Objective To evaluate the effect of intrathecal (IT) NR2B antisense oligonucleotide (aNR2B) on cognitive function in morphine-dependent rats.Methods Male SD rats weighing 230-270 g were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 60 mg/kg.IT catheter was placed at L3-4 interspace according to the technique described by Yang. Thirty rats in which IT catheter was successfully placed without any complication were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=10 each):control group (group C), morphine dependence group (group MD) and group aNR2B.Morphine dependence was induced in group MD and aNR2B by increasing doses of morphine for 6 days. The initial dose of morphine was 10mg/kg injected subcutaneously (SC) twice a day and was increased by 10 mg/kg.every other day.The final dose was 50mg/kg. Then morphine 30 mg/kg was administered SC once a day for 4 weeks. aNR2B 15 nmol was administered IT at 30 min before SC morphine every day in group aNR2B.In control group normal saline was administered instead of morphine. Morris water maze was used to assess the cognitive function at 0 (T0, baseline),1 and 3 weeks of morphine administration (T1,T2).The escape latency and the number of times the animals crossing the plateform were recorded. The animals were killed after the test and the hippocampus was isolated for determination of choline acetytransferase(ChAT)expression.Results There was no significant difference in the baseline escape latency and the baseline number of times the animals crossing the plateform at T0 among the 3 groups. The escape latency was significantly prolonged and the number of times the animals crossing the plateform decreased at T1 and T2 as compared with the baseline at T0 in group MD.The ChAT expression was significantly down-regulated in group MD as compared with control group. IT aNR2B significantly ameliorated cognitive dysfunction at T1 and T2 and increased ChAT expression in group aNR2B compared with group MD.Conclusion IT NR2B antisense oligonucleotide can attenuate cognitive dysfunction through up-regulation of ChAT expression in hippocampus in morphine-dependent rats.

It is very important to have a clear and widely accepted definition and classification for clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation, research and social support of children with cerebral palsy, as well as in establishing a regional, national and global monitoring database. There are some new changes about the definition, clinical types and function classification of cerebral palsy recently domestic and abroad, which pay more attention to assessments on function and participation in daily life.

Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Rodenticides ; poisoning

Objective To analyze the implementation effect of formative assessment in nutri-tion and food hygiene. Methods 55 students of Class One from grade 2010 majoring in preventive medicine were taken as the control group, with 56 students of Class Two as the experimental group.The control group used the summative assessment , while the experimental group used the formative assessment. Results were analyzed by course examinations and questionnaire surveys. SPSS 17.0 soft-ware was used and the measurement data were expressed by x±s. Statistical analysis was performed using t test, test, rank sum test, a Yuan linear correlation analysis, with the level of test α=0.05. Results The experimental scores and final scores of experimental group students were significantly higher than the control group and the difference was statistically significant(P values were 0.001, 0.000). The experimental group's overall result is closer to the negative skewed distribution. The ex-perimental group's average score of 89 points is significantly higher than the control group's average score of 79 points(P<0.01), and the usual results and the final results were positively correlated(r=0.865, P<0.001). The survey indicated that the students recognized the application of formative assess-ment in teaching process . Conclusion Formative assessment can help improve the teaching and learning quality in nutrition and food hygiene.

Target cells K562 were labeled using two different isotopes,~(51)Cr and ~(125)I-UdR,for detecting NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in normal subjects.The NK activity was higher in ~(51)Cr release assay in comparison with ~(125)I-UdR release assay. After six-hour incubation,the percentage release of ~(51)Cr was around 60% whereas that of ~(125)I-UdR was only 30% in 20 hours. ~(125)I-UdR release could be enhanced by trypsin treatment.

Objective To explore the value of interventional therapy in unruptured intracranial aneurysms combined with brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM).Methods Data of 23 patients with unruptured aneurysms combined with BAVM were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with interventional embolization,and the embolization methods were choosen according to the Redekop classification.The proximal or distal hemodynamic aneurysms were embolized with coils,and the intranidal aneurysms were embolized with Onyx.The outcome was assessed by the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) one week after treatment.DSA scan was used to observe whether there was recurrence during 3-6 months after embolization.Results Totally there were 36 aneurysms in 23 patients,including 8 intranidal aneurysms,16 proximal flow-related aneurysms,11 distal flow-related aneurysms and 1 unrelated aneurysm.Embolizations of 16 proximal hemodynamic aneurysms and l0 distal hemodynamic aneurysms were done with coils.And embolization of 8 intranidal aneurysms were done with Onyx.One distal hemodynamic aneurysm was not embolized due to the difficulty of embolization and the regular shap of aneurysm;and the patient died of cerebral hernia caused by intracranial hemorrhage on the sixth day after embolization.Because it was more suitable for surgical clipping,1 unrelated hemodynamic aneurysm was not embolized.In 23 cases,BAVM were completely embolized in 7 cases and incompletely embolized in 16 cases.A week after operation,the GOS score were 5 in 19 cases and 4 in 3 cases.The GOS score was not evaluated in the dead case.Except for 1 cases of death,the other 22 cases were followed up after embolization.No recurrence and intracranial hemorrhage occurred.Conclusion Interventional treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms combined with BAVM is safe and effective.Making treatment plan according to the hemodynamic characteristics of lesions and completely embolizing all lesions to prevent postoperative bleeding is helpful to improve the prognosis of patients.

Aim To explore the inhibitory effect of isobavachalcone (IBC)on migration and invasion of
tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca81 1 3 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods Tca81 1 3 cells were
treated in different concentrations of IBC in vitro.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT;Wound healing as-say and Transwell chamber assay were used to detect the ability of cell migration and invasion;Western blot was applied to detect the expression of Akt,p-Akt, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins.Results IBC could in-hibit the proliferation of Tca81 1 3 cells in a concentra-tion-and time-dependent manner.IBC can reduce cell migration and invasion.Western blot showed that IBC could an decrease the expression of p-Akt,MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in a concentration-dependent manner.
However,the level of Akt was not affected by the con-centration of IBC treatment.Conclusion IBC could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion in Tca81 1 3 cells and its mechanism may be associated with the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 pro-teins and the inhibition of phosphorylation of upstream Akt.

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of testicular germ cell tumors and to improve the MRI diagnostic level. Methods MRI and clinical data of 25 cases confirmed testicular germ cell tumor by pathological examination were retrospectively analyzed. All the 25 cases were performed plain scan of MRI,and 16 patients underwent MRI enhanced scan.The size,morphology,signal intensity, adjacent structures,enhancement figure and tumor supplying artery were assessed and the histopathological findings were servered as the standard of reference.Results In the all 25 testicular germ cell tumors,10 cases were seminoma,8 cases showed homogeneous low signal intensity,2 cases of seminoma were low signal intensity on T2 WI,furthermore 5 cases performed poor nodular enhance-ment,2 cases performed homogeneous enhancement,4 cases performed fibrous septa enhancement.4 cases were yolk sac tumor ap-peared equal-low signal on T1 WI,slightly high signal intensity on T2 WI and progressive enhancement.Mature teratoma,pidermoid cyst and mixed germ cell tumor were 3 cases respectively,the MRI demonstrated mixed low signal intensity on T1 WI and mixed high signal on T2 WI.2 cases were embryonal carcinoma demonstrated middle-low signal intensity on T1 WI,and mixed low signal intensity on T2 WI.The two cases revealed bleeding signal intensity and septa enhancement.Conclusion MRI can be used to diagnose germ cell tumors with high accuracy,and provides essential information for pathological type,stage and differential diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of NR2B antisense oligonucleotide on naloxone-induced withdrawal responses in morphine-dependent rats. Methods Famale SD rats weighing 230-270 g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarhital 60 mg/kg. Intrathecal (IT)catheter was placed at L3,4 interspace.Thirty-two rats in which FT catheter was successfully placed were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 8 each) : group C control; group MD morphine dependence; group AO NR2B antisense oligonucleotide (aNR2B) and group SO NR2B sense oligonucleotide (sNR2B) . In group MD, AO, SO chronic morphine dependence was induced by increasing doses of subcutaneous morphine for 6 days. The initial dose of morphine was 10 mg/kg twice a day and was increased by 10 mg/kg twice every other day and reached 50 mg/kg on the 6th day. In group AO and SO IT aNR2B or sNR2B 15 nmol was administered simultaneously with subcutaneous morphine. Morphine withdrawal responses was induced by IT naloxone 4 mg/kg and scored based on the responses (0 = normal; higher scores signify severer responses) . The weight loss was calculated.The expression of NR1, NR2A and NR2B mRNA in hippocampus was determined by RT-PCR. Results The morphine withdrawal syndrome and weight loss were significantly incresed in group MD, AO and SO, while NR2B mRNA expression in hippocampus was up-regulated in group MD and SO compared with group C. The morphine withdrawal syndrome and weight loss were significantly decreased, NR2A mRNA expression in hippocampus was up-regulated and NR2B mRNA expression was down-regulated in group AO compared with group MD. There was no significant difference in NR1 mRNA expression between the 4 groups . Conclusion NR2B antisense oligonucleotide can suppress morphine withdrawal responses through the regulation of NMDA receptor level and construction in hippocampus.

Objective To establish a technical route for the efficient expression and purification of PprI protein from Deinococcus radiodurans R1 by using eukaryotic Pichia pastoris.Methods The encoding sequence of the Deinococcus radiodurans pprI gene was modified according to the preference of Pichia pastoris' codon.Modified pprI gene was fully synthesized with PCR and a 6 × His tag was added at its Nterminal.The PCR products were purified and then cloned into Pichia pastoris expression vector pHBM-905A.After utilizing Cop I and Not I double enzyme digestion and retrievering linear objective fragment,new pprI gene was transformed to the GS115 strain of Pichia pastoris.The obtained Pichia pastoris transformants were induced to express.Culture supernatants were detected by SDS-PAGE,Western blot,and mass spectrometry.A Ni-NTA column was uesd to purify the target protein and the BCA method was used to determine protein concentration.Results The coding sequence of new synthetic Deinococcus radiodurans pprI gene was correct.The purpose protein band of a molecular weight of 43 000 was detected in the culture supernatant of transformed Pichia pastoris strains by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The mass spectrometry confirmed that it was the Deinococcus radiodurans PprI protein.When the concentration of imidazole was 250 mmol/L,the elution rate of PprI protein was the highest.The purified protein concentration was 0.35 mg/ml measured by BCA method.Conclusions This study has successfully constructed a new pprI gene and the recombinant strain of Pichia pastoris secreting PprI protein,and established a technical route for the efficient expression and purification of PprI protein.