Objective To study the agreement of the two kinds of assessment for neurological development, the Qualitative Assessment of General Movements (GMs) and the 52 Items Neurological Assessment from Birth to 1 Year, in preterm infants during the early infantile period. Methods16 preterm infants with or without risk factors for brain injury were assessed with GMs and the 52 Items Neurological Assessment from Birth to 1 Year within 3 months after birth. ResultsFor the GMs, 11 infants were assessed as normal, 4 as poor repertoire (PR) and 1 as cramped synchronized (CS). For the 52 Items Neurological Assessment from Birth to 1 Year, 12 infants were normal, 4 were moderate abnormal. Kappa=0.709.ConclusionThe result of GMs agrees with that of 52 Items Neurological Assessment from Birth to 1 Year for preterm infants during the early infantile period.

In the current study, nine flavonoids were isolated and purified from 75% ethanol extract of Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring by column chromatographic techniques over macroporous resin, polyamide, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and pre-HPLC. On the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data analyses, these compounds were elucidated as cirsimarin (1), nepitrin (2), apigenin-6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 2,3-dihydroamentoflavone (6), 4'-O-methylamentoflavone (7), 2,3-dihydro-4'-O-methyl-amentoflavone (8), and 2,3,2",3"-tetrahydron-4'-O-methyl-robustaflavone (9). Compounds 1-5 belong to flavonoid glycosides and were isolated from the genus Selaginella for the first time.
Flavonoids ; analysis ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo study the quality control methods for 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection.MethodsThe appearance,pH,contents of the bases,the labeling yield,asepsis and bacterial endotoxins of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kits from three different batches were examined.The kit stability was estimated under different conditions.The transparence,pH,radiochemical purity,half-life,asepsis and bacterial endotoxins of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 injection were tested.ResultsThe 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection were both achromous and transparent,with pH values being 5.9 ± 0.1 and 5.5 - 7.0 respectively.The contents of stannous chloride and TRODAT-1 were stable.The labeling yield of the kit and the radiochemical purity of the injection were both ≥95％.The asepsis test demonstrated that the characters of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection were qualified.TRODAT-1 kit was stable at 0 -4 ℃ for 6 months or at room temperature (20 -25 ℃ )for 10 days,and the radiochemical purity of the injection was still ＞ 90％ at room temperature for 8 hours.ConclusionsThe quality control methods for 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit are simple and practical.The kit and injection are qualified and can be used for clinical application.

Based on the improved design of the existing thoracic cavity closed drainage system, a new multi-functional device is developed and is described here in detail. The device is more convenient and more efficient than the existing system. Besides, it has a function of autotransfusion. Animal experimental results show that it has attained the goal of the improved design.
Drainage ; instrumentation ; methods ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Thoracic Cavity ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of visual disability and the demands for visual rehabilitation services in Beijing.

METHODSFive hundred and fifty-five persons with visual disability in Beijing from the Second National Survey on Disability of China were involved in this study. Their visual disability and demands for rehabilitation were evaluated.

RESULTSAbout three fourth of the visual disabled persons were over 60 years of age. Cataract, retinal and choroidal diseases, and glaucoma were the three leading causes of the visual impairment. Medical service was the number one (82.0%) demand for the persons with visual disability, although 89.4% of them had previously received some kinds of medial services. People who had received visual aid devices or rehabilitation training were 26.7% and 5.8%, respectively, while more people showed their demand for these service (36.6% and 11.9%, respectively). The demand for visual rehabilitation varied in different groups of age and severity of disability.

CONCLUSIONAccessibility of high quality medical services for preventable blindness diseases should be further promoted. Public health education on visual rehabilitation is also needed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disabled Persons ; rehabilitation ; Female ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vision, Low ; epidemiology ; rehabilitation ; Young Adult

In order to observe the influence of lyophilized Radix Astragali powder injection on hemodynamics and myocardial consumption of oxygen of dogs with myocardial ischemia, we establised the myocardial ischemia model by ligating the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery of 5 mongrel dogs. Then the drugs were administered intravenously, and the hemodynamic parameters and myocardial consumption of oxygen of the dogs were measured. All the Radix Astragali groups and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Group (RSMG) showed significantly decreased heart rate (HR), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) of dogs with myocardial ischemia in 5-30 min after drug administration (P < 0.05-0.01). All the Radix Astragali groups and the RSMG showed significantly lowered left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of the dogs in 10 min-4 h after drug administration (P < 0.05-0.01). All the Radix Astragali groups displayed significantly increased maximum contraction velocity (+dp/dt(max)) of the dogs in 10 min after drug administration (P < 0.05-0.01). All the Radix Astragali groups and the RSMG displayed significantly increased cardiac output (CO) in 10 min-4 h after drug administration, in which the High Dose Group (HDG) of Radix Astragali displayed the highest statistical significance (P < 0.01). All the Radix Astragali groups and the RSMG exhibited significantly decreased peripheral resistance (TPR) and increased coronary blood flow (CBF) in 10 min-4 h after drug administration (P < 0.05-0.01). HDG showed significantly decreased myocardial work (MW) in 5 min-30 min after drug administration (P < 0.05-0.01). HDG and MDG exhibited significantly decreased oxygen uptake rate of the myocardium (MVo2) in 30 min-3 h after drug administration(P < 0.05-0.01). In summary, the lyophilized Radix Astragali powder injection can significantly benefit all the indexes and strengthen the heart function of the dogs with myocardial ischemia.
Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Dogs ; Female ; Freeze Drying ; Hemodynamics ; Injections ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Oxygen Consumption ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Powders

Objective To investigate the establishment of synapses between the cortical neurons and the neuron-like cells difierentiated from the marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)in a simulated transplantation system in vitro.Methods The BMSCs from green fluorescent protein(GFP)transgenic mice(GFP-GM-BMSCs) were isolated, cultured and purified in vitro.The third passage of GFP-GM-BMSCs were co-cultured with primary cultured cortical neurons and gliai cells in a simulated transplantation system in serum-free medium conmining 2%B27 supplemented with 20 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and 20 ng/mL epidermal growth factor(EGF).On day 10 of the co-culture,FM1-43,a fluorescent dye specific to active synaptic vesicles,was used to observe synapses formation between the cells under fluorescence microscope. Results The GFP.GM-BMSCsco-cultured with the neural cells in the Serum-free medium containing bFGF and EGF differentiated into neuron-like cells 7 days after the co-culture.On day 10 ofthe co-culture,FM1-43 dye-positive synaptic vesicles were foundin the cell culture,locating mostly in the cell body,processes and terminal sffuctures ofthe neuron-like cells. Conclusions The neuron-like cells derived from GFP-GM-BMSCs can form synapses with the coRical neurons in the simulated cell transplantation system in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical response, pathological complete response (pCR), tumor resection rate and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel and epirubicin (ET) for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

METHODSFrom March to December 2001, 40 women with LABC, aged from 28-67 (medium 48) years were alloted. Twenty patients had clinical stage IIIa disease, 15 had stage IIIb disease and 5 stage IV patients who had ipsilateral sura-clavicular metastasis. The dose was: epirubicin (E) 60 mg/m2, docetaxel (T) 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, with G-CSF given preventively. After 2 cycles of ET, a pilot clinical response evaluation was performed by investigators for each patient to decide if she should receive another 1-2 cycles of ET before surgery or radiation therapy.

RESULTSThirty-eight patients received 2-3 cycles of ET regimen. The pCR, clinical complete response (cCR) and clinical partial response (cPR) rates were 15.0%, 20.0% and 52.5%, respectively. Tumor resection rate in this group was 92.5%. Incidence of III/IV Grade neutropenia was 8.4%/14.0% of cycles, and 3 patients suffered from neutropenia with fever. Non-hematological adverse events were alopecia, nausea, vomiting, fluid retention, myalgia, arthralgia and nail disorders, which were mild to moderate.

CONCLUSIONNeo-adjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of docetaxel and epirubicin is effective and well tolerated by women with locally advanced breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutropenia ; chemically induced ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Remission Induction

BACKGROUNDAs precise positioning of ankle radiography is not possible, quantitative measurement of all syndesmotic parameters on repeated ankle X-ray films may be of little value. The purpose of this study was to provide a set of scientific and objective evaluation criteria for assessing the quality of ankle fracture reduction accurately and reliably by an intelligent combining three-dimensional (3-D) computed tomography (CT) measurement model.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to March 2011, all the thin-slice CT images of 100 cases (50 males and 50 females) with normal ankle joint scanned by 16-slice spiral CT were collected. Two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D images of ankle joints were generated by using multiple planar reconstruction (MPR) and surface shaded display (SSD) respectively. The relevant parameters about bone structures and their relationship were measured and analyzed based on 3-D topological narrow division technique and 3-D measurement techniques combining essential elements of point, line and surface.

RESULTSIn this study, the mean distance from lateral malleolus tip to talocrural articular surface, the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus to talocrural articular surface and lateral malleolus tip to the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus were (22.83 ± 1.12) mm, (12.84 ± 1.09) mm, and (61.18 ± 2.03) mm respectively in male group, and (20.16 ± 1.00) mm, (10.30 ± 1.05) mm and (53.00 ± 1.40) mm respectively in female group. The above three parameters were correlated with gender, height and weight (P < 0.05). However, the mean perpendicular distance from lateral malleolus tip to the plane through the tip of medial malleolus anterior colliculus, the talocrural angle, later clear space, medial clear space, and the superior clear space were (9.93 ± 0.29) mm, (10.01 ± 0.38)°, (1.94 ± 0.16) mm, (2.78 ± 0.19) mm, and (3.14 ± 0.15) mm respectively in 100 cases, were not significance correlated with gender, height and weight (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThis study could provide a certain amount of relevant data for the standard of injured ankle anatomical reduction and the second surgery planning after malunion. The methods of measurement are reliable, reproducible, and easy to apply in practice.

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo survey the prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in patients newly diagnosed as HIV positive and who were younger than 25 years of age but had not received treatment with antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Hunan province.

METHODSSerum specimens of HIV infected individuals were collected and HIV-1 pol genetic mutations associated with drug resistance were identified with PCR and interpreted with Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database.

RESULTSA total number of 69 patients whose HIV sequences were amplified successfully with 2 (2.9%) specimens appeared mutations associated with HIV-1 drug resistance in the reverse transcriptase region, including one as V75M and the other one as K103N and V181C. Data showed that the prevalence of drug resistance in Hunan was 2.9%.

CONCLUSIONThe first line regiments of national ART seemed still effective. Most of the AIDS patients did not need to be tested on drug resistance status before starting ART. However, it is important to start HIV drug resistance surveillance in no time.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Monitoring ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; HIV Infections ; blood ; drug therapy ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Young Adult