The extraction method and structure of exo-polysoccharide from schizophyllum commune by submerged cultivation were studied. Proteins were removed com p letely from the polysoccharide by the sevag method following the isoelectric poi nt precipitation method. The purified schizophyllan was proved to be homogeneou s with molecular weight 4?10 4D by sephadex G-200 column chromatography, PAGE and HPLC. Its monomer was determined by hydrolysis, PC, GC and its structure wa s analyzed by IR, enzymolysis, periodate oxidation, the results showed that schi zophyllan was only composed of glucose and it was the ?-glucan consisting of ?-(1-3) and ?-(1-6) glucosidic linkages.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; blood ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; blood ; metabolism

Objective:To analysis the correlation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,OPN and MMP-13 in rabbit model with different degree of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods:Forty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each,then we constructed the rabbit model with different degree of osteoarthritis (OA) by different concentrations of papain.The mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin,OPN,MMP-13,type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan were detected by Real-Time PCR and ELISA,respectively.Results:We have successfully established OA rabbit model by different concentrations of papain,and these OA rabbits model could be divided into mild,moderate and severe three level by Mankin scoring system,chondrocytes.Compared with the normal control group,the protein levels of β-catenin,OPN,and MMP-13 in the osteoarthritis were significantly increased,while the protein levels of type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).With the increasing severity of OA,the results were consistent (P＜0.05).Conclusions:These results indicated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway might regulate the expression of OPN,thereby affecting the expression of MMP-13,and ultimately have an impact on the occurrence ofosteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVETo observe the protection effect of Ligustrazine Hydrochloride (LH) on coagulation reaction and inflammation reaction in single valve replacement patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

METHODSTotally 40 patients undergoing single valve replacement were recruited in the study and randomly assigned to the two groups, the treatment group and the control group, 20 in each group. In treatment group LH (3 mg/kg) was intravenously infused from the jugular vein. LH (3 mg/kg) was also added in the CPB priming. In the control group LH was replaced by equal amount of normal saline. Endothelial micro-particles (EMP) count was detected before CPB, 30 min after CPB, 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished. The coagulation reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), clotting formation velocity (alpha angle), maximum amplitude (MA), coagulation index (CI), platelet (PLT), hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), IL-6, and IL-10 were detected before CPB, 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in aorta arresting time, period of CPB, post-operative drainage volume, plasma transfusion volume, post-operative respirator assistant time, and hospitalization time between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with pre-CPB in the same group, the count of EMP was much higher at 30 min after CPB and 1 h after CPB finished (P < 0.01). R and K, hs-CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 increased at 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.01,P < 0.05). The alpha angle,.MA, CI, and PLT decreased 1 h after CPB finished (P <0.01). The a angle increased, while CI and PLT decreased 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.05). Compared with the control group in the same period, the count of EMP was lower in the treatment group 30 min after CPB and 1 h after CPB finished (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). R and K values obviously decreased in treatment group 1 hour after CPB finished (P <0. 05), while a angle, MA, CI, and PLT increased (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). hs-CRP and IL-6 decreased in the treatment group 1 h and 24 h after CPB finished (P <0.05), while IL-10 increased (P <0.05). The count of PLT increased 24 h after CPB finished in the treatment group (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONLH had certain protection effect on the vascular endothelium undergoing CPB, and lower excessive activation of coagulation reaction and inflammation reaction in patients undergoing CPB.

Blood Coagulation ; drug effects ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; drug therapy

Objective To analyse the effect of holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy and simple ureteroscopy treatment for refrac-tory hemospermia. Methods From December 2003 to April 2013,the data of 67 cases with refractory hemospermia were retrospectively ana-lyzed. All the patients underwent semen analysis,transrectal ultrasonography,seminal vesicle ultrasonography,some patients underwent pelvic CT or MRI. Results Simple ureteroscopy were done for 24 cases,holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy were done for 43 cases. Var-ying degrees of ejaculatory duct stenosis or obstruction were observed. Postoperative follow-up was from 6 months to 8 years,in 24 cases of simple ureteroscopy,2 cases experienced recurrence 6 or 8 months later. The ejaculatory duct narrow were found when they received reopera-tion,with holmium laser incision,hemospermia disappeared. No complications such as retrograde ejaculation,urinary incontinence or rectal injury occurred postoperatively. Conclusion The effect of holmium laser incision through ureteroscopy for refractory hemospermia is better than simple ureteroscopy,which is worthy of clinical application needs further observation and summary.

Objective To evaluate the value of human fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) in predicting myocardial ischemia and injury in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery, we observed the dynamic changes of h-FABP in perioperative period of patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and ventricular septal defects repairing surgery, and evaluated the relationship of h-FABP and ischemia modified albumin ( IMA), CK-MB, cTnI. Methods Patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (n =30) and ventrieular septal defect repairing (n = 30) surgery between February 2008 and December 2008 were included in this study. Venous blood sample was obtained at preoperative, aortic clamping, aortic unclamping of 10 rain, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h for the measurements of h-FABP, IMA, cTnI and CKMB. Results h-FABP and IMA changed in the same way at various examined time points, h-FABP changes also paralleled cTnI and CK-MB changes, h-FABP peaked early during myocardial ischemia and injury and returned to baseline level at 2 h post myocardial ischemia and injury. Linear correlation analysis showed that the peak value of h-FABP was positively correlated with IMA, CK-MB and cTnI in both CABG group (r =0. 948, 0. 964 and 0. 961, P < 0. 05 ) and in the VSD group ( r = 0. 986, 0. 978 and 0. 957). Conclusions h-FABP is an early diagnostic parameter reflecting perioperative myocardial ischemia and injury in cardiac surgery. Quantitative h-FABP monitoring could predict the severity of myocardial ischemia and injury early during cardiac surgery.

Objective To observe the immunohigical effects of three doses of H2 strain live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine 8 years after the administration and to compare with that of one dose of the vaccine. Methods In a country area, 110 children of 1 to 7 years old susceptible to HAV were screened and administered with one dose of the vaccine, as group B ; Group A were 42 children from one of the villages and administered with 3 doses of the vaccine according to 0, 2, 6 month schedule. Blood samples were taken for the children 1, 2, 6, 7, 8,12, 24, 36 and 96 months after the administrations respectively and detected for anti-HAV antibody. Results For group B, the sero conversion rate of anti-HAV and GMC reached peak at 92.2% and 126.2 mIU/ml respectively,and then, began to drop with time; For group A, after 2 dose of the vaccine, the sero-conversion rate reached 100%, and the GMC reached peak of 2 739 mIU/ml one month after the third dose at 7 months. So that, group A has a better short-term immunological effects than that of group B. During 36 through 96 months, the anti-HAV positive rate in group B was 75%-71% and 80-89 mIU/ml respectively, and comparatively in group A were 100% and 918.2-480.6 mIU/ml respectively. The differences between group A and B were significantly important. Conclusion A 3-dose schedule administration of H2 strain live attenuated hepatitis .A vaccine has better immunological effects than 1-dose schedule in 8years and further observations are needed.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical application and clinical outcomes of free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery in repairing of finger replantation with skin defect.

METHODSFrom April 2007 to March 2013,25 patients affected by finger amputation with skin defect were replanted and repaired by free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery. Among them, 18 patients were male and 7 were female,with an average age of 31.5 years old (ranged 16 to 58). The time of trauma to admission ranged from 45 to 210 min (averaged 105). Fifteen patients were complete separted, and 10 patients were non-complete separated. The area of flaps ranged from 3.5 cm x 2.0 cm to 4.5 cm x 3.0 cm, and the vessels were anastomosed through end-to-end. The functional evaluation standard of finger replantation was used to evaluate the postoperative function.

RESULTSTwenty-four cases were finally survived. Two flaps occurred vascular crisisin within 48 h after operation, one of which was survived after anti-vasospasm treatment and changing dressing,another was replanted finger for failed to survive. One had infection and healed after changing dressing. Twenty-four cases were followed up from 3 to 38 months with an average of 16.5 months. The appearance and texture of flaps were satisfactory, and the superficial senses of pain and touch were recovered,and two-point discrimination was 5.5 to 11 mm (averaged 7.4 mm). According to functional evaluation standard finger replantationissued by Hand Surgery Association of Chinese Medical Association, 8 cases got excellent results, 14 good and 2 poor.

CONCLUSIONThe free flap pedicled with supracarpal cutaneous branch of ulnar artery can be used in complex finger replantation with skin and vessels defect, which can extend operation indications, recover function and appearance for maximum.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Finger Injuries ; surgery ; Fingers ; blood supply ; embryology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Replantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Ulnar Artery ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To summarise and analyze the clinical effecacy of endovascular treatment(internal holmium laser incision,bal-loon dilation,ureter dilator,rigid ureter dilation)for ureteral stricture.Methods The clinical data of 628 patients from January 2010 to Jan-uary 2015 in our hospital were analyzed.The relevant operation indicators,postoperative complications and recovery condition were recorded and analyzed.Results The operation time was 5.5 to 29 minutes,with average time of 16.5 minutes,no ureteral avulsion,ureteral fragmen-tation and massive haemorrhage happened.All patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months,591 cases(94.1%)were cured,29 cases (4.6%)of postoperative stricture recurrence received endovascular treatment again,8 patients(1.3%)conversion to open ureterolithotomy. Conclusion Endovascular treatment of ureteral stricture is diversified within holmium laser incision,it has the advantages of shorter opera-tion time,fewer complications,less trauma,repeatability and so on,which is an effective and safe treatment method.

To investigate the enhancement of immunological activity of CpG ODN by chitosan gene carrier in mice, the effect of lymphocyte proliferation was detected in mice by using MTT, the levels of IgG and cytokines (IL-2 and IL-12) in serum were measured by ELISA and peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets CD4+, CD8+ were analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that spleen lymphocytes isolated from the CS-CpG ODN group of mice showed the strongest proliferation (SI =1.551), and the levels of IgG, IL-2 and IL-12 in serum were higher than those of other groups. Compared with the immunization with CpG ODN, the immunization with CS-CpG ODN gene carrier was more efficient in up-regulating the percentage of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ of mice. It was concluded that CS gene carrier of CpG ODN was much more effective in improving immunity of CpG ODN in mice.