Objective To investigate the distribution and duration of abnormal blood glucose level in SGA infants. Methods Blood glucose level was systemicly monitored in 37 SGA infants for (133?115) h(range 16～524 h, median 93 h), who were non NICU hospitalized and no feeding or IV infusion when admitted at (2 6?2 4) h (range 0.25~10.0 h, median 2.0 h) of age. Results During monitoring period, there was hypoglycemia in 19 cases (51%),hyperglycemia in 2 cases (5%), and both hypo and hyperglycemia in 3 cases (8%). The median of last time abnormal glucose level appeared was 10 hr after birth, its 95% confidence interval was 5~55hr after birth. Multiple regression analysis shown delivery models bad relationship with glucose level at admition (p= 0.013). The blood glucose level was higher in vaginal delivery babies. The lower the birth weight (BW)was, the longer the duration of abnormal glucose level lasted ( O

Objective To explore effects of monitored anesthesia care (MAC) on gastrointestinal endoscopy.Methods All patients who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy in Peking University People's Hospital from September 2010 to September 2015 were analyzed retrospectively and divided into two groups:the MAC group and control group by usage of MAC.Success rates of removal of foreign bodies by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were compared between two groups during this period.Detection rates of ectopia of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus were compared between two groups from September 2014 to September 2015 when esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed.The monthly cases of gastrointestinal endoscopies were compared between the two groups,which were separately collected from one MAC operating table and one routine operating table from September 2014 to September 2015.Results The success rate of removal of foreign bodies in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group (100.0％ VS 89.7％,x2 =11.737,P=0.001).The detection rate of ectopia of gastric mucosa in upper esophagus in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group(4.3％ VS 1.7％,x2 =58.751,P＜0.001).The monthly cases of gastrointestinal endoscopies in the MAC group was higher than that in the control group(350.2±36.2 cases VS 213.2±27.9 cases,t =17.591,P＜0.001).Conclusion The use of MAC for gastrointestinal endoscopy improves operating success rate,accuracy and operating time.MAC in gastrointestinal endoscopy can be recommended.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) and septal myectomy (SM) for treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.Methods We searched all clinical controlled trials of PTSMA and SM in treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,Wanfang Database and CNKI update to August,2012.The selected studies in Chinese and English were used for Meta-analysis with software RevMan 5.0.Results Five studies including 286 cases (PTSMA:149,SM:137) were included in the study.Left ventricular outflow tract pressure was significantly reduced by SM treatment compared with PTSMA (OR =9.07,95％ CI:0.96-17.18,P =0.030).There were no significant differences in interventricular septum thickness (OR =1.15,95％ CI:-0.79-3.10,P =0.240),left atrial diameter (OR =1.95,95％ CI:-0.16-4.07,P =0.070),left ventricular end-diastolic (OR =0.70,95％ CI:-0.79-2.19,P =0.360),end systolic diameter (OR =1.14,95 ％ CI:-1.65-3.93,P =0.420),degree of symptom improvement (chest pain:OR =1.07,95 ％ CI:0.35-3.23,P =0.910;syncope:OR =0.32,95％ CI:0.08-1.23,P =0.100),and postoperative mortality (OR =1.63,95％CI:0.46-5.76,P =0.450) between PTSMA and SM treatment; but the rates of pacemaker implantation (OR =5.91,95％ CI:2.04-17.11,P =0.001) and reintervention treatment (OR =6.62,95％CI:1.20-36.62,P=0.030) in patients with PTMSA were significantly higher than those with SM.Conclusions There is no evidence to indicate that PTSMA can completely replace SM,as an alternative choice the therapy can be used according to left ventricular out flow tract pressure,symptoms,anatomy of target vessel and other conditions.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) on acute respiratory failure (ARF) in elderly patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods 321 CAP patients with ARF aged over 65 years [(75.6±12.2) years old in averag] were randomly treated with NPPV (n=162) and the standard oxygen therapy (n=159).Intubation rate,ARF control rate and total mortality were compared between the two groups,and the risk factors were analyzed.Results 90％ of 321 patients presented with hypoxemic respiratory failure.Compared with standard therapy group,the intubation rate was lower in NPPV group (46.9％ vs.64.2％,x2=9.652,P＜0.01).However,there were no differences in ARF control rate(77.9％ vs.72.3％,x2 =1.274,P＞0.05),overall 30-day mortality and 90-day survival between the two groups.The overall mortality in NPPV group was higher in treatment failure cases than in treatment success cases (48.7％ vs.11.6％,x2=26.900,P＜0.01).The independent risk factors for death were treatment failure in NPPV,higher simplified acute physiology score assessment,old age and mutilobar infiltrate.Conclusions NPPV can decrease the intubation rate in CAP patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure,but the overall efficacy is not significant.Delayed intubation should be avoided when NPPV is to be applicated.

Objective To evaluate the effect of theta burst stimulation( TBS) paradigm of repetitive tran?scranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS ) on the treatment of schizophrenia through assessing executive function. Methods 60 patients met with DSM?4 and ICD?10 for schizophrenia disorders criteria were enrolled in this study. The group was divided into theta burst stimulation group(research group, n=30) and sham intervention group ( control group, n=30) . The research group and control group were assessed with the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) and the go/no?go task by event?related potential(ERPs) before and after 4 weeks treatment. Each test results of all groups before and after treatment were compared with each other respectively. Results Regarding the WCST test,compared with the baseline,the post?rTMS state of the TBS group showed a decrease in the error selec?tion percentage((59.8±14.7)%),the preservative error number(55.3±18.0) and the preservative error percentage (71.3±12.6)%,but the percentage of conceptual level(71.3±12.6)% increased in the TBS group(P<0.05). Re?garding the go/no?go task by ERPs,compared with the baseline,the post?rTMS statet of the TBS group showed an increase in the no?go P3 amplitude(P<0.05 or 0.01) . After intervention,the score of WCST test and the no?go P3 amplitude were significant differences in TBS group compared with same rTMS group(P>0.05).Conclusions The?ta burst stimulation paradigm of rTMS can improve the executive function in schizophrenic patients.

Objective To study the expressions of estrogen receptor(ER)and progesterone receptor(PR)in elderly patients with breast cancer,and the correlation between their expressions and clinicopathological characteristics.Methods The expressions of ER and PR in 110 elderly patients with breast cancer(over 60 years old)from 1995 to 2004 were detected,and their clinical and pathological features were analyzed retrospectively.Another 110 patients aging 30 to 59 years with breast cancer served as control.Results Breast cancer in aged and non-elderly group had similar pathohistological types,but the aged had more tumors with low-grade malignant types.ER and PR were found to be over-expressed in elderly patients but not in the control.No obvious correlation was seen with clinical pathological stages.The expression levels of ER and PR in 0-3 positive nodes group was higher than ≥4 positive nodes group.Conclusion Elderly patients and non-elderly patients have similar pathohistological types of breast cancer.The former have higher expressions of ER and PR,and their expressions are associated with axillary lymph node status.

The introduction of MOOC to medical education in China can greatly promote the development of modern medical education.Using the content analysis method,the paper systemizes the research literatures on MOOC published in 2013-2015 in China.According to the analysis,currently,the research on MOOC in China is still in the initial stage.Therefore,it proposes the focus of domestic research on MOOC and the research development direction in medical education in the future.

Objective To investigate the interrelation between nuclear DNA content and the expressions of cyclin D1 and P53 in carcinogenesis of breast carcinoma induced by 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracence(DMBA) in rats. Methods Animal model of breast carcinoma was replicated by gastric perfusion of DMBA at 20 mg/100 g. Nuclear DNA content was detected with image analysis instrument and the expressions of cyclin D1 and P53 at every stage of carcinogenesis of breast carcinoma induced by DMBA in rats observed by Sp immunohistochemical staining. Results In mammary gland tissue at grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ atypical hyperplasia of breast carcinoma, there was overepression of cyclin D1(3/20, 6/20 and 11/20, respectively). The overexpression of cyclin D1 was detected to be present in grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ breast carcinoma (7/9, 1/4 and 0/7, respectively). The overexpression of P53 was detected to be present in grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ breast carcinoma (1/9, 1/4 and 6/7, respectively). Conclusion Nuclear DNA content reflects the state of cell proliferation. Cyclin D1 overexpression participates in the carcinogenesis of breast carcinoma, which may be the early event in breast carcinoma. P53 expression is associated with the development of breast carcinoma, which may be the late event in breast carcinoma. The expression of cyclin D1 is negatively correlated with P53 overexpression.

Teaching and research section of orthodontics of the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University took the lead in carrying out ‘ three early education' Students of stomatology in Chongqing Medical University established ‘ social practice volunteer team' and conducted ‘ three early education' in orthodontic clinic during winter,summer holiday and weekend.This let students of low grades contact with society,clinical practice and scientific research at early stage thus to comprehensively improve their overall quality.Questionnaire for student volunteers of the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University showed that ‘ three early education' can effectively improve medical students' comprehensive quality.In the early stages of learning for students of stomatology,we cultivated students' occupation spirit,innovation consciousness,scientific literacy,clinical thinking and teamwork ability by strengthening training of students' social practice ability,communication ability,organization and coordination ability,professional interests,professional senses of belonging,team spirit and moral emotion.We achieved certain results and our experiences are worth extending.

The medical law science interdisciplinary talents play an crucial role in solving medical service dispute and alleviating contradictory. Based on the questionnaire survey and the interview to the court and law offices as well as the analysis of the society's demand for the knowledge structure and ability of medicine law professionals, we proposed the construction of the training mode for medicine law professionals with the ability to adapt to the social demand.