OBJECTIVE: To research and compare the antimicrobial effects of propofol fat emulsion injection (PFEI) which contains disodium edetate (EDTA) or not. METHODS: According to the requirements of Antimicrobial Effectiveness in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Ch. P volume 4, 1121), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans were used as the test microorganisms, the number of viable microorganisms in 3 batches of PFEI with and without EDTA was determined at 12 h after inoculation. RESULTS: Compared with zero hour, the number of viable microorganisms in PFEI which contains EDTA didn't increase at 12 h, therein the number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans increased by about 0.5 lg; however, the number of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans in the samples without EDTA increased by 0.5, 0.4, 0.6 and 1.6 lg respectively, except for Aspergillus niger which did not increase. CONCLUSION: Compared with PFEI without EDTA, the samples containing EDTA may reduce the risk of infection caused by accidental contamination. However, it cannot reduce all pathogenic threats for propofol preparations.

Objective:To explore the judging value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) on patient's condition of male patients with senile degenerated heart valvular disease (SDHVD) complicated heart failure (HF) .Methods :A total of 67 SDHVD + HF male patients were regarded as SHDVD group ,another 43 male HF patients ,who accepted treatment during the same period with corresponding age and without valvular heart disease ,were enrolled as pure HF group .Cardiac function indexes and plasma BNP level were measured and compared between two groups ,the correlation between BNP and left ventricular end -diastolic dimension (LVEDd) was analyzed ,and the cutoff point of BNP level for judging severity of SDHVD + HF was also calculated .Results:Compared with pure HF group , there were significant rise in LVEDd [ (49.79 ± 4.31) mm vs .(53.04 ± 7.10) mm] and plasma BNP level [ (214.43 ± 237.71) pg/ml vs . (682.06 ± 981.15 ) pg/ml ] , and significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF ,(64.84 ± 5.83)% vs .(58.24 ± 7.99)% ] , P<0.05 or <0.01;percentage of moderate -severe heart dys‐function (NYHA class Ⅲ + Ⅳ) in SDHVD group was significantly higher than that of pure HF group (56.72% vs . 37.21% ) ,χ2 =3.988 , P=0.046. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that BNP level was positively correlated with LVEDd (r=0.588 ,P= 0.001) .The area under ROC (AUC) of BNP was 0.975 ,and the critical point of BNP level judging severity of male SDHVD complicated HF was 312 pg/ml ,and its sensitivity and specificity was 86.8% and 96.6% respectively .Conclusion:The SDHVD patient's condition is more severe compared with patients without valvular heart disease ,and BNP level is help to judging patient's condition .

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of rapamycin inhibiting mammalian target of RAPA (mTOR) on heart valve cell calciifcation in experimental rats. Methods: The rat’s valvular interstitial cells were isolated and the cells were cultured in 4 groups:①Normal control group,②Calciifcation group,③Rapamycin group and ④Calciifcation + rapamycin group. The apoptosis rates of valvular interstitial cells were detected by flow cytometry, calcium deposition was observed by Alizarin S staining, the calcified nodules were counted and the protein expressions of bmp-2, osteocalcin, osteopontin, smad-1 and caspase-3 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: The rat's valvular interstitial cells were suceessfully isolated; the cell apoptosis rates were similar among different groups,P>0.05. The calciifed nodule in Calciifcation group (0.471 ± 0.091) was more than Normal control group (0.104 ± 0.023), while the nodule in Calciifcation + rapamycin group (0.237 ± 0.039) was less than Calciifcation group, allP<0.05. Compared with Normal control group, the protein expression levels of bmp-2, osteopontin and smad-1 were obviously increased in Calciifcation group,P<0.05, and compared with Calciifcation group, the above indexes were obviously lower in Calciifcation + rapamycin group, P<0.05. The protein expression levels of caspase-3 were similar among 3 experimental groups,P>0.05. Conclusion: Rapamycin may down-regulate the targeting protein expressions of bmp-2, osteopontin and smad-1 via inhibiting mTOR, therefore, reducing the valvular interstitial cell calcification which might be related to mTOR pathway suppression in experimental rats.

AIM:To evaluate the repeatability of axial length (AL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) obtained by A scan ultrasonography, and to compare AL and ACD obtained by A scan with those obtained by IOL Master.METHODS:Two hundred and fifty-seven cataract eyes of 170 patients were included.IOL Master and A scan were performed for each eye.Five measurements of IOL Master and 3 measurements of A scan were obtained.All the tested eyes were divided into 5 groups according to AL obtained by A scan:Group A (2129mm, 21 eyes).Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied to evaluate the repeatability of AL and ACD obtained by A scan.Paired t test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the differences and correlations of AL and ACD obtained by the 2 devices, respectively.Bland-Altman plots were presented to analyze the agreements of AL and ACD obtained by the 2 devices.RESULTS:All the Cronbach's Alpha and ICCs of AL and ACD values were more than 0.98.The differences of AL values between A scan and IOL Master were-0.11±0.08mm in Group A,-0.15±0.10mm in Group B,-0.19±0.15 mm in Group C,-0.29±0.16mm in Group D and-0.45±0.29mm in Group E, respectively (all P<0.01).The differences of ACD values between A scan and IOL Master were-0.10±0.16mm in Group A,-0.06±0.13mm in Group B,-0.06±0.13mm in Group C,-0.19±0.10mm in Group D,-0.18±0.21mm in Group E, respectively (all P<0.01).In all groups, the AL and ACD values obtained by A scan and IOL Master presented good correlations (all r>0.89, all P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The AL and ACD values in cataract eyes obtained by A scan were repeatable.The AL and ACD values obtained by A scan were smaller than those obtained by IOL Master.With the increase of AL values, the differences of AL values between A scan and IOL Master increased.

Background Age-related cataract is the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide.To seek the effective prevention and drugs for management of cataract is important.Naphthalene-induced cataract of rat is an ideal animal model for the research of human age-related cataract,and aspirin has been proven to inhibit the development of human age-related cataract.ObjectiveThe present study is to investigate the role of aspirin on naphthalene-induced cataract.Methods Forty-five 150-160 g female SD rats were divided into three groups randomly.Naphthalene was orally taken with 0.5mg/kg per day for 3 days and then 1mg/kg per day for 70 days,and then 100mg/kg of aspirin was given per day for 70 days following four-day washout period in group A.In group B,the animals was given orally only naphthalene at the same way.No any intervention was used in group C.Naphthalene-induced cataract was examined under the slim lamp every week.The experimental animals were sacrificed and lenses were obtained in 70 days.α-Crystalline was extracted from lens homogenate and purified and identified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC),2-dimentional electrophoresis gel and Western blot.Different abilities of α-crystalline to protect β low crystalline from aggregation were observed using ultraviolet spectrophotometer.Results Naphthalene-induced cataract formed at the third week in only naphthalene group but at the sixth week in naphthalene+aspirin group under the slim lamp.No significant difference was found in the degree of lenses opacity in the second week among these three groups(F=0.032,P=0.969).However,a statistically significant difference was seen in the degree of lenses opacity in the fourth,sixth,eighth and tenth week among these three groups(F= 5031.130,P=0.000;F=115964.000,P=0.000;F=169846.500,P=0.000;F= 195431.200,P=0.000).Themolecular chaperone-like activity was significantly higher than that of the naphthalene-induced group.Conclusion Aspirin delays the progression of lens opacification through protecting α-crystalline molecular chaperone-like activity.

The development of the cochlear aqueduct and its aging change were investiga-ted in 234 temporal bones,ranging from 12-week-old embryo to adult by the lightmicroscope.The width of inner and outer opening,width and length of thecochlear aqueduct were parallel with the advance of fetal age.The length of thecochlear aqueduct at one year old was about the length of adult cochlear aqueduct.The diameter of the cochlear aqueduct at the child was wider than that of theadult.On the basis of morphology of the cochlear aqueduct and its characteristicof age,the developmental rule of the cochlear aqueduct,its function and clinicalsignificance were discussed.

Objective To study the effect of topiramate(TPM) on serum level of leptin and the expression of neuropeptide Y(NPY) in arcuate nucleus and their relationship with weight changes in pentetruzole-induced epileptic rats,and to explore the mechanism that TPM could reduce the weight.Methods One hundred and fifteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank control group,TPM contrast group,pentylenetetrazol(PTZ) model group,and TPM group.Weight changes were measured every 3 days.Serum leptin level was detected with rodioimmunity method and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus NPY expression was measured by immunohistochemical ABC technique at the 2~(nd),4~(th),6~(th) weekend,respectively.Results In TPM control group and TPM group weight loss appeared in the 4~(th) week compared with other groups at the 3~(rd) weekend and fell to the lowest at 4~(th) weekend(P

Objective To investigate the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the up-regulation of peripheral blood somatic stem cells after acute myocardial infarction in rats. Methods The models of acute myocardial infarction were established in 16 rata by ligation of left anterior descending branch of left coronary artery through chest incision, and the animal were divided into control group(n=8) and experiment group (n=8). The hearts of another 2 rats were obtained for normal myocardial tissue sections as controls. Monoclonal antibody of ICAM-1 was infused from the caudal vein in experimental group, and no invervention was conducted for control group. Blood samples were obtained from caudal vein on the first, third, seventh and fourteenth day after operation in these two groups. Serum concentration of ICAM-1 was measured by ELISA, positive rate of CD34 cells in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry, and the parameters of concentration of ICAM-1 and positive rate of CD34 cells at each time point were compared between groups. Results The concentration of ICAM-1 in peripheral blood of experiment group reached the lowest of (59.01±2.22) pg/mL on the seventh day. The concentrations of ICAM-1 in peripheral blood of experiment group were lower than those in control group, and there were significant differences between these two groups on the seventh and fourteenth day(P < 0.01). The positive rate of CD34 cells in peripheral blood of experiment group reached the highest of (12±2.11)% on the seventh day. The positive rates of CD34 cells in peripheral blood of experiment group were higher than those in control group, and there were significant differences between these two groups on the third, seventh and fourteenth day(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion ICAM-1 can inhibit the up-regulation of peripheral blood somatic stem cells after acute myocardial infarction in rats.

AIMTo synthesize poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/cyclodextrin conjugate (PNIPA-beta-CD) as thermosensitive drug carrier, incorporate indomethacin into the conjugate and evaluate the drug release from the carrier in vitro.

METHODSPNIPA-beta-CD was synthesized by introducing carboxyl terminated PNIPA into the primary hydroxy group of beta-CD. The obtained conjugate was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and DSC. The indomethacin/PNIPA-beta-CD complex was prepared by lyophilization. In vitro drug release from the complex was carried out at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C respectively.

RESULTSThermosensitive PNIPA-beta-CD was synthesized successfully. The LCST is 35 degrees C, as measured by turbidity method. The drug release from indomethacin/PNIPA-beta-CD complex was slower at 37 degrees C than that at 25 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONThermosensitive PNIPA-beta-CD with molecular inclusion capacity is a potential carrier for drug sustained release.

Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Temperature ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; chemistry

Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; genetics ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology