Objective Brain -derived neurophic factor ( BDNF) has played an important role in the repair of cauda equina Injury.The aim of this article was to observe the influences of Miao medicine Sheng Xian Decoction on structural change and BDNF protein expression in the sacral spinal cord of rats with cauda equina injury . Methods The rat model of cauda equina injury was es-tablished by using nerve clamping .Rats were randomly divided into the following groups:normal group , control group , Miao medicine group and mecobalamin group , 15 rats in each group .According to the death time after modeling , the rats in each group were subdivi-ded into 1d group, 7d group and 14d group, 5 in each subgroup.The nerve function recovery of rats in every group was observed through Basso , Beattie & Bresnahan locomotor rating score ( BBB score ) .The structural change of sacral spinal cord was observed(11.40 ±1.14) and the mecobalamin group (11.40 ±0.89) (P>0.05).On the 7th, 14th day after modeling, the scores of the Miao medicine group (17.0 ±1.00, 19.60 ±0.55) and the mecobalamin group (16.2 ±0.84, 18.80 ±0.84) were much higher than the control group (14.00 ±0.70, 16.40 ±0.55) (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group (P>0.05).The scores of the control group , the Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group showed an increasing tendency with time, and the difference of scores among the groups are of statistical significance (P<0.05).HE staining:Compared with the normal group , the spinal cord structure of the control group was damaged and glial cell proliferation increased signif -icantly.Compared with the control group , rats in the Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group were lightly damaged in spinal cord and got improvement in the glial cell proliferation as well as an increase in the number of normal neurons .Immunohistochemistry staining:On the 1st day after modeling, the MOD values of the control group (0.152 ±0.007) , the Miao medicine group (0.156 ± 0.008) and the mecobalamin group (0.162 ±0.008) were much higher than that of the normal group (0.130 ±0.006), and the difference was of significant difference (P<0.05).Moreover,the MOD value of the mecobalamin group was much higher than those of the control group and the Miao medicine group , which was of significant difference (P<0.05); there was no statistical significance between the control group and the Miao medicine group (P>0.05).On the 7th and 14th day after modeling, the MOD values of the Miao medicine group (0.205 ±0.009, 0.183 ±0.008) and the mecobalamin group (0.217 ±0.033, 0.187 ±0.007) were much higher than that of the control group (0.181 ±0.007, 0.161 ±0.014), which was of significant difference (P<0.05).There was no statistical significance between the values of Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group (P>0.05).The MOD values of the control group , the Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group showed a tendency of increase followed by decrease with time .The MOD values of 3 subgroups in the Miao medicine group and the mecobalamin group had no statistical significance (P>0.05).The MOD value of 14d subgroup was much lower than 7d subgroup in the control group (P<0.05), however, compared with 1d subgroup in the control group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05).There was no significant difference among the MOD value of 3 subgroups in the normal group (0.130 ±0.006, 0.130 ±0.006, 0.130 ±0.008) (P>0.05). Conclusion Miao medicine Sheng Xian Decoction can promote neuron survival and improve nerve functions through increasing the BDNF expression in the sacral spinal cord of rats with cauda equina injury .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance and relationship between the expression of FOXC1 and clinicopathological features, and to explore its correlation with E-cadherin. METHOD: Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detected the expression of FOXC1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and nasopharyngitis tissues. RESULT: (1) Immunoreaction to FOXC1 was mainly located in nucleus of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The positive expression rate of FOXC1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues was 85.3% (81/95), which was significantly higher than that in nasopharyngitis tissues (59.4%) (P < 0.05). (2) The expression of FOXC1 was not related to patients' age and gender, clinical stage of cancer and lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). (3) There was a correlation between the expression of FOXC1 and down-regulated expression of E-cadherin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FOXC1 may play an important role in generation and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, there may be a correlation between the expression of FOXC1 and down-regulated expression of E-cadherin, also FOXC1 may play an important role in the process of EMT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating E-cadherin.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nasopharyngitis ; metabolism ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:Repeated hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) preconditioning induces tolerance against ischemia in spinal cord. The confirmation of this phenomenon paves a new way in clinic to prevent and treat complications of spinal ischemia following thoracoepigastric aorta surgery. Probing into its mechanism of is chemic tolerance has provided basis for clinical application.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of mitochondrial structure and ATPase activity during spinal cord ischemic tolerance induced by repeated HBO preconditioning in rabbits.DESIGN: Randomized and controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the hyperbaric oxygen chamber of the Department of Air Medicine; Experimental Animal Center of the Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, between March and June 2004. Totally 50 male New Zealand rabbits were selected.METHODS: Fifty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: simple ischemia control group and HBO group with 25 rabbits in each group: 0.25 Mpa, 100% O2, one hour per day for 5 days. Spinal ischemia model was prepared 24 hours after the last preconditioning.Spinal cord ischemia (20 minutes)/reperfusion model was prepared by blocking the infrsrenal aorta. The motor function of hind-limbs was scored at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after reperfusion. The mitochondrial ATPase activity was measured and compared between two groups before ischemia, at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after reperfusion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The score of motor nerve function of the hind-limbs; ② The activity of mitochondrial ATPase; ③ Pathological evaluation.RESULTS: Totally 50 rabbits were involved for result analysis, and finally 25 rats in each group entered statistical analysis with no loss in the midway. ① The score of motor nerve function of the hind-limbs in HBO group at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after HBO preconditioning was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01). ② The activity of mitochondrial ATPase: the mitochondrial Na+, K+-ATPase activity and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activity at each time point of the animals in the two groups after is chemia were significantly decreased; Na+, K+-ATPase activity in HBO preconditioning group at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours of ischemia was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01); Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase activity at 6 hours and 24 hours after ischemia was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01). ③ Pathological evaluation: The structure of mitochondria in control group was seriously damaged while it was found almost normal in spinal cord in HBO group animals at 48 hours after reperfusion.CONCLUSION: The mechanism of ischemic tolerance induced by hyperbaric oxygenation pretreatment may partly be related to the attenuation of mitochondria ATPase activity decrease after ischemia, thereby protecting the function of mitochondria.

Objective Although minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery has unique advantages, there are still some difficulties in the complete resection of the thymus.Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has made up for the lack of thoracoscopy.This article summarize and analyze the clinical effects of DaVinci robotic surgery and thoracic surgery in the treatment of thymic diseases.Methods 116 cases of patients with thymic lesion were included in the study.According to the different treatment methods, 65 cases were included in da Vinci robotic group and other 51 cases were thoracoscopic group.Comparison was made in operating time, time of chest tube extubation, bleeding volume during surgery and amount of drainage within 24h after the operation between two groups.Results There were no statistical differences between robot group and thoracoscopic group in operating time(P>0.05).The time of pulling out the chest tube in robot group, postoperative days in surgical intensive care unit (SICU), and postoperative hospitalization days were significantly shorter than those in thoracoscopic group ([2.54±0.32]d vs [2.87±0.49]d, [0.75±0.04]d vs [0.81±0.06]d, [5.17±0.15]d vs [5.50±0.23]d, P<0.05).The bleeding volume during surgery and amount of drainage within 24h after the operation in robot group had a significant advantage over those in thoracoscopic group ([125.7±7.5]mL vs [136.6±8.2]mL, [117.38±11.45]mL vs [122.41±13.14]mL, P<0.05).Conclusion The da Vinci robotic surgery has the advantages of minimal trauma and rapid recovery, which makes up for the deficiency of thoracoscopy to a certain extent.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of transparent cap-fitted endoscopy in improving diagnostic yield of Barrett's esophagus(BE).Methods A total of 168 patients with endoscopieally suspected BE were randomly divided into cap group(n=60)and control group(n=108).A transparent cap-fitted endoscopy Was applied in cap group to take biopsy,while a routine one was used in control group,and 2 biopsies from suspected lesions were collected in each patient.BE was diagnosed in the presence of columnar epithelium and the diagnostic rate was compared between 2 groups.Results The diagnostic rates of BE were 83.3%(50/60)and 69.4%(75/108)in cap and control group,respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusion The lesions at cardia Call be exposed clearly with capped endoscopy,which facilitates localized biopsy and BE diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the novel hybrid liver and renal support system the safety and efficacy of the treatment of Tibet mini pig model of renal failure .Methods Five Tibet miniature pig bilateral renal artery ligation approached to construct the models of renal failure ,treatment group was treated with therapy (CRRT mode) of the novel hybrid liver and renal support system after modeling ,while the control group received no treatment .Drawning venous blood endotoxin ,biochemical tests and aerobic anae‐robic culture when in the treatment of 0 ,4 ,8 h;then we observed the changes of biochemical indicators in Tibet mini pigs before and after treatment ;we recorded machine pressure monitoring indicators every 2 hour during treatment .Results The model of renal failure of two experimental animals were successfully constructed .The general condition of treatment group was improved after treated by the novel hybrid liver and renal support system ,while the control groups continued to deteriorate .The experimental ani‐mals did not appear abnormal ECG during the experiment .Two groups of animals showed no statistics significant difference (P>0 .05) in the period of 0 h .In the remaining period ,heart rate and respiratory rate in treatment group was significantly reduced(P<0 .05) ,while oxygen saturation and mean arterial pressure were significantly increased compared to control group(P<0 .05) .There was no differences of biochemical indicators between two groups before modeling (P>0 .05);after modeling both groups biochemi‐cal indicators was significantly increased compared with baseline (P<0 .05);after treatment of the hybrid liver and renal support systems in the treatment group ,the biochemical parameters were significantly decreased compared with baseline ,the difference was statistically significant different(P<0 .05) ,while the control group did not change significantly .Blood endotoxin measured results were less than 0 .5 EU/mL ,arteriovenous end aerobic anaerobic culture showed no bacterial growth .Pathological examination showed significant swelling of the renal tubular epithelium and tubular necrosis .Conclusion The novel hybrid liver and renal sup‐port system for the treatment of Tibet mini‐pig model of renal failure is safe and effective ,and it can be further attempts for clinical trials .

Objective To determine if pregnancy affects the toxicity of bupivacaine and to investigate the effect of Shenfu injectio,a preparation of Chinese herbal medicine,on central nervous system and cardiac toxicity of bupivacaine in pregnant rats.Methods Twenty-four SD rats weighing 320-360 g were assigned to 3 groups(n =8 each):Ⅰ non-pregnant control group,Ⅱ pregnant control group and Ⅲ Shenfu injectio pretreatment group. The animals were anesthetized with isoflorane(2%-4%)-O_2 inhalation which was stopped before bupivacaine infusion was started.Femoral artery was canunlated for MAP monitoring and blood sampling and femoral vein was cannulated for bupivacaine infusion.MAP,HR and ECG were continuously monitored.All animals in the 3 groups received continuous infusion of 5% bupivacaine at 2 mg?kg~(-1).min~(-1).In group Ⅲ Shenfu injectio 10 ml?kg~(-1) was injected intraperitoneally(IP)30 min before bupivacaine infusion whereas in the two control groups(group Ⅰ and Ⅱ)equal volume of normal saline was injected IP instead of Shenfu injectio.The duration between the beginning of bupivacaine infusion and onset of convulsion/arrhythmia(QRS≥90 ms)/asystol was recorded and the amount of bupivacaine infused was calculated.Results There was no significant difference in the amount of bupivacaine causing convulsion and asystol between group Ⅰ and Ⅱ but the amount of bupivacaine causing arrhythmia was significantly larger in group Ⅰ(non-pregnant) than in group Ⅱ(pregnant control group)(P＜0.05).The amount of bupivacaine causing convulsion,arrhythmia and asystole was significantly larger in Shenfu injectio pretreatment group(group Ⅲ)than in pregnant control group(group Ⅱ)(P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Bupivacaine- induced cardiotoxicity is increased in pregnant rats and Shenfu injectio pretreatment can reduce the systemic toxicity of bupivacaine in pregnant rats.

control group from the high to the low. When the typeⅢand type Ⅳglomerular function was changed (BUN and BCr in high value),the drainage quantity of the enzymes evidently increased.Conclusions Urine enzyme series can sensitively reflect the damage of renal tubules in early stage, even if BUN and BCr value is on the normal level , and the drainage quantity of these enzymes are changed more or less, which show that renal tubule damage exists. The value of BUN and BCr is positively correlated with the drainage quantity of these enzymes.the more urine enzymes are drained out, the more renal tubule function is involved, therefore, the more renal globe function is damaged.

Objective This study was undertaken to evaluate the ecological association between terrestrial natural radionuclide,indoor radon concentration,natural radioactivity and leukemia incidence among children under 18 years of age.Methods Data were gathered from the disease surveillance program and literature reading while software SPSS 13.0 was used to calculate the Spearman's correlation.Results The incidence rates of childhood(0-18 year)leukemia showed significant differences in different places with the highest as 3.13/105in Jiangmen area and the lowest as 0.42/105 in Maoming area.The incidence in Jiangmen was 7.45 times higher than that in Maoming.There was a rank correlation between the incidence of childhood leukemia and the mean concentrations of natural radio-nuclides in soll(226Ra and 232Th),with a Positive correlation observed for overall leukemia(rs=0.70,P=0.011;rs=0.66,P=0.02 for226 Raand 232Th respectively)and acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL)(rs=0.66,P=0.019;rs=0.64,P=0.025 for 226 Ra and 232Th respectively).Associations between the incidence of childhood leukemia and the indoor γ radiation dose rate,the total annual average effective dose equivalent from natural background radiation were also analyzed(both rs=0.59,P=0.042).Conclusion The natural radioactivity was likely to be a causative factor for childhood leukemia in Guangdong.

OBJECTIVETo study aberrant DNA methylation potentially resulting in changes in the expression of cancer-related genes as a possible epigenetic mechanism for cadmium carcinogenesis.

METHODSGenomic DNA isolated from CdCl(2)-transformed BALB/c-3T3 cells was digested with Mse1 (methylation non-sensitive) alone or with Mse1 and BstU1 (methylation sensitive). The resulting DNA was analyzed for aberrant methylation using PCR-based technique-Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Fingerprinting (MSRF). Several DNA fragments differentially methylated in the transformed cells identified by MSRF were confirmed by Southern hybridization analysis using the aberrantly methylated DNA fragments as the probes.

RESULTSAberrant DNA methylation was identified in the transformed cells. DNA sequencing and sequence similarity analysis identified one of the aberrantly methylated DNA fragments as the p16 tumor suppressor gene.

CONCLUSIONDNA hypermethylation is known to result in gene silencing, it appears that hypermethylation of p16 gene may represent a possible epigenetic mechanism for Cd-induced cell transformation and carcinogenesis.

Animals ; BALB 3T3 Cells ; Blotting, Southern ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Mice ; Restriction Mapping