Objective To observe the influence of environment stimulation on learning and memory ability and hippocampal pathology of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).Methods The models of HIBD SD rats were established by the method of Rice, and were divided randomly into three groups: enriched environment stimulation group (EE), impoverished environment stimulation group (IE), and standard environment stimulation group (SE). The sham-operation rats were served as control group. Different environment stimulation was administrated to the rats since day 1 after HIBD.On the day 28,Morris water maze was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability. HE staining and nissl stain were employed to observe the pathological change and the number of neurons in hippocampus of rats.Results The learning and memory ability of EE group was significantly higher than that of SE group (P0.05), and the ability of SE group was higher than that of IE group ( P0.05). The number of SE group was lower than that of Sham group (P

Aim To investigate the effects of dioscin ( Dio) on rat myocardial contractility. Methods Left ventricular contractile function was measured using the Langendorff non-recirculating mode of isolated rat heart perfusion. Effects of low, middle and high concentra-tion of Dio were investigated by measuring left ventricu-lar systolic pressure ( LVSP ) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure ( LVEDP) . Also, peak rates of rise/fall of left ventricular pressure ( ± dp/dtmax ) of isolated rat heart were calculated. Effects of Dio on intracellu-lar free calcium concentration in rat H9 c2 cells were measured by using the confocal microscopy. Mitochon-drial membrane potential was detected with multifunc-tional microplate reader. Results With 0. 1, 1 μmol · L-1 Dio, LVSP were significantly enhanced from (11. 55 ± 0. 52), (10. 53 ± 0. 28) kPa to (13. 08 ± 0. 72), (12. 53 ±0. 64) kPa(P<0. 01); +dp/dtmax were dramatically increased from ( 0. 38 ± 0. 10 ) , (0. 40 ± 0. 07) kPa·ms-1 to (0. 42 ± 0. 11), (0. 43 ± 0. 02) kPa·ms-1(P<0. 05). With the 10μmol· L-1 Dio, LVSP and + dp/dtmax were both decreased from (12. 13 ± 0. 33) kPa and (0. 42 ± 0. 04) kPa· ms-1 to ( 9. 46 ± 0. 77 ) kPa and ( 0. 24 ± 0. 04 ) kPa ·ms-1 (P <0. 01). With 0. 1, 1, 10 μmol·L-1 Dio, the relative fluorescence intensity of intracellular free calcium concentrations was increased significantly from (16. 62 ± 0. 89) to (21. 48 ± 0. 80), (25. 68 ± 0. 69) and (19. 84 ± 0. 66)(P <0. 01)respectively. 0. 1, 1μmol·L-1 Dio showed no significant effects on the mitochondrial membrane potential of rat H9 c2 cells, while with effects of 10 μmol·L-1 Dio, the ra-tio of JC-1 monomer and J-aggregates was changed from (1. 14 ± 0. 03) to (1. 35 ± 0. 06)(P<0. 01), indica-ting a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane poten-tial. Conclusion Low and middle concentrations of Dio show a positive inotropic effect on isolated rat heart, as the LVSP and + dp/dtmax are enhanced, which may concern with the increase of the intracellu-lar concentration of Ca2+. It will not cause the calcium overload while the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ is increased by low and middle concentration of Dio in the myocytes except high concentration of Dio.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate Beijing college students' concern and preference for maxillary anterior tooth esthetic factors.

METHODSSeveral images about lip and tooth were made through computer. A questionnaire was sent out to students in ten colleges and then collected. There were five factors to be evaluated: relationship of maxillary incisors and lower lip, numbers of tooth exposed, shape of centric incisor, crown width-length ratio, gingival margin. Concern of the beauty of anterior tooth, ie. tooth shape, tooth arrangement, shape of gingiva and so on, were then analyzed.

RESULTSThere were 408 responses collected, and 47.5% (194/408) of them preferred light contact between upper incisors and lower lip; 49.5% (202/408) preferred 8 tooth exposed when smile; 69.1% (282/408) preferred oval crown shape; 52.5% (214/408) preferred 0.85 as a crown width-length ratio; 49.5% (202/408)of responses chose the curve of gingiva runs horizontal. The average score of concern for male was 52.6% (100/190), for female was 59.6% (130/218).

CONCLUSIONSMost results from this study accord with the classical principles of tooth esthetics. Sex affects the concern and preferences of maxillary anterior tooth esthetics factors.

Adult ; China ; Esthetics, Dental ; Female ; Gingiva ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Incisor ; anatomy & histology ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Male ; Maxilla ; anatomy & histology ; Odontometry ; methods ; Patient Preference ; Sex Factors ; Smiling ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tooth Crown ; anatomy & histology ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the ameliorative effects of standardized tertiary rehabilitation(STR)on the quality of life(QOL)of stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods Eighty-two stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups:a rehabilitation group(R group)and a control group.All patients were given routine inter- nal medicine treatment,but STR was also administered to the R group.The QOL of all of the patients was assessed with the brief scale of quality of life(QOL-BREF)at the beginning,and at the end of the Ist month,3rd month and 6th month after stroke.Results There were two deaths in the control group,but no deaths in the R group.At ever- y stage,the R group returned better scores for physiological health,psychological state,social and environment rela- tionships,the subjective QOL and health items,and in comprehensive self-evaluation.QOL scores,except for social relationships,were consistently,significantly higher in the R group.The R group's QOL scores improved obviously in the first 3 months after stroke,and then more slowly in the next 3 months.Conclusions STR markedly improved the QOL of stroke patients.Their QOL scores improved obviously soon after stroke,but slowly later on.

Objective To examine the reliability,validity and sensitivity of FCA for stroke patients. Methods A total of 82 patients with stroke were divided into a treatment group and a control group randomly.The patients in the control group were given routine internal medicine treatment,while those in the treatment group were given standardized rehabilitation therapy in addition to the routine internal medicine treatment.All patients were as- sessed with FCA and Modified Barthel Index(MBI),at admission and the end of the 1st month,3rd and 6th month,respectively after the onset of stroke.The internal consistency,split-half reliability,content validity,crite- ria validity and sensitivity of FCA were tested.Repeat measure ANOVA and correlation analysis were used in the statistical analysis.Results There existed a good internal consistency(Cronbach?=0.901～0.973)as well as a good split-half reliability(R=0.949～0.981)of FCA.There was a medium to strong correlation among the 18 items scores of the FCA and FCA scores(P

Seven compounds were isolated from fermentation extract of cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 by silica gel, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR methods as 2,3-dehydroindigotide G (1), (-)-regiolone (2), naphtho-γ-pyrone (3), indigotide G (4), indigotide B (5) destruxin A (6) and destruxin B (7). Compound 1 is a new glycoside naphthopyranone compound. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of these compounds was evaluated. The EC₅₀ and CC₅₀ of compound 3 against HBV were 4.5 μmol·L^-1 and 92.3 μmol·L^-1, respectively. This is the first report of the antiviral activity of compound 3.

In order to develop potent antidiabetic agents that have inhibitory effect to a-glucosidase, twelve β-acetamido ketone derivatives such as N-{[(substituted-4-oxo-thiochroman-3-yl)phenyl]-methyl}acetamide are designed and synthesized through one-pot Dakin-West reaction. Their chemical structures are confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and HR-MS. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assays of compounds 4a-41 were carried out using glucose oxidase method. The result indicated that most of them possess inhibitory activity in vitro. Compound 4k showed the most potent inhibitory activity with 87.3% inhibition of α-glucosidase at the concentration of 5.39 mmol x L(-1). The structure-activity relationship of these β-acetamido ketone derivatives was discussed preliminarily. Moreover, the molecular docking method was used to study the interaction mode of compound 4k and α-glucosidase. Our results will be helpful for designing of α-glucosidase inhibitors in the future.
Acetamides ; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; alpha-Glucosidases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish the quality standard of extracts from Rhizoma Zingiberis by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction.

METHODThe extracts were identified by TLC. The total phenols and the 6-gingerol were determined by dual-wavelength UV spectrophotometry and HPLC separately.

RESULTThe recovery of total phenols was 97.7% (RSD 2.0%). The linear range of 6-gingerol is 0.20-2.0 microg, the average recovery was 97.7% (RSD 2.0%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is convenient for a good resolution and can be used for the quality control of extracts from Rhizoma Zingiberis.

Catechols ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Alcohols ; analysis ; Ginger ; chemistry ; Phenols ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding after cardiac surgery.

METHODSIn the last 13 years, cases complicated with GI bleeding after cardiac surgeries were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSFourty-four GI bleeding occurred post-operatively in (6 +/- 3) d. The mortality was 23% (10/44). Thirty-eight were located in upper GI tract, of them 26 underwent conservative therapy while 4 died of other than GI bleeding cause; six underwent laparotomy while 1 and 3 died of septicemia and multi-organ failure respectively; six underwent gastric endoscopic hemostasis by electrocautery or clipping the bleeding vessel while all survived. Six were located in lower GI tract, and 2 of them underwent laparotomy without finding bleeding section and died of multi-organ failure. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, deaths were highly related to the post-operative ventilator-dependence, acute renal insufficiency, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) assisting and laparotomy.

CONCLUSIONThe mortality of GI bleeding after cardiac surgeries is very high, early gastrointestinal endoscopic examination and minimally invasive intervention can treat this complication more effectively. GI bleeding must be prevented whenever complicating post-operative ventilator-dependence, acute renal insufficiency, and IABP assisting after cardiac surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience with surgical treatment of constrictive pericarditis.

METHODSA retrospective analysis of the post-operative clinical data was conducted in 128 surgical patients with chronic constrictive pericarditis.

RESULTSTwo early postoperative death occurred in this group due to severe low cardiac output syndrome, with the mortality rate of 1.57%. The postoperative complications included low cardiac output syndrome (13.2%), arrhythmia (7.02%), acute renal insufficiency (3.9%), respiratory insufficiency (3.1%), wound infection (2.3%), postoperative chest bleeding (1.6%) and cerebral infarction (0.78%). Relapse occurred in one case because of incomplete pericardial resection.

CONCLUSIONSConstrictive pericarditis should be confirmed as soon as possible with actively surgery, and the extent of pericardial resection should be decided according to the individual conditions. Complete untethering of the diseased pericardium should be performed with active prevention of postoperative complications.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericarditis, Constrictive ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult