Objective To investigate the risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment and the effet of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods The data of patients with ischemic stroke over the age of 50 were collected.The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale were used to evaluate cognitive function.Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) was used to evaluate the depression status in order to exclude the patients with depression.The patients with ischemic stroke were divided into either a cognitive impairment group or a non-cognitive impairment group according to the scale evaluation results.The demographic and clinical characteristics in both groups were compared,and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to look for the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke.The Spearman rank correlation method was used to analyze the degree of CBMs,total score of MoCA,and the correlations of all cognitive domains scores.Results A total of 169 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study.There were 80 patients in the cognitive impairment group and 89 in the non-cognitive impairment group; 34 patients had CMBs and 135 had no CMBs.The age was older (71.99 ±6.01 years vs.64.47 ±6.15 years; t =8.014,P =0.000),years of education were fewer (4.51 ± 1.534 years vs.6.94 ±2.357 years; t =8.023,P =0.000),systolic blood pressure was higher (156.19± 17.53 mm Hg vs.142.04± 16.03 mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa; t =5.479,P =0.000),scale of white matter lesion was higher (7.33 ± 2.04 vs.4.39 ± 2.17; t =8.951,P =0.000),cerebral infarction volume was larger (7 123.8 ± 1 587.1 mm3vs.5 628.4 ± 1 017.8 mm3;t =7.201 ; P =0.000),proportion of the patients with history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack was higher (46.2％ vs.28.1％;x2 =5.982; P=0.014),and number of CBMs was larger (x2 =17.565; P=0.000) in the cognitive impairment group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age (odds ratio [OR] 1.115,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.013-1.227; P =0.026),years of education (OR 0.490,95％ CI0.325-0.793; P=0.001),systolic blood pressure (OR 1.048,95％ CI 1.014-1.083; P =0.005),scale of white matter lesion (OR 2.044,95％ CI 1.466-2.851; P =0.000),and cerebral infarction volume (OR 2.204,95％ CI 1.386-3.503; P =0.001) were all the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke.Compared to the non-CBM group,the age was older (72.06 ± 5.59 years vs.67.01 ±7.15 years; t =4.427; P =0.000),years of education were fewer (3.97 ± 1.381 years vs.6.25 ±2.317 years; t =7.367,P =0.000),systolic blood pressure was higher (155.03 ±20.16 mm Hgvs.147.16 ±17.32 mm Hg; t =2.290,P =0.023),scale of white matter lesion was more higher (7.03 ±2.139 vs.5.47 ±2.591; t =3.247,P =0.001),cerebral infarction volume was larger (6 968.5 ± 1 507.4 mm3 vs.6 177.0 ±1 477.1 mm3; t =2.735,P =0.007),and proportions of hypertension (82.4％ vs.41.5％ ;x2 =18.149,P =0.000),hyperlipidemia (88.2％ vs.39.3 ％ ;x2 =26.067,P =0.000),history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (70.6％ vs.28.1％ ;x2 =21.061,P =0.000) and coronary heart disease (94.1％ vs.45.2％ ;x2 =26.278,P=0.000) were higher in the CBM group.The MoCA total score (M[Q1 ～ Q3]; 24 [24 ～25]vs.28 [27 ～ 28] ; Z =-7.092,P =0.000) as well as the scores of attention (6 [5 ～ 6] vs.6 [6 ～ 6] ; Z =-2.502,P =0.012),abstraction (2[1 ～2] vs.2[2 ～2] ; Z =-2.382,P =0.017) and visuoexecutive (2[1 ～2] vs.4[4 ～5]; Z=-7.321,P=0.000) in the CMB group were significantly lower than those in the nonCBM group.The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the CMB grade was negatively associated with the MoCA total score (rs =-0.879,P =0.000) as well as the scores of visuoexecutive (rs =-0.895,P =0.000),attention (rs =-0.337,P =0.005),and abstraction (rs =-0.333,P=0.006).Conclusions The age,years of education,systolic blood pressure,degree of white matter damage,and cerebral infarction volume are the risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment.The visuospatial executive dysfunction,attention and abstract thinking decline significantly in ischemic stroke patients with CBMs.CMBs and their numbers are closely associated with cognitive impairment.The more the CMB numbers are,the more obvious the cognitive impairment will be.

To elucidate the effect and effective mechanism of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) on growth axis and gonadal axis in puberty rats.

Objective To investigate the effectsof quercetin on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)-12 undergoing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) induced by TGF-β1; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods Cell activity of intervening by quercetin with different concentrations and TGF-β1 for 72 h was detected by CCK-8 method;RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the transition of endothelial and stromal markers; Western blot was used to detect the signal transduction pathway; RT-PCR was performed to detect the transcription factors that play crucial roles in the process of transformation. Results The results of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence double staining showed that TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) stimulated HUVEC-12 cells for 72 h to induce fibroblast phenotype, showing more interstitial markers and less endothelial markers;Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that quercetin inhibited the phosphorylation of smad2/3 in a concentration-dependent manner;After TGF-β1 stimulation, the downstream transcription factors EndMT of snail1, twist1, twist2, ZEB1, and ZEB2 significantly increased, while 100 μmol/L quercetin could down-regulate the five downstream transcription factors. Conclusion Quercetin has anti-fibrosis effects through inhibiting HUVEC-12 cells undergoing EndMT.

Objective:To explore the effect of autoimmune regulator to TLRs expressions on peripheral antigen presenting cells(APC).Methods:①pEGFPC3-AIRE plasmid was transfected with liposome.②Confocal microscopy was used to observe the effect of transfection.③RT-PCR assay was used to detect the expressions of AIRE and TLR1-9 in RAW264.7cells at 36,48,72,96 h after transfection.Results:①The plasmid was transfected into RAW264.7 cells successfully,and the efficiency of transfection was 60~70%.②AIRE transfected RAW264.7 cells were achieved,and the best time was 72 h.③At 72 h after transfection,the expressions of TLR1,4,5,9 increased,and TLR3,7,8 reduced.The expression of TLR2,6 increased at 96 h.Conclusion:AIRE may regulate the immune response by control TLR expression in APC.It maintain the effective response to pathogen and tolerance state to self tissues through the effects to different TLRs.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells ( MDSC) are a bone marrow-derived heterogeneous cell population with immuno-suppressive activity.Although there is convincing evidence that autoimmune diseases are associated with MDSC expansion ,controversies remained regarding the role of MDSCs in controlling autoimmune responses .Recent studies have shown that the expansion of MDSCs , which are capable of inhibiting effector cell function in vitro ,does not always lead to alleviation of autoimmune diseases ,and in some ca-ses paradoxically exacerbates the disease progression .This review summarizes recent insights into the role of MDSCs in the development of autoimmune responses and the potential of using MDSCs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases .

Objective To give a summary of the current researches on hematopoietic stem cell niche.Methods Through extensive reviewing the related domestic and abroad literatures,the present summary reviews the compo- nents of hematopoietic stem cell niche,related cell factors and related cell signaling pathway participating in regula- tion of hematopoietic stem cell.Results The activities of hematopoietic stem cells are regulated by the niche(micro- environment),which is composed of hematopoietic stem cell and its surrounding cells.The regulation cannot be completed through one signaling pathway.Also,the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell can- not be completed only through osteoblastic cells.Conclusion The niche regulates hematopoietic stem cells by differ- ent ways.With study in-depth,we will comprehensively understand the nature of stem cells and the study will pro- vide a broader space to stem cell-based therapy.

Objective To enhance the utilization rate of large medical equipment in medical university.Methods The running and utilization rates of 36 pieces of large medical equipment were statistically analyzed during the past 5 years in the Scientific Experiment Center of some university,and the histogram was established for the effective machine hours to explore the utilization of large medical equipment.Results The statistical analysis and histogram showed that the utilization rate in the past 5 years was low and idleness occurred in some equipment sometimes.Conclusion Some measures are proposed to enhance the utilization rate of large medical equipment from the aspects of equipment maintenance and calibration,propaganda,new function development,personnel and etc.

Objective To understand the regional distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates of bacteria flora ,in order to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infection .Methods According to the national clinical test proce‐dures operation separation strains ,HX‐21 bacteria identification/susceptibility analyzer bacteria identification and drug sensitive test .Results Among 1 705 strains of isolated bacteria ,Gram‐positive cocci accounted for 39 .8% ,Gram‐negative bacteria accounted for 60 .2% ;separation rate from high to low were:benzene azole resistance westwood 13 .3% coagulase negative staphylococcus , pseudomonas aeruginosa ,12 .0% benzene azole resistance westwood staphylococcus aureus 11 .3% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta lactamase 10 .7% ,e .coli to produce ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase e .coli 9 .9% ,acinetobacter was 7 .1% ,pro‐ducing ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .9% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta‐lac‐tamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .7% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive coagulase negative staphylococcus 4 .8% ,enterococ‐cus was 4 .8% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive staphylococcus aureus 4 .5% ,etc .Conclusion The common pathogenic bacteria is gram‐negative bacilli in the common pathogenic bacteria .In negative bacilli infection ,acinetobacter ,pseudomonas aeruginosa ,e .coli , klebsiella pneumoniae ,etc were more common .In staphylococcus aureus strains ,benzene azole westwood drug‐resistant strain ratio is higher than benzene azole westwood sensitive strain rate for 3 times .In addition to the vancomycin and teicoplanin sensitive ,other commonly used antibiotics shows different degrees of resistance .

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; blood ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; blood ; metabolism

Objective To compare the difficult degree,differences in gastric pouch volume,the complications,and postoperative weight loss effect of two gastric pouch practices in laparoscopic gastric bypass for bariatrics.Methods We retrospectively analyzed laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery in 76 bariatrics cases from May 2010 to May 2012.Two methods were used to create gastric pouch,among which 39 cases were operated with the dissection landmark method (called dissection),and 37 cases with bougie airbags 30 ml (called the bougie).Parameters were compared between the 2 groups including operation time for gastric pouch,the amount of staple cartridges,intraoperative complications,blood loss,and postoperative excess weight loss percentage (EWL ％),the postoperative bleeding,obstruction,fistula and other complications.Results All patients were followed up for more than one month.The dissection group used longer time in creating gastric pouch than that in the bougie group [(58 ± 27) min,(42 ±21) min,P ＜ 0.01].The number of staple cartridges used were significantly different between the two groups [(6.2 ±3.0),(4.3 ± 2.0),P ＜ 0.01].There were 10 cases of complications in the dissection group (26％),and 3 cases in the bougie group (8％) (P ＜0.05).One month after the surgery,one each patient had transient hematochezia.There was no gastric pouch-related complications in the two groups postoperation.There was no difference in excess weight loss (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The two methods can achieve the same effect on excess weight loss.The bougie method used less time in creating the gastric pouch,less consumable materials,and less complications occurred in creating gastric pouch.