Gout ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine

Objective To study surface heparinization of small intestinal submucosa(SIS)and an- tithrombegenicity of beparinized SIS films with plasma initiation technique for the engineering vascular scaffolds. Methods The SIS films were grafted with heparin by hypothermia plasma initiation technique.The blood com- patibility of the modified SIS films was assessed by observing blood coagulation time in vitro and the long term pa- tency of hepafinized SIS vascular scaffolds directly under the circulation of blood.Results The hypothermia plasma initiation method could attach heparin onto the SIS surface,The water contact angle of SIS films modified with heparin was decreased while the surface free energy and hydrophilicity increased.The prothrombin time(PT),ac- tivated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and thrombin clotting Time(TT)of the SIS films modified with heparin were prolonged obviously.Small caliber engineering vascular scaffold made of heparinized SIS films kept the patency for six weeks.Conclusion Heparin can be attached to SIS films by hypothermia plasma initiation technique.The modified surfaces provide good and persistent antithrombogenicity,and possess potent blood compatibility,

Objective To study the effects of CBL teaching mode on treatment plan making process among orthodontic postgraduates. Methods Totally 42 junior and senior orthodontic post-graduates were randomly divided into 2 groups (21 per group)named as experimental group and test group. Each group was further divided in to 3 teams involved in CBL and traditional teaching. Six cases of the same type malocclusion were selected each time;after 4 teaching cycle,test scores of two groups were analyzed with SPSS 19.0. Results were shown as mean ± standard deviation and t test andχ2 test were applied to evaluate the rationality and accuracy of treatment plan made by students. Survey questionnaire were issued to teachers and students after class and the assessment results of CBL teaching mode were summed up. Results Test scores were (88.61±8.34)in experimental group and (76.13±8.59)in control group with significant differences (t=3.16,P=0.01). Pass rate of two groups were 96.12%and 87.51%with significant differences (χ2=4.76,P=0.02). During the first teaching program, accurate rates of experimental group and control group were respectively 31.00% and 36.70% and ra-tionality were 33.31%and 33.30%. During the second teaching program,accurate rates of experimen-tal group and control group were 68.80%and 45.70%and rationality were 62.72%and 43.37%. During the third teaching program,accurate rates of experimental group and control group were 89.70% and 51.20%,and rationality were 95.00% and 66.70%. During the fourth program,accurate rates of ex-perimental group and control group were respectively 97.80% and 55.30% and rationality were 98.30% and 75.60%. Conclusions CBL teaching mode is helpful to improve the students' ability of analyzing clinical cases and making more accurate and rational treatment plan,however the increasing teaching cost and the course load are also involved.

Objective To explore the methods and clinical value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in detecting rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) with head scanning probe.Methods A total of 12 patients had the ultrasonic examination through the rectum with the head scanning probe.Preoperative ultrasonic findings were compared with the pathological results.Results Of the 12 patients,the patients were divided into three groups,including 3 cases with low-degree severity,6 cases with moderate-degree severity and 6 cases with high-degree severity.The lymph node metastasis was not found near intestines.Rectal GIST appeared as a hypoechoic mass with clear limit、regular form and expanded growth under TRUS.The CDFI showed abundant flow in the tumor and TRUS had an overall accuracy rate of 75.0%(9/12)in the diagnosis of rectal GIST.The accuracy of TRUS in the staging diagnosis of rectal GIST was 83.3%(10/12).Conclusion The TRUS with the head scanning probe is of great value for pre-operative diagnosis and staging of rectal GIST.Rectal water window and felicitous check-up technique can enhance the accuracy of TRUS.

Objective To analyze the electrocardiography(ECG)data of pressure overload-induced cardiac hy pertrophy rats.Methods Pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aorta constriction. Echocardiogram and heart weight measurement demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy.Standardized ECG parameters of limb and chest were measured and statistically analyzed.Results Two weeks after hypertrophy models were established,echocardiogram showed greater LVPWTd,IVSTd,LVDd.ECG showed that left axis deviation and higher R waves in V_A,V_B,V_C(P

Objective To prepare controlled release microspheres of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)& calcium alginate and observe their effect on proliferation of human umbilical vein endo- thelial cells(HUVEC)in order to provide theoretical basis for controlled release of VEGF facilitating an- giogenesis of tissue engineering bone.Methods VEGF-calcium alginate microspheres were prepared by using the needle extrusion/external gelation method to investigate physicochemical character and in vitro release of VEGF.According to the different ingredients added into the culture medium,the seconda- ry cultured HUVEC were divided into four groups,ie,control group,microsphere group,VEGF group and VEGF-calcium alginate microsphere group,in which the proliferation of the cultured HUVEC was ob- served with cell counting method,MTT method and flow cytometry.Results The calcium alginate mi- crospheres were revealed as spherical shape and evenly distributed,with mean grain diameter of(560?50)?m,carrying capacity of 0.72 ng/mg and the encapsulation efficiency of 54%.Smooth controlled re- lease in VEGF-alginate microspheres lasted for more than 10 days.Proliferation of the cultured HUVEC was accelerated the most in VEGF group at the beginning but in EGF-calcium alginate microsphere group at midanaphase compared with other groups,with statistical difference(P＜0.05).There was no statis- tical difference upon cell counting,cell activity and time point of cell cycle between control group and mi- crosphere group.Conclusion VEGF-sodium alginate microapheres can continue activity of VEGF,re- lease VEGF for over 10 days and promote proliferation cultured HUVEC for a long time.

Objective To observe the effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon (PFC) combined with exogenous pulmonary surfactant (PS) inhalation on rabbit models of acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: ALI group, combination treatment group, PFC group, and PS group (each groupn = 8 rabbits). The rabbit model of ALI was induced by the whole lung normal saline lavage. After modeling, in the combined group, 3 mL/kg vaporized perfluorooctyl bromide/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (PFOB/DPPC) emulsion was inhaled, the rabbits in PFC and PS groups were treated with vaporized PFOB emulsion and vaporized DPPC emulsion 3 mL/kg inhalation respectively, and in the ALI group was given the same amount of vaporized normal saline inhalation. In each group, before modeling for 30 minutes (basic value), after modeling for 1 hour and after treatment at 0 minute, 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours, the respiratory rate (RR), oxygenation index (OI), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were observed, and the lung coefficient (LI) and lung permeability index (LPI) were calculated; the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the lung tissue was collected and the lung pathological changes were observed under macroscopic and microscopic observation.Results Aftermodeling, the levels of OI, Cdyn were quickly lowered, RR became significantly elevated, and there were obvious edema, hemorrhage and exudation in lung tissue of ALI group. The levels of OI were significantly increased in combined group and PFC group compared with the level in ALI group after treatment at 0 minute initially [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 231.0±16.7, 221.4±19.0 vs. 189.5±21.0, both P < 0.05], while the level of OI in PS group was increased significantly until 4 hours after treatment, being higher than that in ALI group (mmHg: 297.0±20.7 vs. 243.3±36.7,P < 0.05); RR was decreased significantly in combined treatment group at 30 minutes after treatment compared with that in ALI group (bpm: 151.1±13.3 vs. 178.5±32.0,P < 0.05), while the RR in PFC group and PS group were not increased significantly until 4 hours after treatment being higher than that in ALI group (bpm: 129.3±14.3, 133.1±13.9 vs. 157.5±32.5, bothP < 0.05). Compared to ALI group, the three treatment groups resulted in significant improvement in Cdyn right at 0 minute (mL/cmH2O: 1.64±0.10, 1.45±0.10, 1.43±0.09 vs. 0.57±0.05, allP < 0.05), their LPI, LI and inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased [LPI (×10-5): 4.21±0.42, 4.76±0.55, 4.87±0.49 vs. 5.56±0.52, LI: 8.04±0.58, 8.90±0.88, 9.22±0.71 vs. 10.85±0.73, TNF-α (ng/L): 50.05±4.91, 56.18±5.54, 63.60±5.96 vs. 73.60±5.27, IL-1β (ng/L): 34.27±4.55, 40.29±5.03, 48.13±6.38 vs. 54.71±4.26, allP<0.05], and pulmonary edema, congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration were obviously ameliorated (pathological scores: 3.74±0.58, 4.50±0.75, 5.29±0.72 vs. 6.13±0.72, P < 0.05). Cdyn levels were increased significantly in combined treatment group at 0 minute, 30 minutes, 4 hours after treatment compared with thosein PFC and PS group, but there were no significant differences between PFC and PS group. Levels of LI, LPI, inflammatory factors and pathological scores were decreased significantly in combined treatment group compared with those in PFC and PS group, the degrees of improvement of inflammatory factors and pathological scores in PFC group were more obvious than those in PS group (allP < 0.05).Conclusions PFOB combined with DPPC inhalation can provide greater oxygen delivery, reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokines, supplement PS and influence its distribution on the surface of lung, which might lead to a marked and sustained improvement in oxygenation, pulmonary function and amelioration of lung edema and inflammatory reaction in saline lavage induced lung injury of rabbits.

Objective To observe the ultrastructure changes of brain of the late trimester of fetal rats via transumbilical vein injection using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.Methods The forty pregnant rats in the late trimester were divided into four experimental groups randomly.After being successfully punctured in the umbilical vein,two fetus was randomly chosen from maternal uterus with injection contrast agent SonoVue or normal saline solution(20 fetus/each group).Group A as control group with injection of normal saline solution(120 μl/kg);group B as low dose group with injection of SonoVue 0.014 mg/kg(120μl/kg,0.118 ng/ml);group C as media dose group with injection of SonoVue 0.14 mg/kg(120 μd/kg,1.18mg/ml)and group D as high dose group with injection of SonoVue 1.4 mg/kg(120 μl/kg,11.8 mg/ml).After observing the process of every contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic examination,tissue slices of brain of these fetus were made for electronmicroscope investigation.Results ①There was no enhancement in the fetus and placenta in group A.Enhancement couldn't be clearly seen in group B because of fast wash-out contrast agent.On the contrary,the fetus and placenta enhancement in turn could be seen in group C and group D.Enhancement never be seen in maternal uterus and uterine outside.②There was no significant difference of ultrastructure changes of the fetal brain tissues in group A and group B with electronmicroscope.Different degree rough endoplasmic reticulum enlargement,mitochondria swelling,endothelial cell injury,glycogen deposition and vacuolization in the brain cells were found in group C and group D,and the value of contrast between the two groups was significantly different(P＜0.05).Conclusions It is decreasd gradually effects to perform transumbilical vein contrast enhanced ultrasonography with reducing gradually dose for the late trimester of fetal rats,but enhancement has been invisible in the low dose group.

Objective To observe the changes of plasma IL-8 levels and their association with the severity of and the passage of time after inhalation injury. Methods The plasma was separated from blood samples of 27 patients 12 h, 1, 2, 4 and7 d after inhalation injury. The IL-8 level in the plasma was determined by ELISA. Result IL-8 levels were significantly increased on day 1 and kept a high level for a period over 7 d. Conclusion Inhalation injury can induce the production of IL-8, and IL-8 level is positively correlated with the by severity of inhalation injury.

Objective To observe the changes of plasma IL-8 levels and their association with the severity of and the passage of time after inhalation injury. Methods The plasma was separated from blood samples of 27 patients 12 h, 1, 2, 4 and7 d after inhalation injury. The IL-8 level in the plasma was determined by ELISA. Result IL-8 levels were significantly increased on day 1 and kept a high level for a period over 7 d. Conclusion Inhalation injury can induce the production of IL-8, and IL-8 level is positively correlated with the by severity of inhalation injury.