Objective To prepare optimization of palonosetron hydrochloride oral disintegrating tablets by orthogonal test. Methods Palonosetron hydrochloride oral disintegrating tablets were prepared with direct compression process.The content of pal-onosetron hydrochloride was determined by HPLC.The formulation was optimized with disintegration time as evaluation indices. Results The optimal formulation(60 mg/tablet)was as follows:L-HPC 12%,mannitol∶SMCC= 2∶1,magnesium stearate 2%, stevia glycosides 3%.The oral disintegrating tablets showed dine appearance and tested better;the disintegration time was 12 sec-onds;the tablets featured a hardness of 3 kg;4 min dissolution rate was 99%.Conclusion The preparation method is simple and reasonable,and the tablets can disintegrate rapidly.

[Objective]To design an intramedullary nail for mid-shaft clavicular fractures based on the anatomic study of human clavicles.[Method]Sixty adult clavicles and 5 fresh cadaveric clavicles were used to survey data about full length,angle between lateral and middle segments,angle between middle and medial segments and the narrowest outer and inner diameter of clavicle.The designed interlocked intramedullary nail was used to fix mid-shaft clavicular fractures.[Result]The full length of clavicle was about(14.82?1.15) cm.The included angle between lateral and middle segment and included angle between middle and medial segment were all about 30?,the narrowest outer diameter of clavicle was about(1.00~0.16) cm,the narrowest inner diameter of clavicle was about(0.50~0.18) cm.After conversely placing guide pin from fracture end,expanding medullary cavity and adjusting the nail,the designed nail was inserted into the medullary cavity from the distal or proximal ends of clavicle,and the proximal and distal ends of the nail were locked by interlocked screws at last.[Conclusion]Treatment of mid-shaft clavicular fractures with the self-made nail has such advantages as less surgical invasion,visible fracture reduction and stable fracture fixation.The biomechanical properties of the nail will be further investigated.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of caveolin-1 and pathological grade, clinical stage in bladder carcinoma. Methods Caveolin-1 expression was detected in 63 cases of bladder carcinoma and 10 cases of normal bladder epithelial tissue using SABC immunohistochemistry. The clinical and pathological data of the patients were collected and used to make statistical analysis. Results The normal bladder mucosal epithelia had not caveolin-1 expression, while the positive rate of caveolin-1 expression was 34.92% in bladder carcinoma. The positive rates of caveolin-1 expression in the grades I, II and III of bladder carcinoma were 0%, 2.86%, 54.28%, respectively, which had a significant difference(P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of sodium hyaluronate combined with glucocorticoid on the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder.Methods106 patients in department of orthopedics, the second hospital of Ningbo with periarthritis of shoulder were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=53).The control group were treated with anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment, at this basis, the study group were treated with sodium hyaluronate combined with Glucocorticoid.5 weeks for a course of treatment.Levels of serum inflammation, laboratory-related indicators were compared.ResultsCompared with before treatment, shoulder joint activity in the two groups increased, VAS score decreased, the scores of strength of shoulder joint, range of motion and daily activities increased, levels of serum IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group, scores of activity in the study group were higher, VAS scores were lower, scores of strength of shoulder joint, range of motion and daily activities were higher, levels of serum IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α were lower(P<0.05).The effective rate in the control group(73.59%) was lower than the study group(90.57%), but there was no statistical difference.ConclusionThe effect is accurate which sodium hyaluronate combined with glucocorticoid was used in the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder, and it can reduce the inflammation index and improve the joint activity.

Objective To explore the variation of the main chemical constituents of Herb Epimedii in decocting Herb Epimedii and Radix Astragali separately and compatibly. Methods Herb Epimedii combined with Radix Astragali were decocted with water in which the proportion of them were 1∶0, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2 and 0∶1, respectively. RP-HPLC was used to compare the content of icariin and the fingerprints in separate and compatible decoction. Results Afeter combination, the number of chromatographic peaks were added and no new peaks were detected. The contents of some chemical constituents such as icariin in Herb Epimedii were increased, especially in the compatible decoction at the proportion was 1∶1. Some constituents were not changed obviously. Conclusion Herb Epimedii decocted together with Radix Astragali especially at a ratio of 1∶1 can increase the solubility of the chemical constituents in Herb Epimedii. This provides a scientific basis for more effective use of the compatible decoction of the two herbs.

Objective To study application of hematocoelia reinjection in abdominal injury with massive hemorrhage and anemia ,and to estimate the impact of salvaged autotransfusion on blood routine and blood coagulation of patients.Methods In 75 patients with intra-abdominal injury bleeding anemia undergoing autologous hematocoelia reinfusion,compare the anemia index and coagulation indexes before and after surgery to evaluate the therapeutic effect.Results Among 75 cases,1 cases died of brain injury,the other 74 cases were cured.After the second days of review,red blood cell,hemoglobin,hematocrit,platelet were elevated,compared with preoperative,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Comparison of each index function and coagulation before operation ,the differ-ences were statistically significant (all P>0.05).Conclusion Salvaged autotransfusion can improve anemia prompt-ly without any impact on coagulation function in rescuing abdominal injured patients with massive hemorrhage and a -nemia.The treatment is effective .It has an important application in primary hospital .

Objective To establish a methodological study pattern of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker ( QAMS) , and examine its feasibility and technical applicability in the quality control of compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine-Jinhoujian spray. Methods Gas chromatographic method ( GC) was used and naphthalene served as the internal standard. Menthol was used as the reference substance. The relative correlation factors ( RCF) of 1,8-Cineole, camphor and borneol to menthol were calculated and established to carry out QAMS.The accuracy of this method was confirmed by comparison of internal standard method. Results The reproducibility of relative correction factor was perfect. The two methods did not show significant difference in 10 bathes of samples. Conclusion The QAMS method is feasible, credible, and can be used to determine active ingredients in Jinhoujian spray.

Occupational Health Services ; methods ; organization & administration

OBJECTIVE:To improve the synthesis technology of sorafenib tosylate (Ⅰ). METHODS:The intermediate N-methyl-(4-chlorpyridin-2-yl)carboxamide(Ⅳ)was obtained by chlorination and amidation with 2-picolinic acid as the starting com-pound. Meanwhile,N-[4-chloro-3-(triflouromethyl)phenyl]-N′-(4-hydroxyphenyl)urea (Ⅶ) was prepared from aminophenol and 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl phenyl isocyanate,which was obtained from 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline(Ⅴ)by reaction with initiator triethylamine. Sorafenib tosylate was synthesized from Ⅳ and Ⅶ with potassium tert-butoxide by condensation and salt for-mation. The target compound was characterized by 1H-NMR. RESULTS:The target compound was confirmed as Ⅰ,with the over-all yield of 74% [based on 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethylanilin)]. The purification of chromatogram was 94%. Optimized technology improves yield and simplifies multi-step intermediate decompression,distillation and purification process;the application of initia-tor shortens the duration of reaction. CONCLUSIONS:Ⅰ is prepared successfully,and raw material can be obtained easily and is easy to operate with high yield.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the regularity and characteristics of anaphylactoid reactions induced by Magnesium iso-glycyrrhizinate injection,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:27 ADR reports induced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection from Hunan Center for ADR Monitoring from Jan. 2014 to Mar. 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. RE-SULTS:In the 27 cases,15 were male (55.56%) and 12 were female (44.44%),with percentage of 1.25∶1;ADR mainly oc-curred in patients with 41-60 years old(51.85%);involved organ/system were mainly skin and its appendages(35.85%)and sys-temic damage(26.42%),the main clinical manifestations were rash,itching,fever,chills,vomiting and dizziness;there were 7 severe ADR reports(25.92%),mainly showed chills,fever and other systemic symptoms;most ADR can be cured(40.74%)or relieved(55.56%)by related processing. CONCLUSIONS:There are no risk tips for severe allergic reactions in instruction,it is necessary to strengthen post-marketing surveillance and further improve the drug instructions to reduce the risk of severe ADR in-duced by Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection.