After the background, main contents and paper writers of the medical journal Yi Chao founded in Nanjing during the late period of Republic of China were analyzed with stress laid on its characteristics of nursing experiences and surgical treatment procedures for diseases, its historical values in studying the debate on traditional Chinese and Western medicine and the history of public health and medical cause during the period of Republic of China were elaborated.

Objective To investigate the possible pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, T2DM, AD and T2DM +AD groups. The blood glucose levels were assayed, and the behavior changes were tested by Morris water maze. The glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results Compared with the control rats, the learning and memory abilities were weakened significantly in the model rats (F=28. 65, P<0.001). The expression of GSK-3β was higher in T2DM + AD group (4319. 02±653. 24) than in AD group (304. 39 ± 175. 83), T2DM group (540.43 ± 558.49) and control group (315. 56 ± 91. 64, H=19. 335, all P<0. 01). The level of hyperphosphorylation of tau protein was significantly increased in T2DM + AD group (8583. 81 ± 2236. 11) and AD group (2799. 61±1070. 02) than in control group (252. 02 ± 58. 37) and T2DM group (287. 75 ± 192. 53, H=32. 950, P< 0.001). There was no significantly difference of hyperphosphorylation of tau between T2DM group and control group (H = 32. 950, P>0. 05). Conclusions The increasing of GSK-3β activity in T2DM may be caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau.

With the development of medical education,the traditional cell biology teaching modes and methods need constant adjustment to adapt to the current teaching.In view of the present high-speed development of cell biology,we seriously picked some representative themes to carry out thematic teaching.Students were encouraged to read some references about the corresponding content and thought primarily before the class.After the lesson,the teacher guided students to discuss and find the answers to the questions they asked before.Participation in class discussion and homework completion accounted for 10％ of the final assessment results.The thematic teaching helped to optimize classical teaching contents and frontier progress.This teaching mode not only stimulated learning interest but also fully exercised learning ability.

Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from department of hematology during the past three years.Methods Pathogenic strains isolated from patients hospitalized in a hematology de-partment between January 2011 and December 2013 were collected,antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method or automatic system,antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were judged according to American Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2011, data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software. Results A total of 462 clinical isolates were collected in 2011—2013,including 161 gram-positive cocci isolates,279 gram-negative bacilli,and 22 fungi.Of Staphylococcus spp ,detection rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylo-coccus(MRCNS)and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)was 81.37% and 62.50%respectively.The re-sistant rate of Staphylococcus spp .and Enterococcus spp .to linezolid was 1.69% and 3.57% respectively,resistant rate of Staphylococcus spp .to teicoplanin was 3.39%,vancomycin-resistant gram-positive coccus was not found.Enterobacte-riaceae strains Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly susceptible to carbapenems,the sensitivity rates were 97.56%—98.88%;while nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter bauman-nii strains were obviously resistant to carbapenems,the resistance rates were 38.71%—64.00%.Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance of major pathogenic strains from hematology department is high,antimicrobial agents should be used according to pathogenic distribution characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results,healthcare-associated infection control should be strengthened to reduce antimicrobial resistant rate.

Child ; Critical Illness ; Humans ; Status Epilepticus

Abdominal Injuries ; complications ; Accidents, Traffic ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Middle Aged ; Splenosis ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Thoracotomy

Objective To investigate the effect of costimulatory molecules 4-1BB/4-1BBL on T cell activation with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)patients.Methods The expression of NF-kB mRNA and p38 MAPK mRNA of T cells with 20 SLE patients and 20 normal controls before activation,after activation and blocked bv 4-1BB/4-1BBL were detected bv RT-PCR.The protein levels of p-p38 MAPK and NF-kB were detected by Western blot.Results The expression of NF-kB mRNA and p38 MAPK mRNA and the protein expression of NF-kB and p-p38 MAPK of T cell with SLE patients were higher than that of normal controls(P＜0.01).There were more expression of NF-kB mRNA,p38 MAPK mRNA,NF-kB protein and p-p38 MAPK protein of T cell with SLE patients stimulated by anti-CD3 monoantibody(P＜0.01).In anti-4-1BB monoantibody blockage group,there were decreased expression of p38 MAPK mRNA and p-p38 MAPK protein(P＜0.01).but not the decreased NF-kB mRNA and protein expression.Conclusion Costimulatory molecule 4-1BB plays a critical role in T cell activation of SLE by p38 MAPK signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of Working Memory Training System on working memory impairment after brain injury. Methods From November, 2013 to March, 2015, 20 patients of brain injury with impairment of working memory were divided into training group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The training group was trained with the Working Memory Training System for four weeks, while the control group did not accept any cognitive rehabilitation. They were tested with digital forwards/backwards, space forwards/backwards, n-back test and Everyday Memory Questionnaire before and after training. Results All of the tests improved more in the training group than in the control group (Z>2.014, P<0.05), except that of digital forwards, as well as the score of Everyday Memory Questionnaire (Z=1.970, P=0.049). Conclusion Application of Working Memory Training System can improve the ability of memory in patients with brain injury, both the working memory and everyday memory.

We investigated health condition and evaluate the viability of Barthel's measuring scale for 1297 elder patients at 17 nursing homes.We nursed all patients by standards and performed a comparison study.The nursing percentages of highest and lowest levels were higher than the previous ones ( P ＜ 0.01 ),while the nursing percentage of normal level was lower than the previous one ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The cooperation between doctors and nurses became optimized through progressive patient care.Ideal nursing standard should be based upon the doctors' judgment and nurses' evaluation.The new standard will be more suitable for patients and easier to control for nurses.

Objective To study the cause and treatment of chronic instability of the elbow.Methods Between August 1998 and August 2002,12 patients with chronic instability of the elbow were treated in our de- partment:They underwent complete medical check-ups and imaging examinations.Surgical exploration was done to determine the causes of their conditions.Their radial and(or)ulnar collateral ligaments were repaired respectively or simultaneously through the medial and lateral approaches for all the patients.All the patients were followed up for two to six years,with an average of three years.Results The follow-ups revealed no recurrent dislocation of elbow in this group.The stress valgus test and lateral pivot shift test(PST)were negative for all the patients.No elbow pain occurred.The mean flexion and extension of elbow ranged from 0 to 135?.The mean pronation was 85?and mean supination 80?.According the evaluation system of Chinese Medical Association,eight cases were rated as excellent and four as fine,with the excellent and fine rate of 100%.Conclusions Lesions of radial and(or) ulnar collateral ligaments are the major cause for chronic instability of the elbow.Surgical reconstruction of the collateral ligaments can obtain good effects in treatment of recurrent dislocation of the elbow.