Aged ; Aging ; Health Services for the Aged ; Humans

Pulmonary fibrosis is a group of chronic lung diseases caused by various factors and characterized by chronic inflammations,lung tissue structure damage,increase of pulmonary interstitial collagen and massive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Because of its complicated etiology, there is no effective treatment currently. Recent studies showed that the activation of sphingolipids signaling and pulmonary fibrosis were closely related. This paper describes the composition and function of sphingolipids signaling pathway and its effect on fibrosis in order to provide new ideas about further study of the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and methods of prevention.

With the development of immunoassay and sensing technologies and the solid waste compost technologies being paid more and more attention,the method of immunosensor can’t be interfered by some interference factors of the commonly used analytical methods,it is of great significance to apply the immunosensor technologies in monitoring,and real-time,online measurement during compost process. The working mechanism and classification of immunosensor are briefly introduced,and the components of the complex compost system are divided into solid phase,liquid phase and gas phase. The development and application of immunosensor in compost is introduced. The latest progress in immunosensor for determination of trace toxicants is reviewed. The application of immunosensor in environmental monitoring and its future development are also discussed.

Objective To evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against Exophiala dermatitidis (E.dermatitidis).Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole and terbinafine against 12 strains of E.dermatitidis were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution susceptibility method (M38-A2 Document).A broth microdilution checkerboard method was used to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.Results The MIC ranges of terbinafine and itraconazole against E.dermatitidis were 0.060-0.125 mg/L and 0.5-1 mg/L,respectively.The combination of tacrolimus with terbinafine showed synergistic inhibitory effects against 5 strains of E.dermatitidis,while the combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole revealed synergistic effects against 10 strains of E.dermatitidis.No antagonism was observed in either of the two combinations.Conclusion In vitro combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole or terbinafine can enhance the antifungal activity of itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.

Objective To study the simple preparation method and structure of nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composite, to investigate new substitute of repairing bone for using in tissue engineering. Methods Porous nano-hydroxyapatite was made of Ca (OH)2 and H3PO4. Collagen was drawn from fresh adult bovine tendon. The two materials were prepared into biomembrane through the glutaraldehyde and freeze-drying. The crystallite phase, micro-morphology, structure, crystallite size of the composite were examined by XRD and scanning electronic microscop (SEM). Results The results showed that the composite structure was porous and consisted of nano-hydroxyapatite (10 nm ? 50 nm - 20 nm ? 80 nm) and collagen fiber. The crystallite phases and size of the composite was similar to that of natural bone. Conclusion The porous nano-hydroxyapatite /collagen composite is expected to be an ideal substitute of repairing bone.

Humans ; Noise, Occupational ; Normal Distribution ; Textiles

Objective To investigate the clinical value of VVI assessment normal fetal segmental myocardial performance and to establish a nomogram of normal fetus.Methods Digital dynamic fourchamber imaging of 151 healthy fetus(divided 5 groups according to gestation)were collected,then the longitudinal velocity,strain and strain rate of interventricular septal and left lateral wall were measured in systolic and diastolic period respectively.Results Normal systolic and diastolic values for tissue velocitv.strain,and strain rate were established.Tissue velocity was age dependent,whereas strain and strain rate were stable throughout gestation(P＞0.05).Tissue velocity was gradually decreased from the base segment to the apical segment(P＜0.01),whereas strain and strain rate were stable among all segments in every group(P＞0.05).Conclusions Fetal myocardial velocity,strain,and strain rate measuraments are easy to obtain and reproducible,VVI is a novel noninvasive tool to assess quantitatively and objectivelv regional systolic and diastolic function in fetal heart,it is providing another useful modality for evaluating cardiac function.

Biodegradable nano/microparticles of poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is a novel non-viral gene vector, which has many advantages, such as safety, non-immunogenicity, easy of large-scale preparation and well load-capability. Therefore, more and more attentions and researches have been paid on its application. Especially, PLGA has shown enormous potential application value and space in the field of plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery system. On the basis of the current situation of PLGA nano/microparticles for pDNA delivery, this paper focused on summarizing the current preparation approaches and surface modified methods of PLGA particle, furthermore showing its application in gene therapy and genetic vaccine delivery. These showed that PLGA nano/microparticles have extensive prospect in the development of controlled gene delivery system.
Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Emulsions ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Plasmids ; Polyglycolic Acid ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Polymers

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and underling mechanism of water-soluble CO-releasing molecules (CORM-3)on the alleviation of allograft rejectionafter mouse kidney transplantation.Methods A mice kidney transplantation model was established using C.FVB-Tg (Itgax-DTR/GFP)57Lan/J or C57BL/6J (H-2Kb) mice as donors,and Balb/c (H-2Kd) mice as recipients.After donor nephrectomy,kidney was preserved in UW solution which contained CORM-3 or iCORM (inactive CO-releasing molecules) for 24 h in 4℃.Recipient survival after removal of both na? ve kidneys,serum creatinine as well as graft histology was observed.In the C.FVB-Tg(ItgaxDTR/GFP) 57Lan/J donors,rDCs were acquired in vitro and selected by magnetic cell sorting (MACS) after graft nephrectomy.The expression of activation markers,CD80 and CD86,on rDC was assessed by using flow cytometry.ResultsThe graft medium survival time was 40.5 days in the iCORM group and 70 days in the CORM-3 group respectively (P＜0.05).CORM-3 preserved the graft function as shown by significantly lower serum creatinine (P＜0.05; or P＜0.01) and alleviated graft pathology injury.Diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells in the interstitial tissues,moderate tubulitis and partial glomerular sclerosis were found in the iCORM graft kidney,while the CORM-3 graft kidney displayed almost normal histology.Meanwhile,CORM-3 suppressed the expression of CD80 and CD86 in donor-derived rDC.ConclusionCORM-3 can alleviate allograft rejection,prolong the graft survival,and improve kidney function in mouse kidney transplantation,probably via inhibiting rDC activation.

Objective To explore the feasibility of imaging and treatment of cervical cancer xenograft model using 131I mediated by hNIS gene transfection. Methods The cervical cancer xenograft models were established with Hela-NIS( +) cells and Hela cells, respectively. Five Hela-NIS( +) xenograft models and five Hela xenograft models were dynamically imaged at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 20 h postinjection of 131I(7.4 MBq). Five Hela-NIS( +) xenograft models were imaged at 0. 5,1,2,4,8,16, 20 and 25 h postinjection of 99TcmO4-(11.1 MBq). Twenty Hela-NIS( +) cervical cancer xenograft models were randomly divided into four groups: Three 131I treating groups and one control group. The therapeutic effects of 131I at threelevels (74,111,148 MBq) were investigated following intraperitoneal injection. Results Hela-NIS( +)human cervical cancer xenografts were established successfully in nude mice. The Hela-NIS( +) xenografts significantly accumulated radioactivity after intraperitoneal injection of 131I, and the radioactivity was persistently present until 20 h postinjection, but Hela xenografts had no radioactive accumulation. The T/B value of the Hela-NIS( +) xenografts reached 17.34 at 8 h postinjection. The imaging with 99TcmO4- showed that the radioactivity was persistently present in Hela-NIS( +) xenografts for almost 25 h. The Hela-NIS( +)xenografts shrinked after 131I treatment. The inhibition ratios of tumor growth in 111 MBq and 148 MBq groups were both significantly higher than that of 74 MBq group (t: 2.74-5.75, P ＜0.05). Conclusions Hela-NIS( +) cervical cancer xenografts in nude mice could persistently accumulate 131I and 99TcmO4- and could be treated successfully with 131 I. 131 I treatment mediated by hNIS gene transfection could be a promising cancer treatment method.