Articular cartilage defects are commonly found in clinics. It is always a great challenge for the repair of cartilage defects due to the limited self-regeneration after injury. Tissue engineering,a newly emerging biotechnique to regenerate cartilage with chondrogenic potential cells and biodegradable scaffolds in vivo and in vitro,provides a promising method to solve the challenge in cartilage defects repair. To regenerate cartilage with favourable structure and function,it is essential to gain a deep insight into the biochemical structure,biomechanical property and their relationship of articular cartilage. This article gives an introduction to the biochemical structure,biomechanical property and their relationship of both native and tissue-engineered cartilage.

Objective To investigate the change of cardiac function in elderly hypertensive patients with heart valve degenerative by echocardiography.Methods A total of 126 cases were divided into a valve disease group and non-valve disease group groups.The parameters of trial size,cardiac function and pulmonary artery pressure were detected.Results Of all 126 cases were the patients with hypertension including 28.6% (36/126) of valve disease group and 71.4% (90/126) of non-valve disease.There were 31 cases with mitral valve disease,22 cases with tricuspid valve disease; 26 cases with aortic valve disease; 36 cases with double or three alvular lesions in valve disease group.There was a significant difference in ventricle size and systolic function among valve disease group and non-valve disease group and control group.But there was no significant difference in thickness of ventricular wall between valve disease group and non-valve disease group.Conclusion The elderly hypertensive patient with valve disease was an independent factor for the development of congestive heart failure.

Objective: To investigate the immune response induced by Cysticercus cellulosae protective antigen cC1 DNA vaccine in mice and the protective immunity induced by immunized newborn pigs. Methods: Recombined plasmid p3 cC1 was constructed by inserting full length cC1 cDNA into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3. Mice were injected intramuscularly with the recombined construct. Anti cC1 antibody and IgG 2a in serum were screened by ELISA. Then the protective immunization in pigs was done. Results: The immune response of specific antibody was induced during the 3r week. The highest level was during the 8th week. IgG 2a response was detected during the 2nd week. The higher duration of IgG 2a response induced by DNA vaccine was longlived. The protective rate induced in immunized newborn pigs was 73%. Conclusion: The cC1 DNA vaccine can effectively induce protective immunity in newborn pigs.

Objective To investigate the patterns of frequency domain indexes of surface electronic signals of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients' paraspinal muscles by using surface electromyographic (sEMG) techniques .Methods 25 AIS patients enrolled, 7 males, 18 females, ages range from 11 to 21 years old. All of the enrolled patients undertook the Biering Sorensen test(BST) and the object-lifting test, a Finland made type ME3000P sEMG instrument was applied to record the electronic activities of paraspinal muscles(convex /concave) of all subjects, and the frequency domain indexes: median frequency(MF）,mean power frequency(MPF）, zero crossing rate(ZCR）were analyzed.Results The wave amplitudes and scales of paraspinal muscles electronic frequency domain indexes(MF, MPF, ZCR) were lower than the other tested positions when recorded at the zone of apex vertebrae, and MFslope, MPFslope and ZCRslope all showed a linear degressive tendency as the exercise time was extended.Conclusion Paraspinal muscles at the zone of apex vertebrae have low fatigue durabilities and more likely to be exhausted. sEMG ought to be one of the objective examinations used to evaluate the differences of electronic activities of paraspinal muscles(convex /concave) of AIS patients, and may have a promising value in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the precise locations of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding the seminal vesicles (SV) in men and provide some anatomical evidence for SV-related minimally invasive surgery.

METHODSWe observed the courses and distribution of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding SVs and obtained the data for positioning the SV neuroplexes in 20 male pelvises.

RESULTSOne branch of the neuroplexes was distributed to the SVs bilaterally with the neurovascular bundles, (2.85 ± 0.18) cm from the median sulcus of the prostate (MSP), while another branch ran through the Denonvillier fascia behind the SV, (0.81 ± 0.06) cm from the MSP. The arterial SVs (ASV) originated from the inferior vesical artery and fell into 4 types, 55% going directly to the SVs as one branch, 15% running between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct as another branch, 25% downward as 2 branches to the SV and between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct respectively, and 5% as the other ASVs. The shortest distance from the ASV through the prostatic neuroplexus to the posterior SV was (1.08 ± 0.09) cm.

CONCLUSIONIn SV resection, neuroplexus injury can be reduced with a bilateral distance of < 2.85 cm and a posterior distance of < 0.81 cm from the MSP, and so can bleeding by vascular ligation between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct.

Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; innervation ; Seminal Vesicles ; blood supply ; innervation ; Vas Deferens ; blood supply ; innervation

This paper summarizes the current literature on the potential therapeutic role of stem cell transplantation for kidney injury and repair and focuses on the choice of types of stem cells, the method of transplantation, and the mechanisms of stem cell homing to injured renal tissues and its protective effects. The application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) shows wide prospects, but the approach and optimal dose of cell transplantation are under intensive investigation. Signals that regulate stem cell homing to injured renal tissues may be related to chemokines or factors released in the target site. Several studies have pointed out that paracrine and endocrine of stem cells are the most likely mechanism of action in the injured nephron. Many questions remain unanswered but stem cell-based therapy is a promising new strategy for acute and chronic kidney diseases.
Animals ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; therapy ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of antigliomatin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rat C6 brain glioma cells.Methods The rat brain glioma cells was cultivated with the stationary culture technique.The different rat C6 brain glioma cells groups were treated with 2,4,8,and 16 ng?L-1 antigliomatin for 72 h in vitro and then the inhibitory effect of antiglioma on the expression of VEGF was observed with immunohistochemical method.Results The cytoplasm and(or) nucleus of most VEGF positive cells were stained to yellow brown.VEGF expressed significantly in cytoplasm of the rat C6 glioma cells in control group.The density of the VEGF positive cells was decreased in glioma compared with control group after treated with antigliomatin for 72 h(P

Objective　To explore the expression of Fas ligan d (FasL) protein in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinic al significance. Methods　Expression of FasL protein was detecte d by immunohistochemical method in 32 resected tumors of NSCLC. Results 　FasL protein was detected in all of these 32 resected tumors with variant pos itive expression levels ranging from 3.0% to 98.7% ［mean (62.0±32.0)%］. T here wa s significant difference between the tumors of different pathological types no s ignificant difference was found between the tumors of different differentiation nor among the tumors of different pTNM stages (P>0.05). Conclusion　 The results indicated that NSCLC can counterattack the immune cells of t he body and may be the molecular basis for the easily metastasis of adenocarcino ma to in the early stage.

Objective To study the clinicopathologieal features and expression of cyclin D1 and p53 in epithelial ovarian tumors,and to investigate the correlation between pathogenesis of ovarian cancer and epithelial borderline tumors.Methods Fifty four cases of ovarian borderline tumors and 45 cases of ovarian carcinomas from the People's Hospital,Peking University were reviewed retrospectively.The clinical data and pathological findings were analyzed.Immunohistochemical study of cyclin D1 and p53 was performed in all 99 cases.Results(1)In borderline tumors,the age of patients ranged from 14-82 (mean age=42.5)years.International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stage of borderline tumors was stage Ⅰ in 48 cases,stage Ⅱ in 3 cases,and stage Ⅲ in 3 cases.In ovarian carcinomas,the age of patients ranged from 26-80(mean age=53.5)years.FIGO stage of carcinoma was stage Ⅰ in 6 cases, stage Ⅱ in 8 cases,stage Ⅲ in 26 cases,and stage Ⅳ in 5 cases.In follow-up of 54 cases with borderline tumors the 5-year survival rate was 98% and of 45 cases with carcinomas a 5-year survival rate of 51% was noted.(2)In 54 cases of borderline tumors,mucinous types accounted for 56%(30/54)and serous types accounted for 30%(16/54).There were 5 cases with micropapillary pattern,3 cases with peritoneal implants,3 cases with lymph node involvement,6 cases with microinvasion,one case with intraepithelial carcinoma,and one case with mural nodules.In 45 cases of carcinomas,serous carcinoma was the most (49%,22/45).The remainder included 3 cases of mucinous types,8 cases of endometrioid types,6 cases of transitional cell types,3 cases of mixed phenotype and 3 cases of undifferentiated types.(3) Overexpression of cyclin D1 and p53 was observed in 31%(14/45)and 56%(25/45)of ovarian carcinomas, respectively.There was a significant association between p53 overexpression and tumor grade.In the borderline tumor group,69%(37/54)had overexpression of cyelin D1 and 6%(3/54)had overexpression of p53.There were significant differences in expression of cyclin D1 and p53 between conventional serous borderline tumors and high-grade serous carcinomas(cyclin D1:91% vs 26%;p53:0 vs 58%).However, micropapillary serous borderline tumors and low-grade serous carcinomas showed remarkably similar expression of cyelin D1 and p53.Conclusions Epithelial ovarian borderline tumors are distinct from ovarian cancer in clinical progress and prognosis,and histological types.Overexpression of cyclin D1 is common in ovarian borderline tumors and low grade carcinomas.And overexpression of p53 is more common in high grade ovarian carcinomas.Conventional serous borderline tumors are distinct from high-grade serous carcinomas in pathogenesis.Micropapillary serous borderline ovarian tumors may be closely related to low grade serous carcinomas.

Objective To examine the expressions of FHIT gene and HER_2 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and the relationship between the expressions and the clinicopathological features of NSCLC, and to investigate the relationship between FHIT protein and HER_2 expression. Methods FHIT protein and HER_2 expressions in 50 lung cancer cases and 21 adjacent non-cancer tissues were performed by immunohistochemistry. And the positive rates of FHIT and HER_2 were measured. Results The positive rates of FHIT protein were 30.00% in lung cancer tissues. The expression levels of FHIT were significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than that in non-cancer lung tissues (P