravenous infusion of saline.The animals in the experimental group were infused with insulin continuously, which were divided into 0.1 U/kg/h insulin group (RI=0.1 U group), 0.2 U/kg/h insulin (RI=0.2 U group) group and 0.4 U/kg/h insulin group (RI=0.4 U group) accordingly.During the experiment, CGMS was monitored for 240 min.Blood samples were collected at a 30-minute interval and the blood glucose level was measured by a hand glucose meter.Results A total of 1296 CGMS monitoring data were obtained during the study period, and 136 BG monitoring data matched with CGMS time were obtained.After the insulin administration, BG and CGMS were significantly decreased.The reduction rates of BG and CGMS were 0.016 and 0.017 mmol/L/min in the RI=0.1 U insulin group, 0.04 and 0.027 mmol/L/min in the RI=0.2U insulin group, and 0.049 and 0.032 mmol/L/min in the RI=0.4 U group.According to whether BG monitoring value was lower than 4.4 mmol/L, the BG-CGMS paring data were divided into hypoglycemia and normoglycemia.In hypoglycemia, the average deviation of BG-CGMS was 0.55 mmol/L (the upper and lower limits were-0.98 and 2.08 mmol/L, respectively) and the absolute difference percentage (RAD) was 40.2% ± 45.2%.The mean deviation of BG-CGMS in normal blood glucose was-0.19 mmol/L (upper and lower limits were-1.38 and 1.00 mmol/L, respectively) and 5.8% ± 5.3% in RAD.The error grid analysis (EGA) showed that the proportion of zone A was 93.4%, 0.7% in zone B, and 5.9% in zone D, and the zone D was distributed in area of low BG and high CGMS.Conclusions The results of this study indicate that CGMS has a significant hysteresis phenomenon when blood glucose is reduced rapidly.When the blood glucose levels fall below 4.4 mmol/L, CGMS may have a risk of overestimating blood glucose.Such risk should be fully considered during CGMS clinical application.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of intrathecal injection of meropenem combined with vanco-mycin for intracranial infections after craniotomy. METHODS:In retrospective analysis,46 patients with intracranial infections af-ter craniotomy selected from our hospital during May 2014 to Jun. 2016 were divided into control group(20 cases)and observation group(26 cases)according to treatment method. Control group was given Vancomycin hydrochloride for injection 1.0 g,ivgtt,bid+Meropenem for injection 2.0 g,ivgtt,tid. After cerebrospinal fluid release of lumbar cistern drainage,observation group was given Vancomycin hydrochloride for injection 20 mg slowly,and the given Meropenem for injection 20 mg,bid,after washing tube with 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 2 mL. Both groups received treatment for 2 weeks. Cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture,clinical ef-ficacy,healing time and treatment cost were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR and sequela in 6 months after treat-ment were recorded. RESULTS:The positive rate of cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture of 46 patients was 45.7%. The healing rate of observation group(92.3%)was significantly higher than that of control group(65.0%). Healing time and treatment cost of ob-servation group were significantly shorter or lower than control group;and total incidence of ADR (7.7%) was also significantly lower than control group (40.0%),the incidence of sequelae (3.8%) was significantly lower than control group (20.0%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Therapeutic efficacy of intrathecal injection of meropenem combined with van-comycin is superior than intravenous administration for intracranial infections after craniotomy,can significantly shorten the treat-ment time and reduce treatment cost with good safety.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the effects of hirudin on the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in vitro, as well to explore its func- tion in the mechanism of gingival remodeling.

METHODSAfter culturing was performed with classic tissue-explant method, HGFs were derived from normal gingival and gingival hyperplasia tissues followed by orthodontic treatments with different concentrations of hirudin. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1 and bFGF were respectively detected by real time quantity polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with normal HGFs, TGF-β1 expression promoted collagen synthesis of fibroblasts, whereas bFGF collagen synthesis was decreased in hyperplasia HGFs without hirudin (P < 0.05). Hirudin significantly upregulated the expression levels of bFGF but downregulated TGF-β1 in hyperplasia HGFs (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOrthodontic force may influence the balance of collagen synthesis and degradation in HGFs. Hirudin may modulate the balance of HGF collagen metabolism, thereby promoting gingival remodeling.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Fibroblasts ; Gingiva ; Hirudins ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

Age Determination by Skeleton ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Puberty, Precocious ; blood ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Yin-Yang

Objective: To summarize the application and efficacy of fresh autologous pericardial tri-leaflet pulmonary artery conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 18 relevant patients received fresh autologous pericardial tri-leaflet pulmonary artery conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in our hospital from 2007-08 to 2012-12 were studied. The patients were at the mean age of (2.12±2.02) years with body weight ≥ (9.41±3.62) kg including 10 male. Echocardiography was followed-up at 1 month, 3-6 and ≥12 months post-operation. Results: All 18 patients had successful operation. 2 patients died at early post-operative stage including 1 with severe infection and respiratory failure, 1 with low cardiac output syndrome. 16 survivors had the average ICU stay time (140.2±124.5) h, mechanical ventilation (94.4±87.6) h, transcutaneous O2 saturation at quiet condition without O2 inhalation at (97.1±3.34) %. There were 3 patients lost contact during followed-up period and 13 received periodical examination. No obvious calcification was found in chest X-ray; echocardiography showed infrequent stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract, pulmonary valve ring and main pulmonary artery; left and right pulmonary artery stenosis at the second place. Conclusion: The safety and efficacy of fresh autologous pericardial tri-leaflet pulmonary artery conduit for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction was fine for treating relevant patients, the mid and long term effect should be further observed.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo explore the occurrence and development of nasal polyps by studying the interleukin 17 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression level in nasal polyp tissues.METHODSNasal polyps in 30 patients with chronic sinusitis (with polyps), ethmoid sinus mucosa in 30 patients with chronic sinusitis (without polyps), inferior turbinate mucosa in 10 patients with nasal septum deviation were collected intraoperatively. IL-17 and VEGF expression were detected using immunohistochemistry SP testing, and correlation between them was analysed. RESULTS1. The expression of IL-17 and VEGF in nasal polyps group is significantly higher than that of the other two groups.There was significant difference between each two groups statistically (P<0.01). 2. The expression of IL-17 was positively correlated with VEGF expression in nasal polyps.CONCLUSION1. The expression of IL-17 and VEGF increased in nasal polyp tissues. 2. The expression of IL-17 and VEGFwas positively correlated in nasal polyps , and both of them take part in the occurrence and development of nasal polyps.

0.05);Compared to Gram-negative bacilli group of sputum culture,Gram-positive cocci group had significant diffe-rence in the incidence of gastrointestinal dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders(Pa

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and hypertension.

METHODSColor Doppler ultrasonography data of CAS were observed in 150 hypertension patients [as the hypertension group, including 70 patients in the phlegm-stasis syndrome (PSS) group and 80 in the non-PSS group] and 30 non-hypertension patients (as the control group). The difference of the CAS occurrence was compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThe incidence of CAS was higher in the PSS group and the non-PSS group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P<0.01). Of them, it was higher in the PSS group than in the non-PSS group (P<0.05). Hard plaque dominated in the CAS plaque constitution in both the PSS group and the non-PSS group. Of them the soft plaque ratio was higher in the PSS group than in the non-PSS group, showing statistical difference (41.9% vs 11.4%, P<0.05). The CAS plaque distribution positions among the three groups (P>0.05). The inner diameters of the left and right common carotid artery, and the resistant indices of the left and right common carotid artery, the left internal carotid artery, and the left vertebral artery in the PSS group and the non-PSS group were higher than in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHypertension patients are often accompanied with CAS of various degrees. Especially the soft plaque ratio of the CAS plaque was higher in those of PSS, indicating the possibility of target organs damage such as cerebral infarction was higher.

Carotid Artery Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety profile of pegylated-interferonα-2a (Peg IFNα-2a) combined with adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (IHC).Methods This was a single center, prospective and open-label study.IHC were divided into therapeutic group (T, 112 subjects) and control group (C, 72 subjects) according to personal willingness.Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA<20 IU/mL were treated with Peg IFNα-2a monotherapy, and those with HBV DNA ≥20-<2 000 IU/mL were treated with Peg IFNα-2a combined with ADV.Total therapy duration was 96 weeks.For patients who achieved HBsAg seroconversion and continued consolidation treatment for 24 weeks, the treatment duration could be less than 96 weeks.t test was used for continuous variable comparison between the two groups, while chi-square test or Fisher′s exact probability method was used for counting data analysis.The related factors affecting HBsAg clearance was analyzed by univariate or multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 194 patients were enrolled with 112 in therapeutic group and 72 in control group.The HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate at week 48 in therapeutic group were 30.8% (32/104) and 26.0% (27/104), respectively.The rates at week 96 increased to 45.2% (47/104) and 38.5% (40/104), respectively.The HBsAg clearance rates at weeks 48 and 96 in control group were both 1.5% (1/68).HBsAg seroconversion was not achieved in control group.The HBsAg clearance rate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (χ2=39.066, P<0.01).The quantitative HBsAg levels at baseline (OR=2.313, 95%CI: 1.258-4.251, P=0.007), week 12 (OR=3.159, 95%CI: 1.826-5.466, P<0.01) and week 24 (OR=3.347, 95%CI: 2.050-5.465, P<0.01), the decline of HBsAg at week 12 (OR=5.343, 95%CI: 2.085-13.689, P<0.01), and week 24 (OR=4.855, 95%CI: 2.380-9.902, P<0.01), and alanine transaminase (ALT) elevation at week 12 (OR=3.520, 95%CI: 1.369-9.052, P=0.009) were independent predictors for HBsAg clearance.Conclusions Peg IFNα-2a-based treatment for IHC could achieve higher HBsAg clearance rate and seroconversion rate, and has a safety profile.Decline of HBsAg at week 12 and week 24 with ALT elevation at week 12 could predict a higher HBsAg clearance rate.

OBJECTIVETo explore an effective orthodontic method for treating impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors.

METHODS12 impacted teeth of 11 cases were chosen. The position of the impacted teeth and the relations with neighbour tissues were assessed by X-ray images, oral examination and plaster model, etc. The impacted teeth were induced to erupt with the closed-eruption technique and fixed orthodontic appliances, root canal therapy, apicoectomy and prosthetic treatment.

RESULTS12 impacted teeth were moved into arches, and the occlusal relationship was normal. There were no root resorption or conglutination in those impacted teeth. The labial impacted teeth of nine cases had bigger labial crown torsion. The root apexes of four impacted teeth were palpable under mucosa of the labial sulcus and operated by root canal therapy and apicoectomy. One of them received prosthetic treatment. Others (five cases) hadn't accepted root canal therapy, and were observed temporarily. The effects of two palatal impacted teeth was stable.

CONCLUSIONIt was a good method to expand indication with sequence orthodontic treatment. The impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors could be aligned with good esthetical and functional effect.

Bicuspid ; Humans ; Incisor ; Maxilla ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Tooth Crown ; Tooth Eruption ; Tooth Root ; Tooth, Impacted