Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Carotid Arteries ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; blood supply ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of Hadeco ES-1000spm hand-held doppler during the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap harvest.

METHODSTwenty-five patients (26 sides) with ALT flaps for head and neck reconstruction between May 2005 and May 2010 received preoperative Doppler examination for the location of the cutaneous perforators of ALT flaps. The Doppler signals and body mass index (BMI) were recorded preoperatively according to ABC system. The locations of Doppler signals and of the actual cutaneous perforators at surgery were plotted and compared. The diameter of perforators was measured.

RESULTSOne to three cutaneous perforators of the ALT flap were consistently found at specific locations. They were named perforators A, B, C from proximal to distal. Perforators A, B and C were present in 15 (58%), 24 (92%) and 20 (77%) cases and the diameter (> 0.5 mm) of A, B and C were 11/15, 22 (92%) and 8 (40%) respectively. The Doppler signal was within 0.5 cm of the actual perforator location in 85% flaps. The accuracy of Doppler decreased with increase of BMI.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative assessment by hand-held Doppler is useful in predicting the perforator vessels' locations and diameter although it's accuracy is limited.

Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perforator Flap ; Preoperative Care ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Thigh ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. The interplay between genetic and environmental factors has become the subject of intensified research in the last several years. Vitamin D deficiency has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD. Vitamin D has a unique role in brain homeostasis, embryogenesis and neurodevelopment, immunological modulation (including the brain's immune system), antioxidation, antiapoptosis, neural differentiation and gene regulation. Children with ASD had significantly lower serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D than healthy children.Therefore vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and early childhood may be an environmental trigger for ASD.
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive ; etiology ; genetics ; Embryonic Development ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Vitamin D ; physiology ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; complications

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of transumbilical double-hole laparoscopic operation for incarcerated inguinal hernia in the infants.

METHODSForty-eight cases with incarcerated inguinal hernia (male 39, female 9) aging from 4 months to 3 years (mean 1.2 +/- 0.8 years) received the laparoscopic transumbilical double-hole operation (LTO group) during April.2003 to April.2004. Thirty cases were left side incarcerated inguinal hernia, 12 cases were right side and 6 cases were bilateral. Fifty infants of incarcerated inguinal hernias treated with traditional operation served as controls (TO group). The mean operation time, length of stay, return of bowel function and postoperative complication were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAll cases of both groups recovered without any complication. The operation time, average hospitalization and return of bowel function in LTO were (30 +/- 5) min, (7.8 +/- 0.3) h and (4.4 +/- 0.3) d, respectively, and in TO were (43 +/- 6) min, (23.3 +/- 2.4) h and (6.7 +/- 0.4) d, respectively. There was a significant difference in the two groups (P < 0.05). The patients in both groups were followed up for 3 months to one year. LTO group had no recurrence or atrophy of testis and TO group had one relapse of hernia.

CONCLUSIONSTransumbilical double-hole laparoscopic operation is safe and microinvasive. It is a useful microinvasive procedure in the treatment of incarcerated inguinal hernia for infant.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hernia, Inguinal ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of varicella outbreak in Jiading District in Shanghai from 2015 to 2018. Methods Varicella epidemic report data was collected from the national system of disease control and prevention and analyzed by spatial-temporal scanning statistic methods. Results There were 5 889 varicella cases reported from the year 2015 to 2018, and the annual average incidence rate was 91.68 per 100 000.The incidence rate for children below 3 years old was found to be the highest, reaching 621.45 per 100 000, which was significantly higher than that for the group of 18 years old and above (χ²=16 616.788, P < 0.001).There were 5.41% and 5.31% of the cases in September and February, respectively, which were lower than other months, and the peak incidence occurred in December and November, accounting for 13.41% and 11.95%, respectively.The highest and lowest incidence rates were 151.80 per 100 000 occurring in central urban area and 59.89 per 100 000 in rural area, respectively.The spatial-temporal scanning showed that the low population density area had a wide cluster range and a low effect value.The high population density area has small cluster range and high effect value. Conclusion The incidence of vanicella presents a trend of population, seasonal and regional clustering.Therefore, targeted measure should be taken to prevent varicella in focus population.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) can be involved in the processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and hematopoiesis, and its dysregulation is closely associated with the development and progression of malignant tumors including leukemia and may affect the treatment outcome and prognosis of pediatric patients. Identification of STAT5 can facilitate targeted therapy to improve the response rate of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This article reviews the impact of STAT5 on the development/progression, targeted therapy strategies and the prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Child ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; STAT5 Transcription Factor ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo construct a prokaryotic expression vector for apoptin and prepare polyclonal antibody of apoptin.

METHODSApoptin gene amplified from pGEM-T/Apoptin plasmid by PCR was cloned into pET-28a (+). E.coli BL21 (DE3) was transformed by the recombinant plasmid, and apoptin protein expression induced by IPTG was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. BALB/c mice were immunized with the protein and the titer of the antibody was determined using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSApoptin gene was successfully cloned into pET-28a (+), and the expression of a protein with relative molecular mass of about 17 000 was identified by SDA-PAGE. After 5 immunizations of the mice with the protein, the blood antibody titer reached 1:5x10(5).

CONCLUSIONThe prokaryotic expression vector for apoptin is successfully constructed and the polyclonal antibody of apoptin is obtained, which allows further functional study of apoptin.

Animals ; Antibodies ; blood ; genetics ; immunology ; Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Genome ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Plasmids

Objective:To construct the recombinant DNA E.coli ghosts (EBGs) expressing Treponema pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and determine its immunocompetence in immunized mice,and provide a potential novel method for syphilis vaccine developing.Methods:The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/Tp0751 was constructed and loaded into empty EBGs to create pcD/Tp0751-BG.The loading rate was determined accordingly.Macrophages cell line RAW264.7 was transfected with pcD/Tp0751-BG,and the expression of recombinant Tp0751(rTp0751) protein was detected by Western blot(WB).For immuno-competence in mice,the female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups,including three control groups,A (PBS),B (EBG),C (empty pcDNA),and experimental group D(naked pcD/Tp0751),E (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and F (pcD/Tp0751-BG+rTp0751).All the mice were immunized as indicated for three times by intramuscular injection at two weeks intervals.The levels of specific IgG in sera and SIgA in genital tract lavage fluid were measured by ELISA.Levels of lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ secretion in spleen cells were measured by CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit and ELISA as well,respectively.Results:The loading rate of pcD/Tp0751 to EBGs was 76.1%.WB showed that the target recombinant protein pcD/Tp0751 expressed in RAW264.7 cells was active with Tp-infected rabbit sera.The titers of specific IgG and SIgA in group D,E,F gradually increased to significantly higher level as compared to the control groups (P<0. 01),which reached its peak at wk 8 after last immunization(the titers of IgG and SIgA were 1 :102 400 and 1 :12 800 in group F,respectively). Higher levels of specific IgG and SIgA were observed in groups E and F as compared to group D after first boost (P<0. 01),with groups F higher than group E after last boost(P<0. 01). At wk 8 after the last boost,the stimulation index (SI) and levels of IFN-γ in group D,E,F were all significant higher than the control groups (P<0. 01), with group E and F higher than group D (P<0. 01),and group E higher than group F (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The recombinant DNA EBGs of T. pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/ Tp0751-BG) possesses the immunocompetence to induce not only strong mucosal and systemic humoral immune response but also systemic cellular immune response in BALB/ c mice. The heterologous boost can be more efficient than homologous boost during immunization process.

Objective:To explore the value of echocardiography for diagnosing infectious endocarditis (IE).Methods:A total of 487 patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) infection treated in our hospital from 2013-01 to 2015-06 were enrolled.Based on symptoms,blood culture and echocardiography,9 patients with suspected IE were further examined by 18F-FDG PET-CT to confirm their diagnosis and classification.Definitive therapy was conducted and the patients were followed-up for 1 year to confirm the diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography on CIED induced IE.Results:3 patients were preliminarily diagnosed for bacteremia since no vegetation was found by echocardiography,while IE was finally diagnosed by PET-CT.2 patients were preliminarily diagnosed for IE by echocardiography presented valvular vegetation,while PET-CT showed no evidence of vegetation;then one of them was diagnosed as bacteremia by positive blood culture and another was diagnosed as non-infection.4 patients were preliminarily diagnosed for IE by echocardiography indicated existing vegetation after CIED lead extraction,while PET-CT demonstrated no infection sign in heart chamber and the finally diagnosed was as "non-infectious fibrous residual tissue".According to final diagnosis,definitive therapies were performed to specific patients with at least 1 year follow-up study,no one had new and recurrent infection.Conclusion:Echocardiography had deficiency for diagnosing vegetation in heart chamber especially in suspicious IE patients after CIED lead extraction.It is necessary to make accurate diagnosis with other method for guiding appropriate therapy.

Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Collagen Type I ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/metabolism*