Adenoidectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery

Objective To determine the role of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) in ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) rats. Methods Gel mobility shift assay was used to detect the DNA binding activity of NF-KB in ischemic ARF rats and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to study the expression of renal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) . The relationship between DNA binding activity of NF-?B and expression of iNOS was also analyzed. Results The DNA binding activity of NF-?B in renal cortex increased from 1.00 ?0.17 of controls to 3. 67 ? 1. 94 of 6 hours after ischemia-reperfusion ( P

In order to assess the effect of long-term versus short-term intravesical chemotherapy in preventing the recurrence of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we searched several databases with words as mesh terms and free text words to find all eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for the comparison of the two strategies of instillation durations. "Observed-Expected events research (O-E)" and "Variance (V)" for calculating hazard ratio (HR) were used in Revman 5.2 software recommended by Cochrane Collabration for data analysis. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were selected to minish heterogeneity. GRADEpro 3.6 profile recommended by Cochrane Collabration was employed for quality assessment of analyses. Finally, 13 eligible RCTs with 4216 patients were included in this review and 16 comparisons from 13 trials were involved for analysis. The pooled analysis revealed no significant difference between long-term and short-term duration [HR=0.99, 95% CI (0.89, 1.11), P=0.89]. Within the subgroup analysis, patients benefited from long-term instillations with a start regimen of one immediate instillation [HR=0.83, 95% CI (0.69, 1.00), P=0.05]. But patients were not suitable to receive long-term instillations with epirubicin (EPI) [HR=1.01, 95% CI (0.91, 1.13), P=0.78]. The progression rate was not reduced after long-term instillations [HR=0.96, 95% CI (0.66, 1.39), P=0.82]. From our results, patients should not receive introvesical chemotherapy more than half a year. In contrast, patients with one immediate instillation are preferred to have a long-term duration at least one year. Long-term instillations can not reduce the progression rate.

BACKGROUND:At present, there are several limb-preserving methods,such as xenogenic bone joint replacement, artificial metal prothesis replacement and inactivation and replantation of tumor bone segment, etc.Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, mismatch of xenogenic and autogeneic joints and articular cartilage necrosis in the late stage, which affects joint function, are two important problems for large frozen bone-joint allograft at ultra-low temperature in repair of bone defect following bone tumor resections in extremities.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate a method to obtain outline information on the cartilage surface through spiral CT scanning data, so as to lay foundation for study on individualized artifical semi-knee joint based on rapid prototyping (RP) technique.DESIGN: Open experiment.SETTING: First Department of Trauma, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, and Institute of Advanced Manufacturing, Xi'an Jiaotong University from September 2001 to May 2003. CT scanning subject was a 25-year-old healthy male volunteer.METHODS:Distal femur was performed 1 mm in thickness scanning with Picker 6 000 spiral CT. Three-dimensional volume reconstruction was conducted at the Voxel Q Image workstation on Picker 6000 CT, then, two-dimensional tomography image of reconstruction data were downloaded with spacing of 0.1 mm. Data format converter software was self-developed. The downloaded image was treated through smoothing, de-noise and so on.Vector data of two-dimensional borderline outline of tomography image was calculated and input into Surfacer 9.0 software (American Imageware company) for vectorial three-dimensional reconstruction. According to recognition of articular cartilage outline and request of prothesis design, the threedimensional images of interested articular cartilage surface outline were extracted and used in the computer-aided design for individualized artificial semi-knee joint.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Vector converting of CT image and vector image of three-dimensional reconstruction of femoral condyle.RESULTS:Vector converting of CT image dafa had been come true using self-developed medical image vector converter software. Three-dimensional solid model of individualized femoral condyle was constructed with Surfacer9.0 three-dimensional processing software and edited according to design request. Three-dimensional model of articular cartilage requested by artifical semi-knee joint prothesis was extracted for computer-aided design. The constructed articular surface outline could be treated further to complete computer-aided design of artificial semi-knee joint prothesis; The file format was .stl, which could be recognized by RP software and used in engineering.CONCLUSION:Vector reconstruction of articular cartilage outline is performed based on spiral CT data that can obtain precise three-dimensional solid model of articular cartilage outline. The three-dimensional model can be edited, which lays foundation for computer-aided design and RP manufacturing of artificial semi-knee joint prothesis compounded with large segment xenogenic bone; It is easy and practicable in vector converting of medical image information with this method, and it also has good application prospect in biomanufacturing field in orthopaedic and oral maxillofacial surgery.

Aim To confirm the inhibitory effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia ( CIHH) on my-ocardial apoptosis induced by metabolism syndrome ( MS) , and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A rat model of MS induced by fructose was used. The blood pressure and the plasma content of glucose, tri-glyceride, cholesterol, and insulin after 12 h fasting were detected. HE stain were used to detect the cardi-ac structure. The TUNEL staining and activity of caspase-3 were used to detect the apoptosis of myocar-dium. The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blot . Results Compared with the control rats, the blood pressure and the plasma content of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and insu-lin were all increased in rats with MS. In rats with MS, the impairment of cardiac structure and the increase of apoptosis were also observed. The protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated, and that of Bax was significantly up-regulated in MS rats. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was also significantly decreased. Interest-ingly, CIHH could ameliorate all of the above issues. There was no significant difference between control group and CIHH group. Conclusion CIHH may im-prove the increased apoptosis in rats with MS via inhib-iting the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. This stud-y might provide new targets for therapy and the preven-tion of MS patients.

Objective To evaluate protective effects of recombinant human thioredoxin(TRX) in myocardial injury of mice with viral myocarditis. Methods We established viral myocarditis models by intraperitoneal injection with 0.1 ml 100TCID50 Coxsackie virus 3m(CVB3m), along with tail vein injection of recombinant human TRX (2 mg/kg) for protection. The control group was given equivalent volume of normal saline. The mice were killed 7 days following the injections. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was determined and myocardial injury was examined with light microscopy. Results The somm LDH activity in Coxsackie virns-infected mice [(3130.50±390.57)U/L] was higher than that of animals in the control group[ (1617.86±155.42)U/L] and that of TRX protection group[ (1959.43±540.75)U/L], the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference between TRX protection group and the control group(P 0.05). Light microscopy showed that five of the eight Coxsackie rims-infected mice had myocardial lesions, including focal myocardial necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. There was no myocardial injury in the TRX protection group. Conclusions Recombinant human TRX can lessen myocardial injuries induced by infection with CVB3m, and so can protect myocardium.

Yersinia enterocolitica infection in humans and animals was investigated in this study to explore the source of infection .We collected samples from patients and pigs ,and then the strains were conducted to undergo serotyping ,virulence gene detection and PFGE molecular typing .Of the 150 patients samples ,3 were tested positive for Yersinia enterocolitica ,and one of them was O∶3 .Of the 222 pigs samples ,14 were tested positive for Yersinia enterocolitica ,and all of them were O∶3 .PFGE molecular typing showed that the Yersinia enterocolitica from patient and pig had high homology .Our study con-firmed that Yersinia enterocolitica from pigs could infect people and find that it could exist in the cured patient for at least two months .

Using the concepts and methods of epigenetics and metabolomics, to investigate the overall action molecular mechanism of Chrysanthemi indici C (CIC), the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) active extracts from Flos chrysanthemi indici. The inhibitory effects of CIC on proliferation and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) and HBV-DNA of HepG2.2.15 cells were detected by CCK-8 and antigen kit. The DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs)/ten-eleven-translocation-2 (TET2) equilibrium was detected by ELISA. Illumina 850K methylation chip, pyrosequencing and qPCR were used to determine the action pathway and target of CIC by GO and KEGG analysis. Cell metabolites were extracted with 80% methanol, and the changes of differential metabolites, differential metabolic pathways and cell microenvironment were detected by LC-MS and other metabolomics methods. The results showed that CIC could inhibit the proliferation, HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV-DNA of HepG2.2.15 cells obviously, down-regulate DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) and DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b), up-regulate TET2, and restore the balance of DNMTs/TET2. The action targets of CIC were phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLCG2), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3), 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2 (AGPAT2), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (HTR2B), nerve growth factor (NGF), mainly involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation mediated regulation of transient receptor potential (TRP), phospholipase D signaling and advanced glycation end product-receptor for AGE (AGE-RAGE) signaling in diabetic complications pathways. CIC could significantly affect fatty acid metabolism and had great influence on phenolic acid, alkaloid and lipid metabolites in cell microenvironment. These results suggest that the action mechanism of CIC may be the synergistic action of multiple pathways and multiple targets, including related inflammatory pathways, immune pathways and lipid metabolism, through regulating epigenetic expression balance and restoring the balance of cell microenvironment.

Objective: To investigate the trend of esophageal and stomach cancer incidence and mortality in Feicheng during 2000 to 2013, and to evaluate the effects of the national project of screening for upper digestive tract cancers from 2006 to 2015 in Feicheng. Methods: We collected 26 569 cases, which were coded of C15 and C16 in the 10th edition of international classification of diseases (ICD) during the period of 2000-2013. The data came from cancer registration system of Feicheng, Shandong Province, China. These cases already covered 21 679 882 person-year. The annual percent change (APC) of incidence and mortalit were analyzed. The risk factors of upper gastrointestinal cancer were investigated and evaluated for people aging 40-69 in three street offices and eleven townships of Feicheng, and endoscopic screening was conducted among people who was in high risk. The corresponding data were used to analyze the early detection project of upper gastrointestinal cancer screening and early diagnosis, with the index of detection rate, early diagnosis rate, early treatment rate and other indicators. Result: There were 26 569 new cases of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer occurred in Feicheng from 2000 to 2013. The incidence of esophageal cancer gradually increased since 2000 with 76.06 per 100 000 people (575/756 005) and reached the peak in 2010 with incidence rate of 118.76 per 100 000 people (852/717 429), with the annual percent change at about 4.3% (95%CI: 2.7%-5.9%) and showed a downward trend after then but has no significance, with APC about-7.1% (95%CI:-15.8%-2.5%). The incidence of gastric cancer was increased from 2000 with an incidence rate of 37.70 per 100 000 people (285/756 005) to 2013 with an incidence rate of 54.59 per 100 000 (538/985 512), with an annual percent change of about 3.3% (95%CI: 2.1%-4.5%). Esophageal cancer and gastric cancer mortality showed a relatively stable trend during 2000 to 2013, esophageal cancer with APC about 0.1% (95%CI: -1.3%-1.5%) and stomach cancer with APC about 0.8% (95%CI: -0.5%-2.0%). From 2006 to 2015, 58 579 residents aged 40-69 years old participated cancer screening project covered 206 105 populations in Feicheng. There were 1 124 invasive cancers and in situ cases from upper digestive tract were detected, with the detective rate at 1.92%. Among those cases, 941 cases were in early stage with the early diagnosis rate of 83.72%, and about 88.97% of detected patients received appropriate treatment after diagnosis. Conclusion The incidence of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer with a very high level of incidence and mortality, this made the prevention and control situation was still very serious. The project of cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment on upper digestive tract cancers in Feicheng plays a positive role on cancer control.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Erzhi Tiangui Granule (ETG) on the concentration of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in follicular fluid (FF) and quality of oocytes/embryos after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSWomen undergoing IVF-ET were randomly assigned to two groups: the treated group (42 cases) treated with ETG combined with Western medicine and the control group (38 cases) treated with Western medicine alone. Syndrome of Shen-deficiency, amount of oocytes, rates of mature oocytes, fertilization, cleavage, high-quality embryos and pregnancy, as well as LIF level in FF were observed and compared between the two groups. The relationship of LIF level with mature oocyte rate and high-quality embryo rate was analyzed, respectively.

RESULTSIn the treated group after treatment, the syndrome of Shen-deficiency and the above-mentioned indexes tested were improved better than those in the control group, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the LIF level in FF was positively correlated with the rate of mature oocyte, high-quality embryo and the outcome of pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONETG can distinctively increase the amount of oocyte, elevate the quality of embryo and raise the successful rate of IVF-ET. The mechanism maybe correlated to the increase of LIF level in FF and the activating of microenvironment for its full expression.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Follicular Fluid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Oocytes ; cytology ; Phytotherapy ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy