Objective To compare the difficult degree,differences in gastric pouch volume,the complications,and postoperative weight loss effect of two gastric pouch practices in laparoscopic gastric bypass for bariatrics.Methods We retrospectively analyzed laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery in 76 bariatrics cases from May 2010 to May 2012.Two methods were used to create gastric pouch,among which 39 cases were operated with the dissection landmark method (called dissection),and 37 cases with bougie airbags 30 ml (called the bougie).Parameters were compared between the 2 groups including operation time for gastric pouch,the amount of staple cartridges,intraoperative complications,blood loss,and postoperative excess weight loss percentage (EWL ％),the postoperative bleeding,obstruction,fistula and other complications.Results All patients were followed up for more than one month.The dissection group used longer time in creating gastric pouch than that in the bougie group [(58 ± 27) min,(42 ±21) min,P ＜ 0.01].The number of staple cartridges used were significantly different between the two groups [(6.2 ±3.0),(4.3 ± 2.0),P ＜ 0.01].There were 10 cases of complications in the dissection group (26％),and 3 cases in the bougie group (8％) (P ＜0.05).One month after the surgery,one each patient had transient hematochezia.There was no gastric pouch-related complications in the two groups postoperation.There was no difference in excess weight loss (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The two methods can achieve the same effect on excess weight loss.The bougie method used less time in creating the gastric pouch,less consumable materials,and less complications occurred in creating gastric pouch.

Objective To investigate the efficacies of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy + duodenojejunal bypass (DJB) and laparoscopic gastric bypass in the treatment of patients with non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The clinical data of 42 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and body mass index (BMI) ＜ 30 kg/m2 received surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2012 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Fifteen patients received laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy + DJB (Sleeve + DJB group),and 27 received Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB group).The follow-up time for all the patients was more than 6 months.The decrease of BMI,complete remission of T2DM,decrease of fasting glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc),postoperative nutritional condition and the incidence of complications of the 2 groups were compared.The measurement data were analyzed using the t test and the repeated measurement chi-square test.Results The operation time of the Sleeve + DJB group and the RYGB group were (137 ± 61)minutes and (89 ± 43) minutes,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =6.158,P ＜ 0.05).No mortality and hemorrhage,bowel obstruction and anastomotic stenosis were detected.One patient was complicated with bile leakage in the Sleeve + DJB group,and was cured by conservative treatment 5 days later.The levels of fasting glucose before operation and at postoperative month 1,3,6 were (8.9 ± 0.7) mmol/L,(5.8 ± 1.3) mmoL/L,(5.6 ±1.8) mmol/L and (5.7 ± 0.3) mmol/L in the Sleeve + DJB group,and (9.9 ± 1.2) mmol/L,(6.9 ± 0.8) mmol/L,(6.6 ± 2.2) mmol/L and (5.6 ± 0.8) mmol/L,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (F =1.670,2.932,0.444,0.158,P ＞ 0.05).The levels of HbAle before operation and at postoperative months 1,3,6 were 7.4％± 1.4％,6.5％ ±0.6％,5.7％±0.5％,5.9％ ±0.6％ in the Sleeve + DJB group,and 7.7％± 2.0％,6.8％ ± 1.3％,5.7％±0.8％,5.6％ ± 1.1％ in the RYGB group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (F =0.055,0.125,0.005,0.286,P ＞ 0.05).The remission rates of T2DM of the Sleeve + DJB group and the RYGB group were 14/15 and 74.1％ (20/27) at postoperative month 6,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =2.320,P ＞ 0.05).The decrease rate of BMI of the Sleeve + DJB group and the RYGB group were 18.2％±9.5％ and 21.2％ ± 4.9％,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =0.982,P ＞0.05).The numbers of patients with postoperative anaemia,avitaminosis and diarrhea were 0,0,2 in the Sleeve + DJB group and 3,2,6 in the RYGB group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=1.795,1.167,0.908,P ＞0.05).The BMIs of all the patients were above 19 kg/m2.Conclusion The effects and incidence of postoperative complications of Sleeve + DJB for the treatment of T2DM are comparable to those of RYGB.Sleeve + DJB has less interference on the nutritional condition of patients compared with RYGB.

Objective To investigate the effect of valsartan (angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptor antagonists) on neointimal proliferation and expression of CD34 after angioplasty in rabbits.Method Twenty-four male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:the control group,fed up with common diet;the model group and the valsartan group,fed up with hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks,f then and ballon angioplasty.At 4 weeks after operation,the model group was fed up with common diet,whereas the valsartan group was fed up with the admixture of valsartan 10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and common diet.All the rabbits were killed at the end of the 12th weeks.The abdominal aorta was performed with pathologic and morphologic analysis,and expression of CD34 in endothelial cells was analyzed with immunohistochemical method.Results Compared with the model group,the neointimal thickness and area of the valsartan group decreased by 56.58%and 66.81%, respectively.The expression of CD34 of the valsartan group was significantly higher (P

Objective HupA is one of the potential drugs which can be used to treat Alzheimer's disease(AD).The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of HupA in vivo by using 11C-HupA.Methods A total of 25 SD rats were studied.They were divided into 5 groups (5 rats in each group).All had intravenous injection of 22 MBq(in0.2 ml)11C-HupA through tail vein.Dynamic im-aging Was acquired from 5 to 90 minutes after injection.Venous blood and organ activities were collected at 5,15,30,60.and 90 minutes after injection.Percentage activity of injected dose per gram of tissue(%ID/g)was calculated to characterize the biodistribution of tracer in different brain regions: frontal,apical, temporal,occipital,cerebellum,hippocampus,striatum,thalamencephalon, and brain stem, Variance analysis using SPSS 11.5 software was performed and compared among the study groups.Results 11C-HupA was character-istic for its quick clearance from blood,with half time T1/2 of (14.61±1.77) min,and clearance rate (CL)macokinetics of 11C-HupA in rats corresponded to a one-compartment model.with an activity curve(area 11C-HupA distribution in different brain regions,being greater in cerebral cortex,hippocampus,hypothala-mus and brain stem. Conclusions Pharmacokinetic study of 11C-HupA in brain was fast.convenient and showed high specificity and sensitivity.Its ability to quantitatively evaluate brain function and its character-istic distribution in mice provided some evidence for monitoring therapy in AD patients.

Objective To understand the mechanism of cerebral energy failure after hypoxia ischemia at the molecular level and to establish the protocol for the safe and effective treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods One hundred neonatal rats were divided into normal control group and hypoxic-ischemic(HI) group. SD rats of both groups were decapitated at the time of 2 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 7 d after HI.These tissues of cerebrum,cortex and hippocampus were taken out to explore the influence of HI on the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 genes with the method of RT-PCR.Results There was an enhancement in the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 genes with the increasing of day age. The expression was more intense in hippocampus than that in cortex. However, HI could significantly enhance the expression of GLUT genes. The expression was higher in cortex than that in hippocampus. The expression of two genes reached the peak at 24 h after HI, but was significantly lower than that in control group at 7 d after HI.Conclusion The increased expression of GLUT genes can maintain the energy supplement for the brain and delay a cascade reaction of cerebral energy failure.

Chinese traditional patent medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis(PBCRBS) originated from traditional Chinese medicine theory and had approved efficacy and safety standards. However, its compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism is not clear. To analyze the compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS, a statistical and bioinformatics analysis was carried out using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system (TICMISS, V2.0) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). The compatibility regularity analysis shows that the most commonly used herb combinations are Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.) and Honghua (Carthamustinctorius L.). The anti-thrombotic mechanism analysis reveals that 25 ingredients have an effect on 29 thrombosis related molecules which 23 molecules are related to inflammation response. Furthermore, there are 5 inflammation molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF, IL1β) served as major targets. At the same time, Danshen, Chuangxiong and Honghua mainly used as sovereign herb or minister herb in the application of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS probably has an effect on anti-thrombotic activity through inhibiting the inflammatory response. In summary, the most commonly used herb combinations of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS are Danshen, Chuanxiong and Honghua. Inhibiting inflammatory response, especially inflammation related molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF and IL1β), is probably a new starting point to clarify the anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese patent medicine for PBCRBS.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Carthamus tinctorius ; Computational Biology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVETo study changes of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) of phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS).

METHODSDoppler ultrasonography data of CAS were observed in 223 hypertension patients with CAS (as the hypertension group, including 119 patients of the PDS group and 104 of the non-PDS group), 81 CAS patients with non-hypertension, and 19 non-hypertension non-CAS patients (as the control group). The difference in the degree of LVR was compared among the above groups.

RESULTSThe left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), inter ventricular septum thickness (IVS), E/A were higher in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group (P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke volume (SV) were higher in the soft plaque hypertension group and the soft plaque non-hypertension group than in the hard plaque group, the thickening intimal group, and the normal intimal group (P < 0.01 , P < 0.05). The LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher, and the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in the PDS hypertension group than in the non-PDS hypertension group (all P < 0.05). Of them, LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher in the soft plaque group than in the hard plaque group (P < 0.01), the thickening intimal group (P < 0.01) and the normal intimal group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in PDS hypertension between the soft plaque group and the hard plaque group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe hypertension patients with CAS of PDS might be correlated to LVR, and LVR was more obviously in the soft plaque patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography ; Ventricular Remodeling

OBJECTIVETo analyze the affecting factors on the cause of measles and measles vaccine under the high coverage of measles vaccine in Shaanxi province.

METHODSAge distribution and vaccination history on measles cases were studied. Throat swabs were obtained from measles cases. Measles virus was isolated from collected specimens with phenol-chloroform extraction method. Amplification was performed by RT-PCR in order to amplify 450 bp fragment of the -COOH side of N gene,and then the sequences of PCR products were detected to confirm the gene type of measles virus. Sera were obtained from patients who were in acute phase of measles disease,and antibody titer against measles vaccine strain and wild strain were determined by small amounts neutralization test.

RESULTSMeasles cases with the history of measles vaccination were accounted for 38.97% of the total numbers. The geometrical mean titer (GMT) (56.18) against S191 attenuated strain was significant higher than that of wild strain (26.90) among these measles patients with history of having received measles vaccination. The GMT (25.40) against S191 attenuated strain was similar to that of wild strain (27.86) among these measles patients with non-history of measles vaccination. The antibody negative rate against wild strain was 19.15% to these sera from patients with the history of measles vaccination and antibody potency against S191 strain was less than 16.

CONCLUSIONThe appearance of higher measles incidence under the higher coverage of measles vaccine indicated that measles epidemic strain might degenerate as the result regarding the failure of the present measles vaccine in protecting the transmission of H1 wild strain.

Age Distribution ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Base Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Incidence ; Measles ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Measles Vaccine ; administration & dosage ; Measles virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutralization Tests

In the treatment of hypertensive crisis, the novel Rho kinase inhibitor DL0805-2 can rapidly lower systematic blood pressure, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and has a significant protective effect on lung injury. This experiment intends to evaluate the efficacy of DL0805-2 against pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and preliminarily reveals its underlying mechanism. Animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the provision of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into DL0805-2 low, medium, and high dose groups (1, 3, and 10 mg·kg^-1), bosentan positive control group, model group, and blank control group. The drug was administered daily on the 7th day after model establishment by monocrotaline injection. On the 25th day of the experiment, relevant indicators were examined to observe the therapeutic effect of DL0805-2 on pulmonary hypertension. DL0805-2 significantly relieved the abnormal changes in the physiological parameters related to PAH induced by monocrotaline, including reducing right ventricular systolic pressure, alleviating cardiac damage caused by pressure overload, and reducing the levels of endothelin-1 and inflammatory factors in lung tissues. DL0805-2 also attenuated pulmonary arteries remodeling. It was preliminarily discovered that DL0805-2 exerts preventive and therapeutic effect on PAH through Rho-kinase pathway. Our results suggested that DL0805-2 had good therapeutic effects on monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model. It intervened early in the disease process, effectively prevented the development of the disease, and reduced the mortality of the diseased animals. The mechanism is related to Rho-kinase pathway.

Objective To establish an automatic synthesis method for 11C-carfentanil (CFN) as an novel opiate receptor radioligand and study its biodistribution in rats. Methods 11C-Triflate-CH3 was bubbled into 0.5 mg precursor desmethyl-CFN (which was dissolved in 0.15 ml DMSO) to generate 11C-CFN in a V-tube at room temperature. Sep-Pak C2 column was used for purification of 11C-CFN, which was eluted by 3ml binary system aqueous solution, 10 ml water thrice, and then I ml ethanol. The biodistribution (% ID/g) of 11C-CFN in SD rats was studied. SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Non-normal distribution data were analyzed using nonparametric test. Results The synthesis time for 11C-CFN was 20 min (end of bombardment, EOB). The synthesis yield was (35.5 ± 2.2) % on average (n = 12, uncorrected)with the radiochemical purity over 98%. Biodistribution study in rats showed that the tracer had a high brain uptake, rapid blood clearance, and a metabolic pathway via liver and kidney. The highest tracer uptake was in thalamus (4.26 ± 0.89) % ID/g and striatum (4.05 ± 1.08) % ID/g at 5 min after injection, followed by cerebral cortex (2.63±0.89) %ID/g, pons (2.26 ±0.57) % ID/g, hippocampus (2. 17 ±0.55) %ID/g and cerebellum (2. 15 ±0.39) %ID/g. Conclusions The automatic synthesis of 11C-CFN is fast and reliable, and this radioligand can be used for opiate receptor imaging.