Objective To investigate the potential effect of hypoxia on adhersion and invasion of human cervical carcinoma cells HeLa. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to investigate the level of HIF-1? mRNA and E-cadherin mRNA of HeLa cells cultured under normoxia, 5%O2, 3%O2, 1%O2. The invasiveness of HeLa cells was investigated by transwell chamber assay. Results Under the condition of normoxia, 5%O2, 3%O2 and 1%O2, the optical density ratio of HIF-1? mRNA/?-actin was (0.423?0.116), (0.764?0.111), (1.687?0.126) and (0.215?0.099), showing that the level of HIF-1? mRNA had a tendency of first inceasing and then decreasing with the decreasing oxygen content. The optical density ratio of E-cadherin/?-actin was (1.045?0.171), (0.719?0.114), (0.386?0.105) and (0.157?0.063), showing a decreasing tendency with the decreasing of oxygen content. The invasiveness of HeLa cells was (112.5?20.7), (254.3?27.5), (333.6?45.2) and (124.5?24.6), showing that the invasiveness of HeLa cells had a tendency of first inceasing and then decreasing with the decreasing oxygen content. Conclusion Moderate hypoxia up-regulates the mRNA levels of HIF-1?, and down-regulates the mRNA levels of E-cadherin, and enhances the tumor invasiveness. The possible mechanism is the increasing mRNA levels of HIF-1?.

Objective To study the acute inhalation toxicity of 50% Luowei,a plant molluscacide,in rats. Methods Twenty adult Wistar rats,half male and half female,were given of 5000 mg/m3 of 50% Luowei through a dynamic inhalation de?vice and the death and recovery of the rats were observed within 14 days,and LC50 was drawn. Results After exposure,the ac?tivities of the rats decreased and a few individual animals had scratching symptom,but the symptom disappeared after the expo?sure. No animals died during the whole observation period. Therefore,the acute inhalation LC50 was greater than 5000 mg/m3 for rats,and Luowei belonged to low toxicity level. Conclusions 50% Luowei will not cause animal death if it is inhaled into ani?mal body. However,people still need to wear protective equipment in production and use.

Objective To investigate the effect of nicergoline on cognitive ability and executive function for patients with vascular cognitive impairment without dementia (VCIND).Methods Totally 68 patients with VCIND were divided into conventional treatment group (33 cases) and nicergoline treatment group (35 cases,nicergoline 10 mg,tid added on basal conventional treatment).All of cases were continuously treated for 12 weeks.Cognitive ability and executive function before and after treatments were evaluated.Results Test scores of immediate free recall of a list of words,the numbers and symbols transformation,the word fluency,clocks and watches painting,and minimental state examination (MMSE) were significantly higher in nicergoline treatment group than in conventional treatment group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Nicergoline may improve attention and memory as well as cognitive ability in patients with vascular cognitive impairment without dementia.

Domestic generic drug registration has a large proportion in chemical drugs with outstanding repeated registration phe-nomenon and low level innovation of enterprises. Under the above background, chemical drug registration reform kicked off. The imple-mentation of new drug registration classification, marketing authorization holder and the changes of listed drug registration documents have a huge impact on China' s pharmaceutical industry, which can promote the reformulation of domestic pharmaceutical market, en-courage R&D and innovation in enterprises and accelerate the pace towards the international market.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported malaria reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,so as to provide the evidence for improving the imported malaria control strategies. Methods The epi-demiological data of overseas imported malaria cases were collected and analyzed descriptively for the species,original coun-tries,diagnosis and treatment in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015. Results A total of 148 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Chongqing City from 2011 to 2015,in which 96(65.54%)cases were falciparum malaria,and 37(24.32%) cases were vivax malaria;125(84.46%)cases were infected in Africa,and the rest of 23(15.54%)cases were infected in Southeast Asia. Most of the patients were 30 to 50 years old male workmen,and the ratio of male to female was 11.42:1. There was no obvious seasonal distribution among the reported timelines of the cases;however,there were two small peaks from June to August and from January to February. The median interval time of imported malaria cases from malaria onset to see a doctor was 1 day and from seeing the doctor to get malaria diagnosis was 2 days. The patients'first selected institutions were county medical institutions(50 cases,33.78%),then provincial medical institutions(36 cases,24.325%)and private doctors(20 cases,13.51%),and only 79(53.38%)patients got malaria diagnoses in their first selected institutions. The standard treatment were provided to 142(95.54%)cases. There were 43(29.05%)patients had serious complications and three patients were dead. Conclusion It is very important to enhance the multi-sector's collaboration to establish the collaborative investigation mechanism for screening malaria patients,and strengthen malaria health education for overseas workers and training courses in primary care medical institutions.

Objective To investigate autoantibody against endothelin receptor type A (ENRA-Ab) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE-PAH).The possibility of autoantibody-mediated pathogenesis in the development of SLE-PAH has also been explored.Methods ENRA-Ab in the serum of SLE-PAH and controls were detected by using a human ETRA epitope peptide-based ELISA.The clinical relevance of ENRA-Ab in SLE-PAH was analyzed.Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and permeability of endothelial cells in vitro under the stimulation of polyclonal ENRA-Ab IgG were assessed.The expressions of PAH-related markers, i.e., 5-HTT, PDGFR-b, VEGF-A and PDGF-B were measured by qPCR.The effect of ENRA-Ab in vivo was also determined in a suboptimaldose monocrotaline-induced model with the assessment of right ventricle hypertrophy index and pathology parameters.Independent t-test, Tukey-Kramer test of variance analysis and Pearson' s correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results ENRA-Abs was presented in a higher occurrence in SLE-PAH (35/85,41％) compared with controls (0/60;0, 13/80, 16％).There was a significant correlation between ENRA-Ab and echocardiograph estimated pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (r=0.392, P=0.002) in SLE-PAH.ENRA-Ab could promote SMCs proliferation, disrupt endothelial barrier and up-regulate PAH-related markers expression,which could be blocked in the presence of ETR antagonist.ENRA-Ab aggravated right ventricle hypertrophy and vascular remodeling in vivo.Conclusion ENRA-Ab is a new biomarker, in SLE-PAH, which may mediate PAH development in SLE.

Rifabutin(RBT) is a rifamycin derivative,like rifampicin(RIF),registered for the prophylaxis and treatment of mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)in patients with AIDS by FDA in 1992.Subsequently,the drug was approved by many other countries.But now,it is used not only in the prophlaxis and treatment of mycobacterium avium complex but also in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and Helicobacter pylori.For its high lipophilic characteristic and weak inducing properties compare to other rifamycin derivative,it can be applied in treatment with many diseases successfully,especially when combine with other antibiotics,and can solve the problem of traditional antibiotics resistance and increase the clinical safety of combined medical treatment.This paper just shows the progress of clinical pharmacological study and related aspects on rifabutin in order to instruct prescription.

Objective To study the activation of Janus protein tyrosine kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathway and its inhibitor-signal transducer and activator of transcription-1(SOCS-1) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods A total of 45 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 30 healthy controls were randomly selected. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of Stat1 protein and phospho-Stat1 protein (an activated form of Stat1 protein) in the monocytes after stimulation with recombinant high mobility group box1 (rHMGB1) at various time points. Expression of Stat1 protein in the skin or lesional skin was also detected. Phasic expressions of SOCS-1 mRNA in the monocytes after rHMGB1 stimulation were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. SOCS-1 gene expression in the skin or lesional skin was also detected. Results The expression level of Stat1 proteins in the monocytes from patients with SLE was higher than that from healthy controls (t=9.16,P＜0.01) and positively correlated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (r=0.59,P＜0.01). Expression of phospho-Stat1 in the monocytes from SLE patients was time-dependently upregulated after stimulation with rHMGB1 at various time points, while expression of SOCS-1 mRNA remained unchanged(all P＞0.05). Expressions of phospho-Stat1 protein and SOCS-1 mRNA in the monocytes from healthy controls were increased transiently after stimulation with rHMGB1(all P＜0.05). Both expressions of phospho-Stat1 protein and SOCS-1 gene in the lesional skin from patients with SLE were upregulated compared with those in normal skin from healthy controls (all P＜0.01). Conclusion There are hyperactivation of JAK-STAT1 signaling pathway and negative feedback down-regulation of SOCS-1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. HMGB-1 may be partly involved in the pathogenesis of SLE by the abnormal mediating function of JAK-STAT1 signal transduction pathway.

An analysis of the time pattern of outpatients visits to our hospital from 1997 to 2000 led to the discovery of the variation pattern of each outpatient departments workload. This discovery has enabled the managers of the hospital to rationally deploy the manpower and material resources of various departments, make full use of limited resources, readjust the working hours and shifts of different kinds of staff, and work out a flexible system of working hours which is more scientific and more convenient to patients. Implementation of such a system has ensured that prompt delivery of medical service is accessible to patients even at the peak of visiting hours. Hence the reduction of patients time of waiting and the provision of a scientific guarantee for establishing a quality, efficient, low consumption and fast outpatient service system, meeting the medical needs of patients to the maximum and enhancing work efficiency.

A 57-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for a 7-year progressively spreading plaques involving the entire body surface, and multiple irregularly sized red nodules and infiltrated patches on the face, trunk and limbs. Histopathological examination showed pleomorphic tumor cells diffusely dis-persed throughout the dennis, giving an appearance of low proliferation. Some cells with cytoplasmic pro-cesses appeared multiangular in shape, lmmunohistochemically, tumor cells were negative for CDla or S-100, but positive for CD45, FXIIIa, CDl4, MHC- Ⅱ, CD68 and lysozyme with extracellular interstitial expression. Ultrastructurally, the cells exhibited cytoplasmic processes and irregularly sized nuclei; no Birbeck granules were observed. Vesicules of low electron-density were seen diffusely in cytoplasm and extracellular matrix. The case is herein diagnosed as cutaneous non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which presents with a chronically invasive clinical course. These cells may develop from immature dermal dendritic cells.