The colorimetric method has been well developed to detect the sensitivity of most antiproliferative drugs with the advantages of objectivity and accuracy. Many parameters including the dosage and the absorbance of crystalline violet, the extraction time of the solvent, plate effect and marginal effect were investigated, then the optimized method was applied further to measure the biological activity during the refolding of recombinant human IFN-? inclusion bodies.

AIM:To evaluate the feasibility and significance of nasal endoscope combined with Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ( Nd:YAG ) laser in the treatment of recurrent dacryocystitis.
METHODS: Forty-eight cases (48 eyes) with recurrent dacryocystitis were treated by nasal endoscope combined with Nd:YAG laser. The tubes were kept in place for 3-6mo after operation. The follow-up time was 3-18mo.RESULTS: Symptoms was completely resolved in 46 eyes and improved in 2 eyes, the cure rate was 100%. There were no other complications.
CONCLUSION: Nasal endoscope combined with Nd:YAG laser provides an ideal therapeutic for recurrent dacryocystitis because of its many advantages such as a few complications, simple operation, no scars on face and so on and is fit for clinical application in primary hospitals.

AIM: To investigate protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on liver and lung in mice after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: BALB/c mice were used in a model of partial hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.They are divided randomly to sham-operated control group(SH), hepatic I/R group or NAC pretreated in hepatic I/R group(I/R-NAC).The level of TNF-α in protal vein and plasma ALT were measured at 1hour and 3 hour, respectively after reperfusion.Lung tissue wet-to-dry(W/D) weight ratio compared. RESULTS: Lung tissue W/D ratio showed significant difference between two groups; The expressions of TLR2/4 mRNA in liver and lung increased obviously after hepatic I/R injury. Histological evaluation showed several changes in lung tissue in I/R group.The level of TNF-α and ALT in protal vein increased continually in I/R group at 1hour and 3 hour of reputation compared with SH group.The level of TNF-α and ALT declined significantly in the group pretreated by NAC. CONCLUSION: N-acetylcysteine can inhibit the activation of TLR2/4 and reduce TNF-α secretion resulted from I/R injury it might abate liver and lung injury following partial hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in mice.

Choristoma ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Tracheal Diseases

BACKGROUND:Myeloid cell (TREM-1) is an important mediator of the signal transduction pathway in inflammatory response. In this study, a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established to observe the expression pattern of TREM-1 in lung tissue and the role of TREM-1 in pulmonary inflammatory response to ALI. METHODS:Thirty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into a normal control group (n=6) and an ALI group (n=24). The model of ALI was made by intraperitonal injection of LPS in dose of 10 mg/kg. Specimens from peripheral blood and lung tissue were collected 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after LPS injection. RT-PCR was used to detect TREM-1 mRNA, and ELISA was employed for detection of TREM-1 protein and TNF-a protein, and HE staining was performed for the pathological Smith lung scoring under a light microscope. RESULTS:The expressions of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue and blood of the ALI group 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after injection of LPS were higher than those in the control group. The levels of TREM-1 protein and the levels of TNF-a protein in lung tissue of the ALI group 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after LPS injection were higher than those of the control group; the level of TREM-1 protein peaked 12 hours after LPS injection, but it was not significantly correlated with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P=0.14); the TNF-a concentration was positively correlated with TREM-1 levels in lung tissue and with Smith pathological score (r=0.795, P=0.001:r=0.499, P=0.034), but not with the expression of TREM-1 mRNA (P=0.176). CONCLUSIONS:The expression of TREM-1 mRNA in lung tissue of mice with ALI is elevated, and the expression of TREM-1 mRNA is related to the level of TNF-a and the severity of inflammatory response to ALI. The expressions of the TREM-1 gene are not consistent with the levels of TREM-1 protein, suggesting a new functional protein involved in immune regulation.

Abstract: Objective　China was certified by World Health Organization as a malaria-free country in 2021. Malaria has become a rare infectious disease, and preventing the re-transmission of imported malaria and reducing deaths are the main challenges facing China after elimination of malaria. To analyze and clarify the characteristics of imported malaria deaths, and to provide prevention and treatment recommendations for overseas workers and health care workers. Methods　The data of 17 imported malaria deaths in the analysis of malaria deaths from 2016 to 2020 by the National Severe Malaria Treatment Expert Group were collected, and the relevant clinical epidemiological data and disease course records were analyzed. Results　The 17 malaria deaths were all imported from Africa with Plasmodium falciparum infection (malarial cerebral type), with no obvious regularity in the month of onset. Among them, 16 were male patients, 5 cases with underlying diseases such as diabetes mellitus, and 10 patients were first diagnosed in a second-level or lower hospital. Excluding patients who died of respiratory cardiac arrest in ambulances, the mean time difference between first onset and malaria diagnosis in 16 patients was 6.8 days (median 5.5 days), and the mean time between first onset and antimalarial treatment was 7.4 days (median 6 days), the mean time difference from initial onset to death was 10.3 days (median 8.5 days). Excluding cases with onset abroad and unknown time of return, all 14 patients developed the disease within 30 days after returning to China. Conclusion　All the fatal cases were infected with Plasmodium falciparum imported from Africa. The patients' awareness of actively seeking medical treatment is weak, and the delay in seeking medical treatment caused by the insufficient diagnosis and treatment capacity of health institutions at the township level and below is the main reason for the deaths. It is recommended to strengthen the self-protection awareness of staff in malaria-endemic areas overseas and raise their awareness of malaria. For returnees from areas with high malaria risk, primary medical institutions should pay attention to the patient's travel history in Africa, improve the awareness of malaria diagnosis, malaria diagnosis and treatment capabilities.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the enantioselectivity of norgestrel (NG) transdermal permeation and the potential influence of linalool and lipids on the enantioselectivity. In vitro skin permeation studies of NG across the excised rat skins were performed with Valia-Chien diffusion cells, and the permeation samples were analyzed by enantioselective HPLC. The possible enantioselective permeation of NG across intact rat back skin and lipids extracted rat back skin and the influence of linalool were evaluated. The skin permeation rate of dl-NG was two times higher than that of l-NG when donor solutions (EtOH/H2O 2 : 8, v/v) containing l-NG or dl-NG. It may be mainly attributed to the solubility discrepancy between enantiomer and racemate. The enantioselective permeation of dl-NG across intact rat skin was observed when the donor solutions containing dl-linalool. The permeation flux of l-NG was 22% higher than that of d-NG. But interestingly, the enantioselective permeation of dl-NG disappeared under the same experimental condition except that the lipid extracted rat skin was used. Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of stratum corneum showed that the wave number for asymmetric CH2 stretching vibrations of lipids treated with dl-linalool was greater than that of the control. The results indicated that the enantioselective permeation of NG may be contributed by the interaction between dl-linalool and lipids. More than half of lipids were composed of ceramides. The stereospecific interaction maybe existed among chiral enhancer (linalool), lipids (ceramides) and/or chiral drugs (NG).
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Lipids ; pharmacology ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Norgestrel ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Stereoisomerism

Objective:To investigate the incidence trends and clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducting using the following data:3,766 cases with thyroid disease in the People's Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2001 and July 2013;and 977 cases with thyroid cancer in the Hubei Cancer Hospital between Janu-ary 2006 and July 2013. Results:The incidence of thyroid cancer increased significantly since 2008, ranging from 14.94%to 18.10%(P<0.05). In particular, the PTC cases ranged from 85.33%to 90.89%(P<0.05). A total of 1,416 cases were diagnosed as PTC with a male to female ratio of 1:3.75. The positive rate of neck lymph node metastasis (NLNM) was significantly different in terms of gender and age (P<0.05). Significant differences were also found between the unifocal group and the multifocal group;the positive rate of NL-NM was 77.94%in the latter group. The rate of NLNM in PTC was 72.29%, which had higher significance compared with Hashimoto's thyroiditis or with nodular goiter. Conclusion: The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing. Cases involving males aged below 45 years old and with>1 cm tumor diameter and multifocal PTC are more likely to be complicated with NLNM.

AIM: To address whether the analysis of CD45~+CD86~+ cells isolated from para-aortic lymph nodes (PLNs) is valuable in assessment of the status of local immunity at the feto-maternal interface. METHODS: CBA/J?DBA/2, virgin CBA/J, and CBA/J?BALB/c mice were used as an abortion-prone model (group A), non-pregnant controls (group N), and fertile controls (group F), respectively. The percentage of CD45~+CD86~+ cell in the CD45~+ cell group (CD45~+CD86~+ percentage for short) and the absolute number of these cells were determined with flow cytometry (FCM), using mononuclear cells isolated from PLNs collected on day 5.5, 9.5, and 13.5 of gestation, respectively, and mononuclear cells from placentas on day 13.5 of gestation. To clarify the identity of these CD86~+ cells, FCM was also performed with CD3, CD19 and DX5 as markers for T cells, B cells, and NK cells, respectively. RESULTS: Both resorption rate and absolute number of resorption were significantly higher in group A (29.3%, 1.8?1.0) than those in group F (4.8%, 0.3?0.5, P

AIM: To investigate the relationship between CD200~+CK7~+ trophoblasts and the resorption of embryos in a poly (I∶C)-induced abortion model. METHODS: The status of CD200 expression was investigated in Balb/c?C57BL/6 and Balb/c?Balb/c mice as induced model of embryo-resorption by an i.p. injection of poly (I∶C). CD200 expression on CK7~+ cells from placentas was detected with flow cytometry. CD200~+ cells in placenta were observed with immunocytochemical staining. RESULTS: Both the percentage and absolute number of CD200~+CK7~+ cells were dramatically decreased by injection of poly (I∶C) in Balb/c?C57BL/6 (6.3%?6.2% vs 36.1%?9.3%, P