Robotic system helps surgeons in performing surgery. Currently Da Vinci system is the most popular. Da Vinci system has been used for the stomach and bowel diseases in 27 cases(18 cases of stomach and 9 cases of colon and rectum) in the Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Accurate preoperative staging is crucial, and Da Vinci system is advantageous in lymph node dissection, preservation of nerve plexus, and complete resection of mesorectum. Adoption of gastrointestinal tract reconstruction technique should depend on the operation and experience in surgery. Though Da Vinci system has limitations and the cost is high, it is believed to be the future trend.
Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Humans ; Robotics ; methods

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical application of prospective ECG-gated scan and adaptive cardio se-quence scan of dual-source CT coronary angiography.Methods 255 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography using a dual-source CT scanner were divided into two groups:group A underwent prospective scan,group B underwent retrospective scan.The two groups were further subdivided into low heart rate group and high heart rate group,recorded as A1(n=51),A2(n=89),B1(n=26), B2(n=89),respectively.Group A1 preceded with prospective ECG gated scan;group A2 performed with adaptive cardio sequence scan;group B1 and B2 underwent retrospective scan.All of them applied ATCM (automatic tube current modulation)technique. Effective dose was recorded.The image quality was assessed by two experienced radiologists with a four-point grading scale.Results The excellent or good image quality (score 1 and 2)of the four groups were above 95%,and no statistical differences in images scores was detected in A1 and B1 (P =0.726),A2 and B2 (P =0.079).Effective dose was significantly different in A1 and B1(P <0.001),A2 and B2 (P <0.001),and the former decreased 50% and 40% as compared with the latter.Conclusion Using prospective ECG gated scan and adaptive cardio sequence scan,assessable image quality of coronary artery can be acquired with dual source CT (heart rate<90 beast per minute),and radiation dose can be obviously reduced.

OBJECTIVETo explore the theory of "Fei and Dachang being interior-exteriorly related" and the pathogenesis of lung injury by observing changes of inflammatory cytokines and oxygen free radicals in ulcerative colitis (UC) rats.

METHODSTotally 50 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, the normal control group and the model group, 25 rats in each group. The UC model was established by allergizing colon mucosa combined with TNBS-alcohol (50%) enema. Another 25 rats were recruited as the normal control group. At week 2 and 4 after modeling, the pathomorphological changes of the lung were observed. Furthermore, the contents of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-1beta were determined by ELISA. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated with colorimetry.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the pathomorphology of the lung tissue in the model group appeared abnormal at week 2 and 4. Compared with the normal control group, levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and MDA in the lung tissue significantly increased in the model group (P < 0. 01) and the activities of SOD significantly decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTNF-alpha, IL-1beta, SOD, and MDA might be common material bases for the large intestine involved in lung disease of UC patients, thus providing a modern scientific basis for the theory of Fei and Dachang being interior-exteriorly related.

Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Actins ; metabolism ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fasciitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; metabolism ; pathology

Protamine (PRM) is one of the most abundant arginine-rich nucleoproteins in sperm and plays an important role in spermatogenesis. In the late stage of spermatogenesis, the replacement of PRM by histone prompts the closer combination between the nuclear matrix of sperm and nucleoprotein in order for high enrichment and condensation of nuclear chromatin in addition to preventing the sperm genome from mutation induced by internal and external factors. With the development of DNA sequencing techniques, researches on the association between PRM polymorphisms and male fertility are surfacing as a hot field. Many studies show that rs2301365 polymorphism is a risk factor for male infertility and increases the risk of male infertility by 27 - 66%, that rs737008 polymorphism of PRM1 and rs1646022 polymorphism of PRM2 are protective factors against Asian infertility, and that the ratio of PRM1 to PRM2 is intensively associated with male infertility. This review presents an update on the association between PRM gene polymorphisms and male infertility.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protamines ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa

Objective To investigate the relationship between the nerve growth factor ( NGF ) induced hippocampal neuroregeneration and homeobox gene Lhx 8.Methods Seventy-two SD rats were divided into control group , transected group, NGF group, transected combined with NGF group after right fimbria-fornix transection and NGF intracerebroventricular injection . Real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to detect the gene and protein expression of Lhx8 in each group.The choline acetyltransferase ( ChAT)/Lhx8 double labeled cells in subgranular zone ( SGZ) of hippocampus in each group were detected by immunofluorescence .Results The expression of Lhx8 gene and protein in the transected , NGF group and especially in the transected combined with NGF group was obviously higher than in the control group .The number of ChAT/Lhx8 double labeled cells in the NGF group and the transected combined with NGF group was obviously more than in the control group and transected group . Conclusion The hippocampal neuroregeneration which induced by NGF intracerebroventricular injection was associated with the higher expression of Lhx8.

Adult ; Fever ; etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps ; complications ; Stomach Diseases ; complications

Aim To explore the effect of prenatal expo-sure to lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) on lipid metabolism in mice offspring from the starting point of FAT/CD36 expression.Methods 8-week old C57 mice mated 2∶1, then they were caged separately , marked as preg-nancy 0 d.The pregnant mice were given single intrap-eritoneal injection of 75 μg? kg -1 LPS, and the con-trol received injections of 0.2 mL saline .The perirenal adipose of female mice and epididymis adipose of male mice were collected in 4 w,8 w,12 w,respectively. The weight of visceral adipose tissue and the free fatty acid( FFA) and triglyceride ( TG) of adipose tissue and FAT/CD36 of offspring mice were quantitated .Results The body weight of offspring of LPS group was also significantly higher than that of NS group , and LPS group offspring displayed increased adipose tissue wet weights , the expression of TG and FFA was increased in LPS group compared with NS .Especially , prenatal exposure to inflammatory stimulation resulted in marked increase of FAT/CD36 and abnormal adipocyte development .Conclusions Inflammation induced by prenatal exposure to LPS results in increased body weight , adipose coefficient and FAT/CD36 that might develop into obesity in adult mice .These results are relevant in that anomalous local adipose tissue and FAT/CD36 regulation may be an important mechanism underlying obesity .

OBJECTIVE In this study we explored the role of Epac1-Rap1 pathway in the acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS An acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model was established by the ligation of left anterior descending coronary. Myocardial architecture, fibers and apoptosis was evaluated by the Masson trichrome staining, Sirius red staining and TUNEL assay.H9c2 cells were subjected to hypoxia for 5 h followed by 1-h reoxygen-ation in vitro.Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and cellular injury was evaluated by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Western blot, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expressions of Epac1 and relative downstream molecules.RESULTS Myocardial IR-induced cardiac apoptosis and accumulation of Epac1 and Rap1 in rat IR injury model.Direct Epac activation by 8-CPT(8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2′-O-methyl-cAMP)exacerbated cardiomyocyte death and dysfunction following hypoxia-reoxygenation(H/R),selective activation of Epac in response to H/R was evident which enriched for cytosolic/membrane proteins and mRNA. Harmacological inhibitor of Epac (ESI-09)significantly ameliorated myocardial injury with the decline of Epac expression.Epac inhibitor and agonist studies also implicated the effect of Rap1, which is downstream of Epac in this pathway. The expression of Rap1 elevated when activated by Epac agonist and was blocked by Epac inhibitor. The same result was true for myocyte CaMK-II and intracellular calcium ions activation.Moreover,ESI-09 also increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Our study reveal that Epac1/Rap1 signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/R injury in rats,which provides evidence on the development of therapeutic strategies target this pathway for myocardial I/R injury.

As a crucial component of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy, moxibustion has been extensively propagated and used with its significant efficacy, simple operation, inconspicuous adverse effects and less sufferings. There are a variety of factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion. The influencing factors, including moxibustion dose (moxibustion duration, distance between moxa and skin, size and number of moxa cone), selection of points, moxibustion sensations, and the type of moxibustion were analyzed and summarized, to provide references for approaching the maximum efficacy of moxibustion in clinic.